全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2709篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
航空 | 1275篇 |
航天技术 | 945篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
航天 | 490篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 20篇 |
2019年 | 18篇 |
2018年 | 64篇 |
2017年 | 41篇 |
2016年 | 39篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 59篇 |
2013年 | 99篇 |
2012年 | 64篇 |
2011年 | 99篇 |
2010年 | 75篇 |
2009年 | 127篇 |
2008年 | 150篇 |
2007年 | 71篇 |
2006年 | 67篇 |
2005年 | 76篇 |
2004年 | 70篇 |
2003年 | 87篇 |
2002年 | 48篇 |
2001年 | 95篇 |
2000年 | 49篇 |
1999年 | 72篇 |
1998年 | 70篇 |
1997年 | 68篇 |
1996年 | 65篇 |
1995年 | 89篇 |
1994年 | 88篇 |
1993年 | 41篇 |
1992年 | 50篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 24篇 |
1989年 | 51篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 30篇 |
1985年 | 74篇 |
1984年 | 74篇 |
1983年 | 43篇 |
1982年 | 71篇 |
1981年 | 68篇 |
1980年 | 18篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 32篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1975年 | 24篇 |
1974年 | 16篇 |
1973年 | 17篇 |
1972年 | 16篇 |
1969年 | 14篇 |
1966年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有2719条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
221.
Chiara Toglia Marco Sabatini Paolo Gasbarri Giovanni B. Palmerini 《Acta Astronautica》2011,68(7-8):1031-1041
Space graspers are complex systems, composed by robotic arms placed on an orbiting platform. In order to fulfil the manoeuvres’ requirements, it is necessary to properly model all the forces acting on the space robot. A fully nonlinear model is used to describe the dynamics, based on a multibody approach. The model includes the orbital motion, the gravity gradient, the aerodynamic effects, as well as the flexibility of the links. The present paper aims to design, thanks to nonlinear optimization algorithms, a class of manoeuvres that, given the same target to be grasped, are characterized by different mission objectives. The grasping mission can be performed with the objective to minimize the power consumption. Collision avoidance constraints can be also added when the target is equipped with solar panels or other appendices. In some cases, large elastic displacements should be expected, possibly leading to an inaccurate positioning of the end-effector. Therefore, different design strategies can require that the manoeuvre is accomplished with minimum vibrations’ amplitude at the end-effector. Performance of the different strategies is analyzed in terms of control effort, trajectory errors, and flexible response of the manipulator. 相似文献
222.
223.
The Juno Waves Investigation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W. S. Kurth G. B. Hospodarsky D. L. Kirchner B. T. Mokrzycki T. F. Averkamp W. T. Robison C. W. Piker M. Sampl P. Zarka 《Space Science Reviews》2017,213(1-4):347-392
Jupiter is the source of the strongest planetary radio emissions in the solar system. Variations in these emissions are symptomatic of the dynamics of Jupiter’s magnetosphere and some have been directly associated with Jupiter’s auroras. The strongest radio emissions are associated with Io’s interaction with Jupiter’s magnetic field. In addition, plasma waves are thought to play important roles in the acceleration of energetic particles in the magnetosphere, some of which impact Jupiter’s upper atmosphere generating the auroras. Since the exploration of Jupiter’s polar magnetosphere is a major objective of the Juno mission, it is appropriate that a radio and plasma wave investigation is included in Juno’s payload. This paper describes the Waves instrument and the science it is to pursue as part of the Juno mission. 相似文献
224.
We consider in detail the intense Pc5 pulsations of the magnetic field, riometric absorption, and electron fluxes occurred
on the recovery phase of the strong magnetic storm on November 21, 2003. The global structure of these disturbances is studied
using the world network of magnetometers and riometers supplemented by the data of particle detectors onboard the LANL geosynchronous satellites. The local spatial structure is investigated according to data of the regional network of Finnish
vertical riometers and of stations of the IMAGE magnetic network. Though a certain similarity is observed in the frequency
composition and time evolution of the variations of magnetic field and riometric absorption, the local spatial structure of
these oscillations turns out to be different. It is suggested that these variations can be manifestations of oscillatory properties
of two weakly connected systems: the magnetospheric MHD waveguide/resonator and the system cyclotron noise + electrons. The
recorded Pc5 oscillations are, presumably, a result of excitation of the magnetospheric waveguide on the morning and evening
flanks of the magnetosphere. At high velocities of the solar wind this waveguide can appear in a metastable state. Not only
jumps in the solar wind density, but injection of electrons into the magnetosphere as well, can serve as a trigger for the
waveguide excitation. 相似文献
225.
Jeremie Lasue Nicolas Mangold Ernst Hauber Steve Clifford William Feldman Olivier Gasnault Cyril Grima Sylvestre Maurice Olivier Mousis 《Space Science Reviews》2013,174(1-4):155-212
In this paper, we review current estimates of the global water inventory of Mars, potential loss mechanisms, the thermophysical characteristics of the different reservoirs that water may be currently stored in, and assess how the planet’s hydrosphere and cryosphere evolved with time. First, we summarize the water inventory quantified from geological analyses of surface features related to both liquid water erosion, and ice-related landscapes. They indicate that, throughout most of Martian geologic history (and possibly continuing through to the present day), water was present to substantial depths, with a total inventory ranging from several 100 to as much as 1000 m Global Equivalent Layer (GEL). We then review the most recent estimates of water content based on subsurface detection by orbital and landed instruments, including deep penetrating radars such as SHARAD and MARSIS. We show that the total amount of water measured so far is about 30 m GEL, although a far larger amount of water may be stored below the sounding depths of currently operational instruments. Finally, a global picture of the current state of the subsurface water reservoirs and their evolution is discussed. 相似文献
226.
