交会对接绕飞段多模态滑模控制

基于多模态滑模控制的理念,研究了交会对接绕飞段的控制问题。介绍了 多模态滑模切换函数的设计方法,并给出滑模面的存在条件和系统稳定性证明。采用分时 控制方法弱化系统变量之间的耦合,简化了控制系统的设计。对该控制系统进行了数值仿 真,结果表明：系统可以经由预想的绕飞轨线,由初态绕飞至终态,而且对初始状态具有很 好的适应性。
     

旋转微动目标的SAR成像特性分析

旋转因具有不同方向上的运动分量而对SAR回波具有复杂的多普勒调制作用,进而形成特殊的成像结果。详细分析了旋转微动目标的SAR图像特征、图像形式以及位置关系,指出不同运动参数的旋转微动目标可形成方位向上等间隔分布的、幅度受第一类贝塞尔函数调制的互相独立、交接或交错的直线型、直线点列型、直线条带型以及直线圆列型图像,并给出了以上图像形式和位置关系的形成条件;实验验证了理论分析的正确性。该研究结果深化了对旋转微动目标的SAR成像特性的认识,可有助于判定旋转微动目标的存在,为其特征提取奠定基础。
     

液体火箭发动机推力室喉部结构热疲劳寿命预估研究

为了准确预估液体火箭发动机推力室喉部结构的热疲劳寿命,采用热-力耦合方法对推力室喉部结构在整个循环加载过程中的变形进行数值模拟。以最危险的温度最高和变形最大处为考察点,在多次循环载荷下,综合运用循环疲劳和准静态疲劳理论,对数值计算结果进行分析,预估了结构的热疲劳寿命。研究表明:单次循环下,喉部结构寿命预估值最小,偏保守和安全,因而推荐工程设计和工程应用最优先参考。     

柔韧性在训练中对提高学生运动成绩的影响

柔韧性在运动中具有重要意义,它是有效改进技术的必要基础,也是保证提高运动技术水平的基本因素之一。针对大学生在常规的业余训练中加大柔韧性的练习,能有效提高体能训练的质量,从而达到训练目的,提高运动成绩。     

双模态冲压发动机燃烧室流场数值模拟研究

在三维、粘性、湍流及有化学反应的Navier-Stokes方程基础上，通过有限化学反应速率／涡扩散模型模化湍流燃烧，对以H2为燃料的双模态冲压发动机燃烧室流场进行了研究，分析了空燃比、燃料入射角、飞行马赫数对燃烧室工作模态的影响，并分析了燃烧室隔离段的作用。     

基于气动辅助变轨的变气动外形飞行器概念研究--最优控制律问题

从一个天地往返飞行器的上升轨道和再入返回轨道的优化，以及适用不同飞行任务的变轨要求的气动外形问题，提出一项基于气动力辅助变轨的变气动外形飞行器的新概念研究。对于一个固定气动外形飞行器要同时满足上升轨道有效载荷最大和再入轨道热流峰值、过载峰值及机动性能约束下的成本最低往往是困难的。若同时满足不同飞行任务：飞往太空站的运输任务，空间拦截和交会机动巡航任务及星际探测任务，则更为困难，实际上是不可能的。文章研究基于气动力辅助变轨，在热流约束下，气动外形参数变化对最优控制的影响。其结论为：热流约束下的最优控制解，包括考虑推力协同变轨，除了在非约束弧的滚转角不直接受气动外形影响外，其余的控制律，升力系数和滚转角都是气动外形参数和攻角的函数。因而变气动外形可作为一项新技术，即通过气动外形参数变化和相应的变轨策略而获得性能和成本都最佳的用途很广的一种新型飞行器。     

考虑瞬态特性的无人机自适应容错控制设计

针对固定翼无人机纵向轨迹跟踪控制问题,基于反馈线性化和模型跟随控制设计基础控制器,实现无故障情况下闭环系统的稳定和轨迹渐近跟踪控制。考虑固定翼无人机的执行器可能发生不同类型及大小的故障,分别针对各种不同故障模式设计与之对应的补偿控制器。为综合解决执行器故障的多重不确定性问题,采用加权融合与自适应控制相结合的方式设计综合控制器结构,并对与故障相关的控制器参数进行估计。最后,通过在基础控制器设计中添加H∞补偿项,以抑制故障补偿控制器参数估计误差对闭环系统输出跟踪性能造成的不利影响。理论分析和仿真结果表明,所提出的控制方案不仅能保证闭环系统的稳定性,而且在发生不确定执行器故障的情况下,固定翼无人机姿态控制系统输出能渐近跟踪给定的参考模型输出,通过设计适当的H∞补偿器参数可以改善故障补偿控制过程中的瞬态性能。     

机翼前缘结冰对大飞机纵向模态特性的影响

结冰导致飞机气动特性恶化,进而影响飞行品质。针对机翼前缘结冰条件下飞机全包线范围飞行品质评估问题,提出了基于自适应拟配初值的等效系统拟配方法,构建了机翼前缘结冰构型,并通过数值模拟得到背景飞机机翼前缘结冰气动数据。建立了飞机系统模型,进行升降舵倍脉冲操纵,进而得到飞机的响应数据。分析数据特征计算了自适应拟配初值,在飞机全包线范围内干净构型及不同结冰严重程度条件下进行了等效系统拟配,获得了纵向短周期飞行模态特性参数,进而得出相应的飞行品质等级。仿真结果表明：结冰会对飞机模态特性造成影响,使得飞行品质降低,严重时可能导致飞行品质发生降级。     

A two-step weighted least-squares method for joint estimation of source and sensor locations: A general framework

It is well known that the Two-step Weighted Least-Squares(TWLS) is a widely used method for source localization and sensor position refinement. For this reason, we propose a unified framework of the TWLS method for joint estimation of multiple disjoint sources and sensor locations in this paper. Unlike some existing works, the presented method is based on more general measurement model, and therefore it can be applied to many different localization scenarios.Besides, it does not have the initialization and local convergence problem. The closed-form expression for the covariance matrix of the proposed TWLS estimator is also derived by exploiting the first-order perturbation analysis. Moreover, the estimation accuracy of the TWLS method is shown analytically to achieve the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB) before the threshold effect takes place. The theoretical analysis is also performed in a common mathematical framework, rather than aiming at some specific signal metrics. Finally, two numerical experiments are performed to support the theoretical development in this paper.     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on lateral-directional aerodynamic characteristics

Experimental investigation of large amplitude yaw-roll coupled oscillations was conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel using an aircraft configuration model. A special test rig was designed and constructed to provide different coupled motions from low to high angles of attack.A parameter ‘‘coupling ratio" was introduced to indicate the extent of yaw-roll coupling. At each pitch angle, seven coupling ratios were designed to study the yaw-roll coupling effects on the lateraldirectional aerodynamic characteristics systematically. At high angles of attack, the damping characteristics of yawing and rolling moments drastically varied with coupling ratios. In the coupled motions with the rotation taking place about the wind axis, the lateral-directional aerodynamic moments exhibited unsteady characteristics and were different from the ‘‘quasi-steady" results of the rotary balance tests. The calculated results of the traditional aerodynamic derivative method were also compared with the experimental data. At low and very high angles of attack, the aerodynamic derivative method was applicative. However, within a wide range of angles of attack, the calculated results of aerodynamic derivative method were inconsistent with the experimental data, due to the drastic changes of damping characteristics of lateral-directional aerodynamic moments with yaw-roll coupling ratios.