推力矢量飞机的起飞性能研究

简述推力矢量技术的作用,建立了带三轴推力矢量飞机的起飞滑跑段运动方程,通过数值仿真探讨了推力矢量的偏转大小对起飞性能的影响,对不同推力矢量偏转下飞机起飞性能的仿真计算结果进行了分析。仿真结果表明,采用直接力控制可以明显提高飞机的起飞性能。     

基于Petri网的建模方法在叶片制造流程重组中的应用

采用基于Petri网的流程建模方法,结合数字化条件下叶片工艺流程设计与评估的相关理论,对叶片制造流程进行重组,并绘制流程框图.利用可达树对Petri网模型进行死锁分析,从而减少流程重组的盲目性和风险.最后通过工程事例说明Petri网模型的死锁分析过程.     

H∞理论在直升机飞行控制系统设计中的应用

以某型直升机横航向通道为对象,将Ｈ＾∞控制理论与计算方法引入直升机飞行控制系统设计中。通过对灵敏度函数和补偿灵敏度函数频率特性的回路整形,设计出有较强抗干扰能力和较好鲁棒稳定性的直升机Ｈ＾∞控制系统。仿真计算表明,具有Ｈ＾∞控制器的直升机横航向姿态保持系统,其指令跟踪和鲁棒稳定都性都有了明显的改善。     

MSC/NASTRAN在复合材料层压板屈曲分析中的应用

介绍了MSC/NASTRAN的特征值屈曲分析的方法,并通过有限元建模样详细说明了-个典型复合材料层压平板屈曲分析算例,与经典复合材料层压板的理论计算结果吻合良好.     

大型壁板数控钻铆的三点快速调平算法

 针对传统机翼壁板铆接过程中托架调平所存在的问题，提出一种基于有限曲面加工区域的三点调平算法。利用机翼表面上待钻铆点附近三点的坐标来表征该铆接区域的空间姿态，通过钻铆系统的几何结构模型所确定的坐标变化矩阵，逆解出调平所需的各运动副位移增量。在钻铆系统结构模型和机翼曲面方程的基础上建立三点选取的优化模型，并利用外点罚函数法确定其优化解。西安飞机工业(集团)责任有限公司ARJ21新支线飞机的机翼壁板试验件数控钻铆结果表明，该算法能够实现较高的加工精度和调平效率。     

Multi-objective optimization of aircraft design for emission and cost reductions

Pollutant gases emitted from the civil jet are doing more and more harm to the environ- ment with the rapid development of the global commercial aviation transport. Low environmental impact has become a new requirement for aircraft design. In this paper, estimation method for emis- sion in aircraft conceptual design stage is improved based on the International Civil Aviation Orga- nization （ICAO） aircraft engine emissions databank and the polynomial curve fitting methods. The greenhouse gas emission （CO2 equivalent） per seat per kilometer is proposed to measure the emis- sions. An approximate sensitive analysis and a multi-objective optimization of aircraft design for tradeoff between greenhouse effect and direct operating cost （DOC） are performed with five geom- etry variables of wing configuration and two flight operational parameters. The results indicate that reducing the cruise altitude and Mach number may result in a decrease of the greenhouse effect but an increase of DOC. And the two flight operational parameters have more effects on the emissions than the wing configuration. The Pareto-optimal front shows that a decrease of 29.8% in DOC is attained at the expense of an increase of 10.8% in greenhouse gases.     

Dynamic analysis of C/C composite finger seal

A seal device as an important component of aeroengines has decisive influence on per- formance, reliability, and working life of aeroengines. With the development of aeroengines, demands on the performance characteristics of seal devices are made strictly. Finger seal as a novel kind of sealing device, recently attracts more and more attentions in academic circles and engineer- ing fields at home and abroad. Research on finger seals has been extensively developed, especially on leakage and wear performances under dynamic conditions. However, it is a pity that the work on finger seals has been limited with a single approach that is improving the performance by structural optimization; in addition, the technology of dynamic analysis on finger seals is weak. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, a distributed mass equivalent dynamic model of finger seals considering the coupling effect of overlaid laminates is established in the present paper, the dynamic perfor- mance of 2.5 dimension C/C composite finger seal is analyzed with the model, and then the effects of fiber bundle density and fiber bundle preparation direction on finger seal＇s dynamic performance are discussed, as well as compared with those of Co-based alloy finger seal. The current work is about dynamic analysis of finger seals and application of C/C composite in this paper may have much academic significance and many engineering values for improving research level of finger seal dynamics and exploring feasibility of C/C composite being used for finger seals.     

