Strapdown inertial navigation system algorithms based on dual quaternions

The design of strapdown inertial navigation system (INS) algorithms based on dual quaternions is addressed. Dual quaternion is a most concise and efficient mathematical tool to represent rotation and translation simultaneously, i.e., the general displacement of a rigid body. The principle of strapdown inertial navigation is represented using the tool of dual quaternion. It is shown that the principle can be expressed by three continuous kinematic equations in dual quaternion. These equations take the same form as the attitude quaternion rate equation. Subsequently, one new numerical integration algorithm is structured to solve the three kinematic equations, utilizing the traditional two-speed approach originally developed in attitude integration. The duality between the coning and sculling corrections, raised in the recent literature, can be essentially explained by splitting the new algorithm into the corresponding rotational and translational parts. The superiority of the new algorithm over conventional ones in accuracy is analytically derived. A variety of simulations are carried out to support the analytic results. The numerical results agree well with the analyses. The new algorithm turns out to be a better choice than any conventional algorithm for high-precision navigation systems and high-maneuver applications. Several guidelines in choosing a suitable navigation algorithm are also provided.     

顶部喷气对高速轴流压气机性能及流场的影响

喷气是提高压气机稳定工作裕度的有效措施之一。采用数值模拟方法研究了顶部喷气对某轴流压气机气动性能的影响。数值计算所获得实壁机匣总性能与其试验结果相吻合。喷气数值计算结果表明，转子上游约30％轴向弦长处的喷气推迟了失速的发生。通过详细地分析顶部喷气对压气机顶部区域流场结构的影响，揭示了其扩稳机理。     

Streamer Evaporation

Streamer evaporation is the consequence of heating in ideal MHD models because plasma is weakly contained by the magnetic field. Heating causes inflation, opening of field lines, and release of solar wind. It was discovered in simulations and, due to the absence of loss mechanisms, the ultimate end point is the complete evaporation of the streamer. Of course streamers do not behave in this way because of losses by thermal conduction and radiation. Heating is also expected to depend on ambient conditions. We use a global MHD model with thermal conduction to examine the effect of changing the heating scale height. We also extend an analytic model of streamers developed by Pneuman (1968) to show that steady streamers are unable to contain plasma for temperatures near the cusp greater than ∼ 2 × 10⁶ K. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

用湍流传热模型模拟室内空气流动和换热

利用低雷诺数NH模型、NK传热模型及模型系数改进后的NK传热模型,分别对室内空气流动和换热的速度场、温度场、湍动能场进行了模拟,并将计算结果与实验结果进行了对比分析.研究表明,低雷诺数NH模型、NK传热模型及模型系数改进后的NK传热模型均能对室内空气流动及换热的速度场、温度场、湍动能场进行较好的数值模拟,其中模型系数改进后的NK传热模型模拟的准确性最高.     

镀钴碳纳米管/环氧树脂基复合材料的制备及其微波吸收特性研究

采用化学镀法制备了表面镀钴的多壁碳纳米管，并将其均匀分散在环氧树脂基体中固化成膜，形成镀钴碳纳米管／环氧树脂基复合材料。采用透射电镜、X射线衍射及振动样品磁强计等对镀钴碳纳米管的形貌、微结构与磁性能进行了表征，还采用数字化网络分析仪对该复合材料在0．5～40GHz频段内的微波吸收特性进行了研究。结果表明：在相同的碳管质量分数(1％)和吸波介质层厚度(2．0mm)等条件下，与纯碳纳米管相比，表面镀钴碳纳米管的吸收峰往高频方向移动，吸收强度略有增加，但吸收频带并没有宽化趋势。     

用PTI分析功能梯度材料的热传导灵敏度

较详尽的介绍了精细时程积分方法(Precise Time Integration,以下简称PTI)的运算过程,并针对功能梯度材料这种新型材料的灵敏度分析问题,以热传导问题为例,建立了PTI方法的灵敏度计算公式,结果表明方法的精确度与有效性。     

挤压油膜阻尼器的热平衡分析

利用变分有限元法对挤压油膜阻尼器（简称ＳＦＤ）的热平衡问题进行了分析计算。文中根据雷诺边界条件，通过联立求解ＳＦＤ的雷诺方程、能量方程得到了ＳＦＤ的压力分布、滑油流量等参数。为ＳＦＤ的设计与计算提供了更为可靠的理论依据。     

液体火箭发动机基于时序分析的实时在线故障检测算法

针对液体火箭发动机主级稳态工作过程，采用时间序列分析理论，提出并实现了一种基于ＡＲＭＡ模型计算残差自相关函数置信区间检验的故障检测策略。经大量发动机实际热试车数据验证表明，本文所实现的故障检测算法是十分有效的。这一结果可望直接应用于工程。     

端弯叶片通道出口二次流的研究

实验并且采用考虑粘性的涡传输方程计算端弯压气机叶片通道出口二次流。给出了３种端弯叶片及对应的原始直叶片通道出口气流偏转角的实验值和计算预测值。研究表明：采用上述方程能比较准确地预测出口气流偏转角；叶片后缘减弯可减小流向二次涡强度。     

一类关联转子分离尺度与损失的工程模型

将分离与损失相关联，提出了利用转子进出口参数来确定跨音风扇转子内部分离流动的方法。应用该方法对几个转子流场计算的结果表明，在转子的叶尖区域，由于强的激波与附面层相互作用，使得流动在激波后不久便发生分离。叶尖漏流涡可能对激波与附面层的相互作用诱导流动分离有较大影响。