William P. Schonberg 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
Spacecraft that are launched to operate in Earth orbit are susceptible to impacts by meteoroids and pieces of orbital debris (MMOD). The effect of a MMOD particle impact on a spacecraft depends on where the impact occurs, the size, composition, and speed of the impacting object, the function of the impacted system. In order to perform a risk analysis for a particular spacecraft under a specific mission profile, it is important to know whether or not the impacting particle (or its remnants) will exit the rear of an impacted spacecraft wall. A variety of different ballistic limit equations (BLEs) have been developed for many different types of structural wall configurations. BLEs can be used to optimize the design of spacecraft wall parameters so that the resulting configuration is able to withstand the anticipated variety of on-orbit high-speed impact scenarios. While the level of effort exerted in studying the response of metallic multi-wall systems to high speed particle impact is quite substantial, the extent of the effort to study composite material and composite structural systems under similar impact conditions has been much more limited. This paper presents an overview of the activities performed to assess the resiliency of composite structures and materials under high speed projectile impact. The activities reviewed will be those that have been aimed at increasing the level of protection afforded to spacecraft operating in the MMOD environment, and more specifically, on those activities performed to mitigate the mechanical and structural effects of an MMOD impact. 相似文献
227.
Alfvén waves are considered to be viable transporters of the non-thermal energy required to heat the Sun’s quiescent atmosphere. An abundance of recent observations, from state-of-the-art facilities, have reported the existence of Alfvén waves in a range of chromospheric and coronal structures. Here, we review the progress made in disentangling the characteristics of transverse kink and torsional linear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves. We outline the simple, yet powerful theory describing their basic properties in (non-)uniform magnetic structures, which closely resemble the building blocks of the real solar atmosphere. 相似文献
228.
S. Sundaresan B. Nageswara Rao 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
This paper presents a mathematical model to simulate ionospheric plasma drifts at equatorial low latitude regions by coupling of E- and F-regions. The governing non-linear differential equations (of elliptic and parabolic nature) are solved numerically through finite-difference schemes and obtained neutral winds and electric fields. The temperature and electron density profiles are generated utilizing MSIS-86 atmospheric model. The continuity equation is employed to obtain night-time E-region density profile using measured ionograms at Trivandrum (India). The computed vertical and zonal plasma drifts are comparable with measured Jacamarca plasma drifts with little variations during noon and evening times. The plasma drifts at Trivandrum (8.5° N, 76.5° E, dip 0.5° N) are compared with those of Jicamarca (12° S, 76.9° W, dip 2° N). Neutral wind simulations of present model agree well with those of horizontal wind model (HWM-93). The post-sunset enhancement and its reversal are also discussed. 相似文献
229.
Stewart Nozette Paul Spudis Ben Bussey Robert Jensen Keith Raney Helene Winters Christopher L. Lichtenberg William Marinelli Jason Crusan Michele Gates Mark Robinson 《Space Science Reviews》2010,150(1-4):285-302
The Miniature Radio Frequency (Mini-RF) system is manifested on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) as a technology demonstration and an extended mission science instrument. Mini-RF represents a significant step forward in spaceborne RF technology and architecture. It combines synthetic aperture radar (SAR) at two wavelengths (S-band and X-band) and two resolutions (150 m and 30 m) with interferometric and communications functionality in one lightweight (16 kg) package. Previous radar observations (Earth-based, and one bistatic data set from Clementine) of the permanently shadowed regions of the lunar poles seem to indicate areas of high circular polarization ratio (CPR) consistent with volume scattering from volatile deposits (e.g. water ice) buried at shallow (0.1–1 m) depth, but only at unfavorable viewing geometries, and with inconclusive results. The LRO Mini-RF utilizes new wideband hybrid polarization architecture to measure the Stokes parameters of the reflected signal. These data will help to differentiate “true” volumetric ice reflections from “false” returns due to angular surface regolith. Additional lunar science investigations (e.g. pyroclastic deposit characterization) will also be attempted during the LRO extended mission. LRO’s lunar operations will be contemporaneous with India’s Chandrayaan-1, which carries the Forerunner Mini-SAR (S-band wavelength and 150-m resolution), and bistatic radar (S-Band) measurements may be possible. On orbit calibration, procedures for LRO Mini-RF have been validated using Chandrayaan 1 and ground-based facilities (Arecibo and Greenbank Radio Observatories). 相似文献
230.
I. Antonenko G.R. Osinski M. Battler M. Beauchamp L. Cupelli A. Chanou R. Francis M.M. Mader C. Marion E. McCullough A.E. Pickersgill L.J. Preston B. Shankar T. Unrau D. Veillette 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Remote robotic data provides different information than that obtained from immersion in the field. This significantly affects the geological situational awareness experienced by members of a mission control science team. In order to optimize science return from planetary robotic missions, these limitations must be understood and their effects mitigated to fully leverage the field experience of scientists at mission control. 相似文献