激光测速测量湍流分离-再附流动

 <正> 湍流边界层分离研究是当前流体力学中难度极大的课题。有关的试验比较罕见,其重要原因是接触式测速技术对流场有干扰且无方向敏感性,因而难以获得可信数据。激光多普勒测速(LDV)作为非接触测速技术,可以有效地测量间歇反流特征,因此越来越多的研究者倾向于应用LDV研究湍流分离流。迄今为止,应用LDV对分离流的研究一般侧重于分离过程。对整个湍流分离-再附过程进行完整的测量尚不多见。本试验采用二维LDV系统详细地测量了二维非对称曲壁扩压器内的湍流分离-再附流动。     

基于解析规则的舰艇区域防空作战能力需求生成

首先,在能力需求生成中,通过对舰艇面临的威胁任务分解,构建作战能力指标体系,分析"元任务-能力指标"之间的解析规则进而得到舰艇作战所需的各项能力指标;其次,以单舰舰空导弹区域防空为背景,根据作战流程的各个阶段建立相应的数学模型,以作战需求以及敌我双方的相关因素为变量,结合关系图对杀伤区远近界、发射区远近界、预警机前出距离、高度和必需预警距离等作战能力指标进行了仿真验证;最后,分析了所需探测距离及速度对作战能力指标的影响关系,定量得到相应所需的区间数值解,为舰艇区域防空作战能力需求生成提供了依据。      

HTPB推进剂凝胶分解特性与老化性能的相关性

研究了贮存老化过程中 HTPB推进剂凝胶的氧化反应热效应与推进剂力学性能之间的相关性。实验表明 ,HTPB推进剂贮存老化过程中 ,凝胶的氧化反应热效应与推进剂最大强度下的延伸率 ,二者之间存在很好的线性相关性 ,为进一步快速预估 HTPB推进剂的贮存寿命 ,提供了一种样品用量少、快速简便的新方法     

基于二进小波阈值决策的血管内超声图像噪声抑制

针对血管内超声图像中血液散射引起的斑点噪声,提出了一种基于小波多尺度分析的非线性去噪算法,在二进小波变换域分别采用软阈值滤波法和硬阈值滤波法对不同尺度的小波系数进行非线性处理,并根据二进小波分解结构提出了一种局部阈值估计方法.实验结果表明,该方法在抑制血流斑点噪声的同时也较好地保留了图像边缘,有助于识别管壁和周围组织.     

企业员工工作场所欺凌与职业倦怠关系的实证研究

本研究探讨工作场所欺凌对员工职业倦怠的作用机制,主要结论有：工作场所欺凌与职业倦怠显著正相关,工作场所欺凌能够显著预测职业倦怠水平;工作场所欺凌与情感耗竭显著正相关,工作场所欺凌能够显著预测情感耗竭水平;工作场所欺凌与人格解体显著正相关,工作场所欺凌能够显著预测人格解体水平;工作场所欺凌与个人成就感低显著正相关,工作场所欺凌能够显著预测个人成就感低水平。     

S弯进气道旋流缩涡实验研究

本文提出的旋流缩涡法采用了一种结构简单的缩涡器, 是一个金属薄片弯成的框架。这个缩涡器框架被安置在进气道喉道前, 通过4个薄片固定在模型上。实验研究表明:该法可缩小由S弯进气道进口分离所造成的单涡旋流作用范围, 并提高出口截面平均总压系数。      

航天器实验模型的热网络分析

采用航天器热控系统设计中常用的热分析计算方法——节点网络法,对一航天器实验模型进行了温度计算,并将计算结果与实验数据进行了比较。采用修正后的网络系数,大部分仪器温度计算值与实验值差值的绝对值在３℃以内,少数在３℃～５℃之间,极个别超过５℃。     

Variations in the thermosphere and ionosphere response to the 17–20 April 2002 geomagnetic storms

The responses of the thermospheric density and ionospheric foF2 to the intense magnetic storms event on 17–20 April were analyzed by using data from CHAMP/STAR and ionosonde stations respectively, and NRLMSISE-00 and IRI-2007 models were used to simulate. The models can capture the tendency of changes, especially under quiet or moderate geomagnetic conditions, but are less accurate under geomagnetic storms. The thermospheric density is sensitive to the EUV emission and geomagnetic activity, and double-peak structure appeared in the dayside. On 19 April dayside, TADs traveled toward the equator with phase speeds of the order of 300–750 m/s, interfered near the equator to produce a total density perturbation of 25%, and then passed through each other and into the opposite hemisphere. For ionospheric foF2, there are non-symmetric hemispheres’ features during the intense geomagnetic activities. In details, middle latitudes in the north and high latitudes in both hemispheres are negative ionospheric storms, and the maximum amplitudes of δfoF2$\delta \mathit{foF}2$ is about 60%, but the amplitudes decrease from the higher to lower latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. Meanwhile, the equatorial station shows positive phase, and the maximum value is about 100%. Finally, the mechanisms for these features will be discussed in this study.     

Interplanetary magnetic field control of plasma distribution in the polar ionosphere

We used the TEC (Total electron content) data of 5 min resolution obtained from the Madrigal database during solar-maximum winter (Nov. 6, 2000–Feb. 4, 2001) to study statistically the polar ionospheric plasma distribution response to different intensity and orientation of IMF By/Bz components. The sunlit high-density plasma extension from dayside to nightside is favored in negative IMF By and Bz conditions. With the magnitude of the negative Bz increasing, the time range corresponding to the distinct high-density extension feature expands, and the plasma density along the extension path enhances, which can be attributed to the interaction between dayside solar-produced ionization whose poleward limit is decided by terminator and convection extent mainly modulated by IMF Bz component. As for IMF By component influence on the sunlit plasma extension, the combination effect of convection and corotation electric fields is necessary to be considered.     

Deformation monitoring using GNSS-R technology

GNSS reflectometry (GNSS-R) has been widely studied in recent years for various applications, such as soil moisture monitoring, biomass analysis, and sea state monitoring. This paper presents the concept of a novel application of using GNSS-R technology for deformation monitoring. Instead of installing GNSS on the deformation body to sense the movement, GNSS-R deformation monitoring system estimates the deformation from receiving GNSS signal reflected by the deformation body remotely. A prototype of GNSS-R deformation monitoring system has been developed based on GNSS software receiver technology. A 3D geometrical model of GNSS signal reflection has been used to reveal the relationship between the change of carrier phase difference and deformation. After compensating the propagation path delay changes caused by satellite movement, the changes in the remaining carrier phase difference are linked to the deformation. Field tests have been carried using the GNSS-R system developed and the results show sub-centimeter level deformation can be observed with the new technology. Unlike other GNSS deformation monitoring methods, GNSS-R receivers are not installed on the slope which makes this new technology more attractive.