改进型滑模变结构电机控制的脉振电流注入法研究

为了提高永磁同步电机无位置传感器技术的控制性能,在电机动态品质优化的研究中,以滑模变结构控制器替代传统的PI控制器,采用新型趋近律函数改进滑模控制器的输出模型,削弱了传统滑模控制存在的抖振,提高了控制系统的抗干扰能力。在分析无位置传感器技术时,引入高通谐振滤波器,采用具备以高信噪比为特点的两相静止坐标系下高频脉振电流注入法。仿真结果表明,在带高通谐振滤波器的高频脉振电流注入法中运用滑模变结构控制器,提高了转子位置估计的精度,增强了控制系统的鲁棒性。     

电机变频控制实现换热器节能的应用研究

结合寒冷地区气候特点与通信机房温控的现状,针对50%浓度乙二醇溶液为工质的换热器,试验研究了自然冷源利用率与换热器自身变频节能的关系。结合乙二醇冷剂的特性,通过建立功率与频率关系模型、温差与功率和频率关系模型,实现了换热器循环泵和风机的变频控制策略。结果表明:在室内外温差、换热功率与循环泵、风机频率同时满足的条件下,以功率模型作为参数进行换热器自身的变频节能是可行的。通过对哈尔滨地区的气候数据与散热房控温试验分析,证明了乙二醇换热器的变频节能效果。     

Coupled Lagrangian impingement spray model for doublet impinging injectors under liquid rocket engine operating conditions

To predict the effect of the liquid rocket engine combustion chamber conditions on the impingement spray, the conventional uncoupled spray model for impinging injectors is extended by considering the coupling of the jet impingement process and the ambient gas field. The new coupled model consists of the plain-orifice sub-model, the jet-jet impingement sub-model and the droplet collision sub-model. The parameters of the child droplet are determined with the jet-jet impingement sub-model using correlations about the liquid jet parameters and the chamber conditions.The overall model is benchmarked under various impingement angles, jet momentum and offcenter ratios. Agreement with the published experimental data validates the ability of the model to predict the key spray characteristics, such as the mass flux and mixture ratio distributions in quiescent air. Besides, impinging sprays under changing ambient pressure and non-uniform gas flow are investigated to explore the effect of liquid rocket engine chamber conditions. First, a transient impingement spray during engine start-up phase is simulated with prescribed pressure profile. The minimum average droplet diameter is achieved when the orifices work in cavitation state, and is about 30% smaller than the steady single phase state. Second, the effect of non-uniform gas flow produces off-center impingement and the rotated spray fan by 38°. The proposed model suggests more reasonable impingement spray characteristics than the uncoupled one and can be used as the first step in the complex simulation of coupling impingement spray and combustion in liquid rocket engines.     

Drag derived altitude aided navigation method

The navigation problem of the lifting reentry vehicles has attracted much research interest in the past decade.This paper researches the navigation in the blackout zone during the reentry phase of the aircraft,when the communication signals are attenuated and even interrupted by the blackout zone.However,when calculating altitude,a pure classic inertial navigation algorithm appears imprecise and divergent.In order to obtain a more precise aircraft altitude,this paper applies an integrated navigation method based on inertial navigation algorithms,which uses drag derived altitude to aid the inertial navigation during the blackout zone.This method can overcome the shortcomings of the inertial navigation system and improve the navigation accuracy.To further improve the navigation accuracy,the applicable condition and the main error factors,such as the atmospheric coefficient error and drag coefficient error are analyzed in detail.Then the damping circuit design of the navigation control system and the damping coefficients determination is introduced.The feasibility of the method is verified by the typical reentry trajectory simulation,and the influence of the iterative times on the accuracy is analyzed.Simulation results show that iterative three times achieves the best effect.     