温度条件对碳纤维上浆剂与双马树脂反应及其复合材料界面粘结的影响

为了研究工艺温度对复合材料界面的调控作用,设计采用三阶段固化工艺(即扩散、固化和后固化),考察了不同温度制度下3种碳纤维/双马树脂(BMI)复合材料界面粘结性能的变化规律。采用原子力显微镜(AFM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)深入分析了上浆剂对纤维表面粗糙度和化学特性的影响,研究了上浆剂的反应活性及其与双马树脂的反应性,采用微珠脱粘方法测试了碳纤维/树脂的界面剪切强度(IFSSs)。结果表明,200℃处理2h后3种碳纤维上浆剂均发生部分反应,并且170℃,2h后上浆剂均与双马树脂发生化学反应。对比不同温度条件可以发现后固化阶段对碳纤维/双马体系的界面剪切强度影响显著,未经后固化的复合材料界面性能最低;110℃和140℃恒温扩散阶段对碳纤维/双马体系的界面剪切强度的影响不明显。同种温度条件下,CF1和CF3上浆剂与双马树脂的反应程度高于CF2,相应的CF1和CF3与双马树脂的界面剪切强度较高,表明上浆剂与双马树脂间的化学反应程度是影响其界面粘结性能的主要因素。该研究结果对我国碳纤维上浆剂的研制具有参考价值。     

Adaptive Gaussian sum squared-root cubature Kalman filter with split-merge scheme for state estimation

The paper deals with state estimation problem of nonlinear non-Gaussian discrete dynamic systems for improvement of accuracy and consistency. An efficient new algorithm called the adaptive Gaussian-sum square-root cubature Kalman filter（AGSSCKF） with a split-merge scheme is proposed. It is developed based on the squared-root extension of newly introduced cubature Kalman filter（SCKF） and is built within a Gaussian-sum framework. Based on the condition that the probability density functions of process noises and initial state are denoted by a Gaussian sum using optimization method, a bank of SCKF are used as the sub-filters to estimate state of system with the corresponding weights respectively, which is adaptively updated. The new algorithm consists of an adaptive splitting and merging procedure according to a proposed split-decision model based on the nonlinearity degree of measurement. The results of two simulation scenarios（one-dimensional state estimation and bearings-only tracking） show that the proposed filter demonstrates comparable performance to the particle filter with significantly reduced computational cost.     

PIV技术在复杂二相流场中的应用

光学元器件随飞行器在大气中飞行时,其工作性能越来越多地受到大气悬浮汇聚微粒的影响。大气微粒在复杂流场中呈现何种运动汇聚效应,对于合理准确评估机载光学元器件的工作效能具有十分重要的工程意义,而复杂气动流场中微粒分布状态的预估一直是飞行器外界环境研究中的一个难点。气动问题的复杂性、大气中微粒的多样性一直是制约各种试验手段展开、数值模型建立的主要因素。利用先进的激光粒子图像技术,在风洞中对舵面旋涡主导的复杂流场中的微粒速度及分布特性进行了实验研究。在测量舵面翼梢脱落旋涡特性的基础上,通过激光片光扫描流场全域,同时高帧频CCD相机同步曝光,利用PIV 拍摄到的流场中涡流截面内微粒分布的瞬态图像。结合图像后处理技术,对原始粒子图像进行互相关、二值化处理,通过对图像区域内的灰度值计算,统计相对流场截面内的粒子浓度系数,得到在复杂旋涡结构流场内瞬态粒子的分布特性规律。研究结果表明,利用大气中微粒在激光片光下的米氏散射原理,可以有效地拍摄到复杂流场结构下粒子光学散射及分布的特性图像,解决了传统环境测试设备无法对复杂条件下流场内粒子分布进行实时测量的缺陷;在旋涡为主导的流场中,大气中的微粒由向心力牵引,在涡核周围达到平衡运动状态,微粒环绕涡核形成一条环状带,这一区域中的粒子浓度系数要远大于自由流场中的微粒,涡核中心粒子呈“空洞”状态。