基于逆最优问题的最优制导律及特性分析

在典型的能量最优制导律基础上,将制导律的2个特征根从有限的点/线区域扩展到所有可能的正实根区域,进而提出制导律中的逆最优问题。详细讨论了逆最优问题中性能指标加权矩阵的构造过程,给出了加权矩阵和Riccati矩阵的计算公式;将控制权矩阵选为time-to-go的负n次幂的形式,对加权矩阵的求解进行了举例说明。对8组不同的特征根研究结果表明,尽管每一对可能的特征根取值都能找到最优解释,但这并不能保证与其对应的制导律都能达到与典型能量最优制导律类似的制导性能,特征根取值越靠近典型能量最优制导律,则相对应的制导特性也越接近。     

《汽车检测技术》课程教学改革研究

针对目前《汽车检测技术》课程教学中存在的问题,本文从课堂形式创新、学生思维方式培养、学习渠道拓展、考核方式改革等方面进行了教学改革的研究,以提高学生的学习兴趣和动手能力。在教学实践活动中,这些改革取得了良好的效果,可为专业相关课程的教学改革提供一定的借鉴。     

A Simulation of the Mid-and Low-latitude Ionospheric Electric Fields

A theoretical model of ionospheric electric fields at mid- and low-latitudes is developed. In the geomagnetic dipolar coordinate system, the ionospheric dynamo equations were solved, and the ionospheric electric potential and electric field were derived respectively. Major parameters for the model inputs, such as the neutral winds, the densities and temperatures of electron, ions and neutrals, are obtained from empirical models. The global ionospheric electrical potential and field at mid- and low-latitudes derived from our model are largely in agreement with the results presented by other authors and the empirical model. Using our model, it is found that the diurnal component of the HWM93 wind mainly contributed to the formation of the vertical electric field, while the semidiurnal component mainly contributed to the zonal electric field. Finally, by adjustment of the input F region winds and conductivities, most discrepancies between our model and the empirical one can be eliminated, and it is proved that the F region dynamo is the most significant contribution to the electric fields.      

C/SiC复合材料铣削表面完整性研究

采用PCD刀具进行了C/SiC复合材料的铣削加工实验,通过观察加工表面/亚表面损伤,分析了C/SiC复合材料铣削加工表面形成机制,并结合切削力讨论了铣削参数对加工表面形貌和粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明,C/SiC材料以脆性断裂方式实现去除;加工表面存在纤维的层状脆断、拔出和纤维束断裂等现象;碳纤维区域粗糙度随铣削参数的变化规律与表面微观形貌基本一致;提高切削速度能改善表面质量,增大切深会使表面质量严重恶化,每齿进给量对表面质量影响较小。     

Aircraft Electric Anti-skid Braking System Based on Fuzzy-PID Controller with Parameter Self-adjustment Feature

The principle of electric braking system is analyzed and an anti-skid braking system based on the slip rate control is proposed. The fuzzy-PID controller with parameter self-adjustment feature is designed for the anti-skid braking system. The dynamic model of aircraft ground braking is established in the simulation environment of MATLAB/SIMULINK, and simulation results of dry runway and wet runway are presented. The results show that the fuzzy-PID controller with parameter self-adjustment feature for the electric anti-skid braking system keeps working in the state of stability and the brake efficiencies are increased to 93% on dry runway and 82% on wet runway respectively.     

Flapping Characteristics of 2D Submerged Turbulent Jets in Narrow Channels

Flapping characteristics of the self-excited flapping motion of submerged vertical turbulent jet in narrow channels are studied theoretically and experimentally. It is found that the water depth is a most important parameter to the critical jet exit velocity and the jet flapping frequency. The results indicate that the critical jet exit velocity increases with water depth and the jet flapping frequency is inversely proportional to the water depth. Mean-while, experimental result also shows that the surface disturbance wave changes the frequency of flapping motion, i.e. the flapping frequency locks-in the disturbing frequency when the disturbing frequency is near and less than the natural flapping frequency.     

碳纤维增强树脂基断裂的数值模拟研究

基于断裂力学模型,通过应用Abaqus大型商用软件,建立碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料断裂实验的模型,计算了该模型的断裂韧性J积分,研究了用J积分来表征碳纤维增强树脂基断裂韧性特征,其结果表明了使用本文方法的有效性。     

载人深空探测磁场主动辐射防护技术研究

基于单粒子轨道理论和蒙特卡洛方法建立了一种磁场主动屏蔽防护分析方法,针对理想磁场构型分析了屏蔽磁场强度、厚度和结构对屏蔽效果的影响。研究结果表明：屏蔽效率随磁刚度BL增大且当磁刚度BL一定时,增加磁场强度B比增加磁场厚度L更有效;对于有限长屏蔽磁场构型,端盖区需加强防护;桶状区与端盖区采用直线型屏蔽磁场的构型防护效果最好,能够对典型银河宇宙线能谱屏蔽90%的高能粒子。     

空间高能粒子与器件布线层核反应后次级粒子LET分布研究

空间高能质子和重离子是导致元器件发生单粒子效应的根本原因,为准确评估元器件在轨遭遇的单粒子效应风险,必须清楚高能质子、重离子与器件材料发生核反应的物理过程及生成的次级重离子LET（Line EnergyTransfer）分布规律。针对典型CMOS工艺器件模拟计算了不同能量质子和氦核粒子在器件灵敏单元内产生的反冲核、平均能量及线性能量转移值,并分析了半导体器件金属布线层中重金属对次级重离子LET分布的影响规律。计算结果表明：高能粒子与器件相互作用后产生大量次级重离子,且高能质子作用后产生的次级粒子的LET值主要分布为0～25MeV·cm²/mg;高能氦核粒子作用后产生的次级粒子的LET值主要分布为0～35 MeV·cm²/mg;有重金属钨（W）存在时能提高次级粒子的LET值,增加了半导体器件发生单粒子效应的概率,该研究结果可为元器件单粒子效应风险分析、航天器抗单粒子效应指标确定提供重要依据。     

近月空间带电粒子环境——“嫦娥1号”“嫦娥2号”观测结果

“嫦娥1号”（CE-1）、“嫦娥2号”（CE-2）都安装了1台太阳高能粒子探测器（High-energetic ParticlesDetectors,HPD）和2台太阳风离子探测器（Solar Wind Ion Detectors,SWIDs）,进行了月球轨道200 km和100 km空间环境探测,获得了月球轨道空间高能带电粒子（质子、电子和重离子）能谱随时间的演化特征、等离子体与月球相互作用特征以及太阳风离子速度、密度和温度参量。空间环境探测数据分析结果表明：太阳活动低年、空间环境扰动水平相对较低、月球处于太阳风中时,近月空间带电粒子环境的基本特征与行星际空间相比变化不大。CE-1、CE-2在轨运行期间,发现了多起0.1～2 MeV能量电子急剧增加事件,这些事件发生在月球从太阳风运动到磁尾的所有空间区域,其中20%的事件伴随着卫星周围等离子体离子加速。模拟和统计研究表明：能量电子急剧增加使得绕月卫星和月球表面电位大幅下降导致了离子加速现象的发生;能量电子总流量大于10¹¹ cm^-2时,绕月卫星和月球表面充电电位可达负的上千伏。此外,月表溅射与反射太阳风离子、太阳风“拾起”离子等空间环境事件的发现,揭示了太阳风离子和月球存在复杂的相互作用过程。