三元共掺杂对YSZ热障涂层热物理性能的影响

采用NiO、Er_2O_3、Yb_2O_3、Y-2O_3、ZrO_2粉末为原料,用高温固相合成法制备复合陶瓷材料,研究该复合陶瓷材料的比热、热扩散系数、热导率等热物理性能,并与传统8YSZ热障涂层材料进行对比。利用XRD测定所制备的陶瓷样块的晶体结构和物相组成,分析该陶瓷试样的物相组成及高温相稳定性。结果表明:NiO、Er_2O_3、Yb_2O_3共掺YSZ后,室温至1500℃范围内的热扩散系数为0.36～0.56 mm^2/s,与8YSZ相比,降低了约20%;室温至1500℃的热导率为1.45～1.55 W/(m·K),比8YSZ降低了18%;2EYNYSZ陶瓷材料具有单一的相结构,经1500℃热处理100 h之内不发生相变。     

(100)/(111)面金刚石膜抗氧等离子刻蚀能力

使用微波等离子体技术(microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition,MPCVD)对膜厚100μm的(100)和(111)晶面金刚石膜进行刻蚀处理,研究其抗氧等离子体的行为。结果表明:(100)晶面刻蚀首先发生在晶棱晶界处,而(111)晶面金刚石的刻蚀首先发生在晶面处;30 min刻蚀后,(100)面金刚石有明显晶面显现,(111)面金刚石膜晶面不明显;60 min刻蚀后,(100)和(111)晶面金刚石膜的择优取向消失;(100)晶面金刚石特征峰的半高宽值(full width at the half maximum,FWHM)由刻蚀前的8.51 cm^–1上升至刻蚀后的12.48 cm^–1,(111)晶面金刚石FWHM值由8.74 cm^–1上升至148.49 cm^–1;(100)晶面金刚石膜刻蚀速率在40 min时为0.35μm/min,60 min时上升至1.34μm/min;刻蚀前期,(100)晶面金刚石膜具有更好的抗氧等离子体刻蚀能力,刻蚀后期其抗刻蚀能力与(111)晶面金刚石膜相似。     

锂氟化碳电池用新型高比容量复合正极材料

采用提高正极材料比容量以改善大电流放电性能的思路,设计新型高比容量复合正极材料,并通过研磨分散结合融化扩散热处理方法制备氟化碳-硫复合正极材料。电化学测试分析表明新型复合材料可以实现同步改善容量和大电流放电性能,同时具有二次可逆循环充放电能力。研究结果表明:氟化碳-硫复合正极材料的能量密度和功率密度性能具有突出优势,在不同电流密度下均可实现显著的提升,相比纯氟化碳材料的能量密度和功率密度最高可分别提升 433%和 10.7%。     

民用飞机复合材料舱门优化设计

复合材料因其具有比刚度大、比强度高、可设计性强等特点而被广泛应用到民用飞机结构上。针对宽体复合材料舱门设计方案,建立有限元模型进行初步分析,然后以刚度设计要求和强度设计要求为约束条件,对复合材料舱门结构的铺层比例进行了优化,达到了复合材料舱门的减重目的。优化后复合材料舱门的重量降低了10%以上,并且满足所有刚度和强度设计要求。本文所做研究为复合材料气密舱门减重提供了一种有效的方法,并且为类似结构的设计提出了参考建议,在工程上具有一定的指导意义。     

基于STM32F429的全向运动平台的运动控制

全向运动平台系统是可以实现人体在各个方位行走的2D运动平台。针对实现人体在全向运动平台稳定行走的运动控制,采用加入观测器的一阶控制算法对平台运动控制进行探究。先通过MATLAB软件进行算法的仿真,验证方法的可行性;再通过现场测试,验证控制算法的有效性。最终试验表明,加入观测器的一阶控制算法可对全向运动平台实现有效的运动控制。此运动控制策略的探究为全向运动平台的运动控制提供了一种可行的控制思路和方案。     

基于全过程移动监督技术的感应电机定子绕组温度实时监测系统

随着物联网技术的发展,如何将物联网技术与非侵入式电力设备运行状态监测技术相结合成为当前研究热点之一。为了探索基于物联网技术的电气设备运行状态监测新模式,以感应电机定子绕组温度的非侵入式在线监测为出发点,首先提出了一种基于自适应法和最小二乘法的电机定子绕组温度辨识方法,并结合当前物联网技术的发展,设计了一种基于全过程监督技术的感应电机全寿命周期监督定子温度监测系统。以1台5.5 kW感应电机为例进行试验验证,结果表明该系统具有较强的鲁棒性。所提出的理念和技术可以为其他大型电力设备的状态监测提供重要参考和技术支撑。     

