基于自动有限元建模的民机机翼结构布局优化

针对民用飞机中广泛采用的双梁式机翼结构,以机翼结构纵向构件(长桁)和横向构件(翼肋)的数量为参数生成机翼CAD模型,然后基于Patran的PCL(Patran Command Language)语言,根据整体模型分割、局部模型编号、局部网格控制、整体有限元生成的思路,实现了以纵向和横向构件的数量变化为基础自动进行机翼结构有限元模型的构建及分析,并将上述流程集成到机翼结构的布局优化中.最后参照某大型民用飞机的机翼外形尺寸建立了CAD模型,以机翼的静强度、刚度和蒙皮稳定性为约束,以机翼结构质量最低为目标,对上、下蒙皮长桁和翼肋数量进行了优化.优化后的布局使机翼结构质量降低了10.1%,表明了布局优化方法的有效性和可行性.     

基于未加权区域采样的直线反走样算法

直线作为组成图形的基本元素,其生成方法一直是计算机图形学研究的基础内容之一.针对非垂直且非水平直线在光栅图形显示器存在的走样现象,结合经典的Bresenham算法和未加权区域采样思想,提出一种新的反走样直线生成算法.相比于传统的未加权区域采样以及Wu算法,该算法主要利用整数加减运算完成直线的反走样,计算简单,利于FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)硬件实现.仿真结果表明:新算法的仿真速度约为传统未加权区域采样的3倍,与Wu算法仿真速度相当;利用Wu算法生成的直线平滑性较好,但是沿着直线方向的某些相邻像素灰度值相差较大,而新算法生成的直线不但平滑效果好,而且沿直线方向相邻像素灰度值相差不大,因此,相比于Wu算法,新算法反走样效果更佳.     

显示界面字符编码工效设计与分析

针对人机显示界面中字符编码的工效设计问题,以封闭模拟驾驶舱为基础,采用32名被试开展静态模拟实验,选取反应时间和反应正确率为工效评价指标,得出不同光照水平、颜色匹配和字符高度下显示界面呈现的中文、英文、数字及符号的辨识绩效.实验结果表明:中/英文、数字和普通符号的辨识绩效差异显著;0~600 lx范围内4个水平光照变化对字符编码辨识绩效影响较小;颜色匹配方式对字符编码辨识绩效影响显著,黄/白、绿/青的字符/背景色匹配方式辨识绩效较差,在字符编码设计中尽量避免使用.通过实验结论及对实验数据的深入分析,建立显示界面字符编码设计的数学模型,为飞机驾驶舱人机显示界面编码设计提供参考.     

整机产品失效机理危害度定量分析方法

针对整机产品失效机理多而复杂、失效数据少、主失效机理分析为定性方法的现状,提出了一种基于Bayes的失效机理危害度定量分析方法.首先利用Dirichlet分布描述产品的先验信息,结合现场失效数据确定失效频率的Bayes后验分布函数,然后通过Slice抽样方法获得失效频率的满条件分布,进而利用Gibbs抽样得到其Bayes估计,从而实现了各失效机理的定量分析.最后在某型光纤连接器失效机理已分析清楚的前提下,分别用FMMEA(Failure Modes,Mechanisms and Effects Analysis)及Bayes方法确定了其主失效机理,结果表明基于Bayes的失效机理危害度定量分析方法考虑了现场未出现的失效机理危害度,其确定的主失效机理比FMMEA结果更具有可信度.     

基于双量子比特态测量的量子自适应中值滤波

为了进一步增强去噪时对图像细节的保护能力,并同时提高算法实时性,提出了基于双量子比特态测量的量子自适应中值滤波算法,该算法首先将待处理图像像素转化为量子叠加态,然后依据量子测量原理对此叠加态进行量子测量,最后将测量后的坍缩态转化为输出图像.该算法使用双量子比特态来描述单像素,拓展了单量子比特态与单像素的对应关系.双量子比特态的4个叠加基态增加了被描述像素的信息量,可以更精确地对像素进行操作.该算法根据噪声特点设计双量子比特态的概率密度公式,并根据测量坍缩态自适应地调整滤波窗口尺寸.实验证明,该算法与标准中值滤波和经典自适应中值滤波相比,具有更好的综合滤波能力,既可以有效地滤除噪声点,很好地保护图像细节,又具有很好的实时性.     

Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.     

Geostationary orbit determination using SATRE

A new strategy of precise orbit determination (POD) for GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) satellite using SATRE (SAtellite Time and Ranging Equipment) is presented. Two observation modes are proposed and different channels of the same instruments are used to construct different observation modes, one mode receiving time signals from their own station and the other mode receiving time signals from each other for two stations called pairs of combined observations. Using data from such a tracking network in China, the results for both modes are compared. The precise orbit determination for the Sino-1 satellite using the data from 6 June 2005 to 13 June 2005 has been carried out in this work. The RMS (Root-Mean-Square) of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the former mode is better than 9.1 cm. The RMS of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the latter mode is better than 4.8 cm, much better than the former mode. Orbital overlapping (3-day orbit solution with 1-day orbit overlap) tests show that the RMS of the orbit difference for the former mode is 0.16 m in the radial direction, 0.53 m in the along-track direction, 0.97 m in the cross-track direction and 1.12 m in the 3-dimension position and the RMS of the orbit difference for the latter mode is 0.36 m in the radial direction, 0.89 m in the along-track direction, 1.18 m in the cross-track direction and 1.52 m in the 3-dimension position, almost the same as the former mode. All the experiments indicate that a meter-level accuracy of orbit determination for geostationary satellite is achievable.     

时间触发CAN总线实时性分析及评估方法

针对目前时间触发控制器局域网(CAN,Controller Area Network)总线缺乏统一评估方法的现状,提出了一套系统建立与评估方案.采用均匀装载算法建立系统调度矩阵,实现了周期信息的实时传输.结合CAN总线的传输机制与时间触发的特点,改进了时间触发系统中非周期信息最坏延迟的计算方法.在此基础上针对不满足系统实时性要求的信息提出了计算其失效概率的方法,建立了时间触发CAN总线系统的设计与评估流程,提出了系统参数调整方案.评估方案能够提高设计效率,利用信息失效概率以及最坏延迟对系统实时性进行分析,使分析结果更加精确、实用.     

萤火一号火星探测器轨道设计与科学探测事件分析

针对萤火一号火星探测器在2011年发射窗口的轨道进行初步设计.在此基础上,分析了萤火一号火星探测器绕火星飞行的轨道特性,预报其穿越火星弓激波和磁堆积区域、CCD相机拍照时刻,其与深空站进行星-地掩星试验和与俄罗斯Phobos-Grunt火星探测器进行星-星掩星试验的时刻.结果表明,萤火一号火星探测器在与俄罗斯Phobos-Grunt分离后一年的环火飞行时间里,存在大量的科学探测机会.