星光折射航天器自主定轨方案比较

当星光透射大气发生折射时 ,用星光折射角精确地反映星光在大气中离地球表面的高度 ,并建立高度、航天器与地球的几何关系。通过对折射角进行观测 ,间接测得地平 ,从而改善了用地平仪直接测地平所造成的航天器自主导航精度低的不足。本文提出了几种利用星光折射的航天器自主定轨方案 ,并作了细致的仿真实验 ,对直接和间接两种测量地平方法以及几种星光折射自主定轨方案进行了分析比较。     

Ariane transfer vehicle in service of man in orbit

The Ariane transfer vehicle (ATV), an Ariane 5 borne, unmanned propulsion vehicle, is designed to transport the logistics needed to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) and the man tended free flyer (MTFF) step 2 with pressurized and unpressurized cargo and to dispose the waste. The ATV is an expendable vehicle and is disposed of by a safe atmospheric burn up. In accordance with the AR5 schedule it should be operational in 1996 for missions toward ISS and beyond the year 2000 for MTFF 2 missions. The main constituents of the proposed ATV are the modified AR5 third stage L5, an upgraded VEB steering the launcher as well as the ATV and the P/L-adaptor providing mechanical and umbilical links to the payload. The mechanical part of the RVD-kit will be placed on the payload-module, the main RVD sensors are located on the adaptor and the needed computer intelligence will be integrated on the VEB. To minimize the development, and recurring costs, the ATV concept fully complies to the idea of maximum use of existing hardware and software, mainly from the AR5, Hermes and Columbus programs thus minimizing development and recurring costs. The ATV is compatible to ISS, MTFF and OMV and is able to transport logistic modules compatible with NSTS and U.S.-expendable launchers.     

固体火箭发动机结构可靠性评估方法的探讨

对战术导弹固体火箭发动机的结构可靠性评估方法及其应用作了述评，并以某空空导弹发动机为例进行了计算、比较。与其他方法相比，有验前信息的贝叶斯法能较好地反映发动机的实际结构可靠性水平，是一种较为合理、有效的评估方法，并提出了基于应力－强度干涉仪模型的变量分析法将是发动机结构可靠性评估的一个发展方向     

非线性系统的高阶线性化方法及其在二阶摄动制导中的应用

本文讨论了非线性系统相对于标称轨道的高阶线性化方法。文中在一阶线性展开的基础上,提出了高阶误差项的补偿方法,导出了计算二阶补偿项系数的线性方程组,并给出了补偿项的计算公式。然后,采用所得方法研究了飞行器的二阶摄动制导方法。     

航天飞行器防热部件烧蚀行为的数值模拟

对航天飞行器防热部件在氧－煤油发动机火焰喷吹下的烧蚀行为进行了有限元数值模拟。利用“杀死”单元的方法建立防热部件瞬态温度场的有限元模型，实现了烧蚀边界的退缩，从而完成了对烧蚀尺寸变化的定量描述。烧蚀开始于4．59s，到12s时线烧蚀量为1．47mm。计算结果与试验的实测结果一致。     

LISA — a study of the ESA cornerstone mission for observing gravitational waves

The primary objective of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is to detect and observe gravitational waves from massive black holes and galactic binaries in the frequency range 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻¹ Hz. This low-frequency range is inaccessible to ground-based interferometers because of the unshieldable background of local gravitational noise and because ground-based interferometers are limited in length to a few km. LISA is an ESA cornerstone mission and recently had a system study (Ref. 1) carried out by a consortium led by Astrium, which confirmed the basic configuration for the payload with only minor changes, and provided detailed concepts for the spacecraft and mission design. The study confirmed the need for a drag-free technology demonstration mission to develop the inertial sensors for LISA, before embarking on the build of the flight sensors. With a technology demonstration flight in 2005, it would be possible to carry out LISA as a joint ESA-NASA mission with a launch by 2010 subject to the funding programmatics. The baseline for LISA is three disc-like spacecraft each of which consist of a science module which carries the laser interferometer payload (two in each science module) and a propulsion module containing an ion drive and the hydrazine thrusters of the AOCS. The propulsion module is used for the transfer from earth escape trajectory provided by the Delta II launch to the operational orbit. Once there the propulsion module is jettisoned to reduce disturbances on the payload. Detailed analysis of thermal and gravitational disturbances, a model of the drag-free control and of the interferometer operation confirm that the strain sensitivity of the interferometer will be achieved.     

按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统

本文提出了一个按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统的方法。它能使系统具有满意的动态品质,同时对系统参数的变化及非线性产生的影响具有较强的鲁棒性。该设计方法具有通用性和程序化,系统实现简单。     

ILD智能交通流量测试仪

介绍一种交通流量测试仪，它具有高灵敏度、高信噪比、传输距离远，可以准确地测量机动车、自行车流量，且成本低。由于该仪器设置了驱动变送器，采用了一种新的传输结构，引入了微机技术，模式识别等技术，从而研制出性能稳定、操作方便、实用性强且具有国际先进水平的道路交通流量测试装置。     

1553B与CAN总线的互连

介绍了 1553 B与 CAN总线的互连方法 ,并分析了互连的实时性与可靠性 ,指出 CAN总线相对于 1553 B的优缺点。     

CBERS-1卫星CCD相机零级图像处理研究

CCD相机是CBERS - 1卫星上的主要有效载荷之一。利用其接收的可见光和近红外谱段的图像 ,可以在国民经济的各个生产部门 ,诸如国土资源调查、农业、林业、地矿、水利、环境、生态等方面得到广泛应用。但是由于探元和光学系统成像的物理机制和各种干扰等因素影响 ,地面接收到的数据必须经过处理才能应用。文章介绍的内容就是将这种图像数据经图像预处理 ,得到零级图像 ;经过相应的辐射校正 ,得到一级图像 ;经过几何校正 ,得到二级图像产品 ,提供给其它部门加以应用