An innovative study on low surface energy micronano coatings with multilevel structures for laminar flow design

Laminar flow design is one of the most effective ways to reduce the drag of a commercial aircraft by expanding the laminar flow region on the surface of the aircraft. As material science develops, the emergence of new materials such as low surface energy materials has offered new choices for laminar flow design of commercial aircraft. Different types of low surface energy micro-nano coatings are prepared to verify the effects on the boundary layer transition position and the drag of the airfoil through wind tunnel tests. The infrared thermal imaging technology is adopted for measuring the boundary layer transition, while the momentum integral approach is employed to measure the drag coefficient through a wake rake. Infrared thermal imaging results indicate that the coatings are capable of moving backward the boundary layer transition position at both a low velocity of Mach number 0.15 and a high velocity of Mach number 0.785. Results of the momentum integral approach demonstrate that the drag coefficients are reduced obviously within the cruising angle of attack range from 1° and 5° by introducing the low surface energy micro-nano coating technology.     

Sensitivity analysis for probabilistic anti-resonance design of aeronautical hydraulic pipelines

In an uncertainty scheme, reliability and global sensitivity analysis is studied in this work, to provide helpful information for probabilistic anti-resonance design of vibration systems.Discussions show that the resonance failure problem can be viewed as a series system, in which input uncertainties are modeled by random variables. In order to quantitatively measure the contributions of input variables to the system reliability, a global sensitivity index is proposed, the properties of which are also discussed. Then the proposed index is tested with an aeronautical hydraulic pipeline system, which is under the excitation of pump vibration and at a risk of resonance failure. Sensitivity results under different failure criteria and variation coefficients are obtained and studied, from which significant and insignificant input variables can be identified.The proposed method provides a relatively new insight for anti-resonance design of engineering structures.     

Hypervelocity impact induced shock acoustic emission waves for quantitative damage evaluation using in situ miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network

Manmade debris and natural meteoroids, travelling in the Low Earth Orbit at a speed of several kilometers per second, pose a severe safety concern to the spacecraft in service through the HyperVelocity Impact(HVI). To address this issue, an investigation of shock Acoustic Emission(AE) waves induced by HVI to a downscaled two-layer Whipple shielding structure is performed,to realize a quantitative damage evaluation. Firstly a hybrid numerical model integrating smoothparticle hydrodynamics and finite element is built to obtain the wave response. The projectiles, with various impact velocities and directions, are modelled to impact the shielding structure with different thicknesses. Then experimental validation is carried out with built-in miniaturized piezoelectric sensors to in situ sense the HVI-induced AE waves. A quantitative agreement is obtained between numerical and experimental results, demonstrating the correctness of the hybrid model and facilitating the explanation of obtained AE signals in experiment. Based on the understanding of HVI-induced wave components, assessment of the damage severity, i.e., whether the outer shielding layer is perforated or not, is performed using the energy ratio between the regions of ‘‘high frequency" and ‘‘low frequency" in the acquired AE signals. Lastly, the direct-arrival fundamentalsymmetric wave mode is isolated from each sensing signal to be input into an enhanced delay-andsum algorithm, which visualizes HVI spots accurately and instantaneously with different sensor network configuration. All these works demonstrate the potential of quantitative, in situ, and real time HVI monitoring using miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network.     

第一届航空CFD可信度研讨会总结

总结了第一届航空可信度研讨会(AeCW-1)的数值模拟结果。AeCW-1会议由中国空气动力学会计算空气动力学专委会主办,并在第一届空气动力学大会上做了专题研讨。本次研讨会吸引了14家单位参与,共提交了26组计算结果。活动的主要目的是针对典型运输机巡航构型,评估国内CFD当前技术状态,探索CFD进一步发展的研究方向,促进CFD验证和确认工作的开展,为大型客机的研制提供技术支撑。AeCW-1选择的研究模型为中国空气动力研究与发展中心(CARDC)设计的单通道运输机模型(CHN-T1),CHN-T1包括机身/机翼/平尾/立尾等部件,分别在CRADC的2.4m×2.4m风洞(FL-26)、欧洲的2.4m×2.0m风洞中(European Transonic Wind Tunnel,ETW)开展了风洞试验。AeCW-1组委会提供了系列结构网格和非结构网格,研究工况主要包括网格收敛性研究、抖振特性研究、雷诺数影响研究,风洞模型支撑装置和静气动弹性变形对数值模拟结果的影响是重要的研究内容。本文对提交组委会的数值模拟结果进行统计分析,并与FL-26及部分ETW的风洞试验结果进行了对比,对未来的研究工作提出了意见和建议。