月球卫星精密定轨

随着空间应用需求的日益增大,深空探测已成为现实,而月球显然是人类走向深空的首选目标。发射月球探测器通常分3个阶段,其运动状态分别对应3种不同类型的轨道:近地停泊轨道、地月转移轨道和绕月轨道。月球是1个慢自转天体且无大气,就轨道解而言这些因素导致环月卫星的运动与地球卫星有所差别。本文针对月球探测任务的特点,从月球与地球的差别入手,在仔细分析月球卫星的受力状况前提下,着重阐述月球探测器在环月段精密定轨的方法原理和具体实现过程。     

塞式喷管气动特性与性能研究

对6单元瓦状塞式喷管、6单元圆转方内喷管塞式喷管和1单元直排塞式喷管进行了实验和数值模拟研究.实验表明,3个塞式喷管具有良好的高度补偿特性和较高的效率,6单元瓦状塞式喷管和1单元直排塞式喷管在设计高度的效率接近100%;由于内喷管型面不够理想和加工时存在的缺陷,6单元圆转方内喷管塞式喷管的设计点效率在95%左右.数值模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好,结合实验和数值模拟分析了外界反压对气流,进而对底部气动特性的影响.实验研究了底部二次流流量变化对性能的影响.     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl–ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl–ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples pas-sivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those pas-sivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti:Ni=9.01:1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

DC Characteristics of Gamma-ray Irradiated SiGe HBT in Comparison with Si BJT

The changes of DC characteristics of SiGe HBT after being submitted to γ-ray irradiation of 700 krad, 7 000 krad and 10 000 krad were compared to those of Si BJT. Generally speaking, Ib and Ib–Ib0 increase with the doses increasing. For SiGe HBT, with the doses increasing, Ic and Ic–Ic0 as well as the related changes of the current gain (β) will decrease at higher Vbe, while for Si BJT, with the doses increasing, after irradiation, Ib and Ic–Ic0 increase; β and its related changes also decrease with their differences, however, tending to be very small at high doses of 7 000 krad and 10 000 krad. Moreover, given the same doses, the decreases of β are much larger than SiGe HBT, which shows that SiGe HBT’s anti-radiation performance proves to be better than Si BJT. Still, in SiGe HBT, some strange phe-nomena were observed: Ic–Ic0 will increase after the radiation of 7 000 krad in less than 0.65 V and as will β in less than 0.75 V. The mechanism of radiation-induced change in DC characteristics was also discussed.     

Effects of the Fabrication Processes of NC-Si:H Films on Their Mechanical Properties

Studies of nanoindentation were performed on nc-Si:H films to evaluate the effects of the fabrication processes on their mechani-cal properties. It is observed that with the decrease of the SiH4 contents, the grain size of the films increases gradually, and as does the crystalline volume fraction. The smaller the grains become, the more homogeneous the films, and the more even the hardness as well as the modulus will be. The hardness and the modulus will increase with the substrate’s temperature rising. The hardness and the modulus of the nc-Si:H films on the Si substrate prove to be higher than those on the glass substrate given the same technology parameters. How-ever, the films on the glass substrate appear to be more homogeneous.     

LY12CZ铝合金的腐蚀损伤特性研究

通过开展LY12CZ铝合金在EXCO溶液中的预腐蚀试验研究，详细观察了试验现象，利用金相试样分析的手段获得了试件的腐蚀深度数据，并对腐蚀深度数据进行了统计分析．给出了分布特征参数。采用单侧容限系数法．确定了不同置信度和可靠度下的腐蚀深度，建立了其腐蚀深度随时间的变化关系。参照HB5455—90的腐蚀等级标准，对腐蚀损伤进行了量化分级。     

吸波材料在飞行器隐身设计中的应用研究

基于多目标优化理论,提出雷达吸波材料在物体表面涂敷位置的优化设计方法。利用电磁波的干涉原理和材料的吸波性能,通过设计吸波材料在飞行器表面的涂敷位置,研究局部涂敷吸波材料所能获得的隐身效果。以某飞行器模型为例开展吸波材料隐身技术研究,实现了雷达散射截面减缩与材料增重之间的优化与折衷。     

OpenGL在雷达图像实时显示中的应用

介绍了利用OpenGL实现图像显示的基本原理,主要探讨了在图形显示硬件的支持下,通过OpenGL光栅操作功能实现图像的实时显示。测试表明这种方法能够达到较大图像数据量实时显示的要求。     

塞式喷管底部特性研究

基于实验数据和数值模拟结果,研究了外界反压和底部二次流对塞式喷管底部的影响。实验表明,底部压强分布相对较均匀,底部在不同外界反压下具有不同的气动状态。如果主流在底部受压缩,底部有气动开放的趋势;如果主流在底部受膨胀,底部有气动闭合的趋势;如果底部同时存在压缩和膨胀,其状态与受到压缩和膨胀的相对强弱有关。二次流的注入使底部开闭过渡点的压比值升高,底部闭合后的压强值增大,有利于防止底部开闭过渡时推力出现较大幅度降低。二次流流量达到主流的2.0％后,加大底部二次流流量不再影响底部压强,过多地注入反而会降低塞式喷管的总体效率,1.5％~2.0％主流流量的二次流注入是比较好的选择。     

转换式高速直升机RD15方案

首先对目前各种类型的高速直升机进行了分析,在此基础上提出了一种旋翼/机翼转换式高速方案;然后对此方案的旋翼系统的气动特性和关键技术——直升机/飞机模式转换过程中盘翼的仰角、桨叶的长度、转速以及桨距等参数的变化进行了理论和试验研究,提出了高速直升机RD15的总体方案,并设计了直升机/飞机模式转换过程。计算表明,该方案在直升机/飞机模式相互转化过程中升力、功率和操纵的改变能够实现平滑连续并保持操稳性。