可调静子旋转凸台位置对端区流动的影响

对包含凸台的可调静子模型进行简化,研究了不同凸台位置对端区流动的影响.通过实验测量与数值模拟对比可以发现:可调静子端区流动损失主要是由叶片气动负荷引起的泄漏及气流绕过凸台造成的掺混2个部分组成;通过合理优化设计,将凸台置于气动负荷高的叶片前缘并覆盖尽可能多的前缘间隙,能够有效降低损失,改善气动性能.      

Flow Stability Model for Fan/Compressors with Annular Duct and Novel Casing Treatment

A three-dimensional compressible flow stability model is presented in this paper, which focuses on stall inception of multi-stage axial flow compressors with a finite large radius annular duct configuration for the first time. It is shown that under some assumptions, the stability equation can be obtained yielding from a group of homogeneous equations. The stability can be judged by the non-dimensional imaginary part of the resultant complex frequency eigenvalue. Further more, based on the analysis of the unsteady phenomenon caused by casing treatment, the function of casing treatment has been modeled by a wall impedance condition which is included in the stability model through the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions of the system. Finally, some experimental investigation and two numerical evaluation cases are conducted to validate this model and emphasis is placed on numerically studying the sensitivity of the setup of different boundary conditions on the stall inception of axial flow fan/compressors. A novel casing treatment which consists of a backchamber and a perforated plate is suggested, and it is noted that the open area ratio of the casing treatment is less than 10%, and is far smaller than conventional casing treatment with open area ratio of over 50%, which could result in stall margin improvement without obvious efficiency loss of fan/compressors.     

Large-scale Vacuum Vessel Design and Finite Element Analysis

The vacuum plume effects experimental system (PES) is the first experimental system designed to study the effects of vacuum plume in China. The main equipment, a vacuum chamber of 5.5 m in diameter and 12.8 m in length, and structure design of hinged door are described. The finite element method (FEM) is adopted to analyze the static strength and stability of the PES vacuum chamber. It is demonstrated that the static strength and stability are qualified. For the 5.5 m diameter vacuum chamber door, three design schemes are put forward. After comparisons are made, the single-axis-double-pin hinged door is selected. The FEM is applied to checking its static strength as well as distortions. The results show that the door’s distortion and displacement change mainly due to the gravity of the door which leads to its sinking. The calculated displacement is less than 7.8 mm, while the actual measurement is 5 mm. The single-axis-double-pin hinged door mechanism completely satisfies the design requirements. This innovative structure can be introduced as a reference for the design of large-scale hinged doors.     

压气机转子叶尖间隙对其性能的影响

针对某六级高压压气机,利用全三维数值模拟方法,分析了高压压气机转子叶尖间隙变化对其性能的影响.其中重点分析了叶尖间隙在0.0 mm、0.1 mm、0.2 mm、0.3 mm、0.4 mm、0.5 mm时,高压压气机内部流场的变化,以及总参数(流量、压比、效率)的变化.结果表明:随着转子叶尖间隙的增大,间隙内流动的能量增加,效率明显下降,流量也随之下降.本研究可为压气机叶尖间隙控制及全三维数值模拟提供参考.     

金属材料表面涂层损伤的非线性超声评价

提出了一种金属材料表面涂层损伤的非线性超声评价方法。表面涂层的损伤以及涂层与基体材料间的界面粘接状况与超声信号的非线性效应密切相关。将存在表面涂层的AZ31镁铝合金试件加载到不同的拉伸载荷后,利用RitecSNAP-0.25-7-G2非线性超声测试系统激发和接收Rayleigh表面波,通过实验测试在不同载荷作用后涂层试件的声学非线性系数。研究结果表明,在应力不超过某一极限值的情况下,虽然不能观察到试件表面涂层外观的明显变化,但通过非线性超声实验测试得到的声学非线性系数随着加载应力的增加而不断增加。因此,对具有表面涂层的结构来说,可利用声学非线性系数对其表面涂层的损伤进行非线性超声无损评价。     

近空间高超声速飞行器惯性导航系统Simulink仿真研究

近空间高超声速飞行器具有高动态性特点,能实现精确打击,要保证其高精度,导航系统是关键。惯性导航技术具有可靠性好、输出连续的优点,是近空间巡航飞行器的核心导航系统。本文利用Simulink与M语言结合完成对近空间高超声速飞行器惯性导航系统的仿真研究。构建了近空间高超声速飞行器惯性导航系统的Simulink仿真模型,通过对静基座下的惯导导航误差进行分析,验证了仿真系统的正确性。对近空间高超声速飞行器的航迹进行了仿真,分析了飞行速度对向心加速度及哥氏加速度的影响,对开展近空间高超声速飞行器惯性导航系统的研究具有良好的参考意义。     

亚轨道飞行器返回轨迹快速优化

快速、准确、鲁棒的轨迹生成方法可以增加任务的安全性与可靠性,极大地降低成本。针对亚轨道飞行器返回段特点,引入"伪控制量"、"末端进场走廊"等概念,分别采用高斯伪谱法和向前拉道伪谱法进行了返回轨迹快速优化研究,比较了两种伪谱法在处理复杂问题时的能力。仿真结果表明,向前拉道伪谱法不适合处理含控制量约束的问题,而高斯伪谱法在满足各种约束条件下,能够快速准确地生成亚轨道飞行器返回轨迹,同时验证了结果的可行性与最优性。     

临近空间飞行器多物理场耦合建模的网格映射方法

临近空间飞行器的研制面临许多复杂的问题和挑战,涉及总体、气动、结构、控制、防热、动力等多个学科和专业领域的相互作用、高度耦合的子系统。全系统、全流程的仿真验证与性能评估能够为设计工作提供重要依据,缩短研制周期。而气动、结构、防热等专业的仿真建模和模型解算基于有限体积法或有限元方法,依赖于不同的工具软件,且网格的划分方法不同。本文研究了临近空间高超声速飞行器多物理场耦合建模方法,研究并实现了异构网格耦合界面之间与耦合域之间的信息传递方法,从而实现了临近空间高超声速飞行器的多物理场耦合建模与仿真。     

某空间光学遥感器的振动抑制及装星应力卸载技术应用

文章从某空间光学遥感器对振动抑制与装星应力卸载的需求出发,针对性地设计了一种阻尼隔振器。通过理论分析及实际应用研究证明:该隔振器不仅能够对遥感器在发射主动段的振动响应进行一定抑制,而且兼顾了遥感器在与卫星装配时装配应力的有效卸载,减少了对光学系统的影响,提高了该遥感器对天、地观测任务的可靠性。     

空射制导武器捷联惯导系统传递对准技术研究

研究了基于"速度+方位角"匹配的弹载捷联惯导系统的传递对准问题。首先介绍了方位角测量偏置产生的原因,以及与方位失准角的关系。推导了主、子惯导方位失准角的计算方法,并对方位失准角估计进行了仿真试验。在此基础上分析建立了传递对准卡尔曼滤波方程,并对弹载捷联惯导系统的传递对准进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该"速度+方位角"匹配的捷联惯导系统精度控制在0.05°内,能够满足空射制导武器初始对准精度的要求。