CVD技术制备Ta/W层状复合材料

运用化学气相沉积(Chemical Vapor Deposition,CVD)技术制备了W体积分数分别10%,13%和18%的Ta/W两层层状复合材料,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和室温拉伸实验对复合材料的性能进行分析。结果表明:运用CVD技术可以制备W体积分数不同,且密度优于理论密度99.4%的层状复合材料;复合材料中Ta,W层的晶粒均为柱状晶粒,离界面越近,晶粒越细;沉积态复合材料的力学性能优于纯CVD Ta和CVD W;1600℃×2 h的热处理后,复合材料的界面扩散层宽度显著增大,力学性能高于沉积态的力学性能,最高抗拉强度可达660 MPa。     

基于测量试验数据修正有限元模型质量矩阵

对无阻尼结构系统有限元模型质量矩阵修正问题,以该矩阵修正量的F-范数为目标函数,并以待修正质量矩阵应具有的性质,如满足正交关系,对称性,半正定性和稀疏性作为约束条件,数学上形成带约束的矩阵最佳逼近问题。给出了问题有解的条件,基于循环投影方法,提出了求解矩阵最佳逼近问题的数值方法。数值结果说明了所给方法的有效性。     

面向分析的产品建模技术概述

针对当前面向制造的产品模型对产品设计后续数值模拟阶段的适应性不足的问题,为提高产品几何模型与分析模型转换效率,分析了产品模型在数值模拟中的表达形式,总结了面向分析的建模所面临的问题,归纳出面向分析的建模需求,通过改进现有的参数化建模方法,提出了面向分析的产品建模技术及其结构框架,最后以涡轮叶片为例,创建能够适应后续数值模拟的涡轮叶片模型,在一定程度上降低了叶片设计分析一体化的难度,同时对其他高质量数字化模型的创建也有一定的参考价值。     

弧齿锥齿轮啮合迹方向角的主动设计方法

为了实现弧齿锥齿轮设计规定的啮合迹方向,以局部综合法为基础,结合轮齿接触分析技术和无约束优化方法,进行弧齿锥齿轮啮合迹方向角的主动设计,给出了1种实现齿面参考点处啮合迹目标方向角的设计方法。通过1对弧齿锥齿轮的实例演示,论证了该方法对弧齿锥齿轮啮合迹方向角进行主动设计的可行性。结果表明:局部综合法中的输入啮合迹方向角必须小于旋转轴平面中规定的角度;在调整啮合迹方向角的过程中,传动误差曲线没有发生畸变。     

涡轮叶片疲劳-蠕变寿命稳健性优化方法

为了清晰地反映涡轮叶片的疲劳-蠕变交互作用,提高寿命预测结果的准确性及可靠性,并改善涡轮叶片疲劳寿命对随机变量的敏感程度,分别采用Manson-Coffin公式和Larson-Miller方程计算了涡轮叶片的低循环疲劳寿命和蠕变持久寿命,利用修正的时间-寿命分数法计算了涡轮叶片疲劳-蠕变损伤,在此基础上,将响应面法(RSM)与果蝇优化算法(FFOA)相结合,考虑载荷、材料参数、疲劳-蠕变交互程度的不确定性,对涡轮叶片疲劳寿命进行了稳健性优化设计。优化结果表明:涡轮叶片疲劳-蠕变小时寿命的概率区间减小了8.48%,验证了该优化方法的工程可行性。     

基于计算机视觉/GPS/MG姿态测量的盲人行走组合导航方法研究

电子导盲辅助装置(ETA)是解决盲人出行困难的重要手段,而导航是ETA的关键技术.现有的ETA主要用GPS来定位定向,但在城市环境中经常存在GPS信号遮挡导致导航信息丢失的问题.针对该问题,利用视觉导航短时间内定位精度高,输出连续的优点以及 MG(Magnetic Gravity)姿态测量可补偿姿态积累误差的优点,提出一种基于视觉、GPS和MG姿态测量的盲人行走组合导航算法.该方法构建系统误差模型并以Kalman滤波为框架.仿真和实验结果表明,提出的组合导航算法准确度优于单独的导航算法,满足盲人户外安全出行导航的需求.