Sensitivity analysis for probabilistic anti-resonance design of aeronautical hydraulic pipelines

In an uncertainty scheme, reliability and global sensitivity analysis is studied in this work, to provide helpful information for probabilistic anti-resonance design of vibration systems.Discussions show that the resonance failure problem can be viewed as a series system, in which input uncertainties are modeled by random variables. In order to quantitatively measure the contributions of input variables to the system reliability, a global sensitivity index is proposed, the properties of which are also discussed. Then the proposed index is tested with an aeronautical hydraulic pipeline system, which is under the excitation of pump vibration and at a risk of resonance failure. Sensitivity results under different failure criteria and variation coefficients are obtained and studied, from which significant and insignificant input variables can be identified.The proposed method provides a relatively new insight for anti-resonance design of engineering structures.     

Hypervelocity impact induced shock acoustic emission waves for quantitative damage evaluation using in situ miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network

Manmade debris and natural meteoroids, travelling in the Low Earth Orbit at a speed of several kilometers per second, pose a severe safety concern to the spacecraft in service through the HyperVelocity Impact(HVI). To address this issue, an investigation of shock Acoustic Emission(AE) waves induced by HVI to a downscaled two-layer Whipple shielding structure is performed,to realize a quantitative damage evaluation. Firstly a hybrid numerical model integrating smoothparticle hydrodynamics and finite element is built to obtain the wave response. The projectiles, with various impact velocities and directions, are modelled to impact the shielding structure with different thicknesses. Then experimental validation is carried out with built-in miniaturized piezoelectric sensors to in situ sense the HVI-induced AE waves. A quantitative agreement is obtained between numerical and experimental results, demonstrating the correctness of the hybrid model and facilitating the explanation of obtained AE signals in experiment. Based on the understanding of HVI-induced wave components, assessment of the damage severity, i.e., whether the outer shielding layer is perforated or not, is performed using the energy ratio between the regions of ‘‘high frequency" and ‘‘low frequency" in the acquired AE signals. Lastly, the direct-arrival fundamentalsymmetric wave mode is isolated from each sensing signal to be input into an enhanced delay-andsum algorithm, which visualizes HVI spots accurately and instantaneously with different sensor network configuration. All these works demonstrate the potential of quantitative, in situ, and real time HVI monitoring using miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network.     

过虚拟交班点的能量最优制导律

针对固定目标的导弹过虚拟交班点制导问题,在希尔伯特空间下,基于最优化理论设计了有无终端落角约束两种情况下的全局能量最优制导律。通过对模型进行线性化,将提出的最优制导模型转化为线性二次型最优控制问题,在此基础上利用零控脱靶量（ZEM）概念对系统模型进行降阶,并推导出解析解。设计的制导律可以使导弹准确经过虚拟交班点,并实现期望终端落角。仿真结果表明,与经典制导律对比,该制导律可以显著减少全局控制能量消耗。     

Real-time object tracking via least squares transformation in spatial and Fourier domains for unmanned aerial vehicles

This paper addresses the problem of real-time object tracking for unmanned aerial vehicles. We consider the task of object tracking as a classification problem. Training a good classifier always needs a huge number of samples, which is always time-consuming and not suitable for realtime applications. In this paper, we transform the large-scale least-squares problem in the spatial domain to a series of small-scale least-squares problems with constraints in the Fourier domain using the correlation filter technique. Then, this problem is efficiently solved by two stages. In the first stage, a fast method based on recursive least squares is used to solve the correlation filter problem without constraints in the Fourier domain. In the second stage, a weight matrix is constructed to prune the solution attained in the first stage to approach the constraints in the spatial domain. Then, the pruned classifier is used for tracking. To evaluate proposed tracker's performance, comprehensive experiments are conducted on challenging aerial sequences in the UAV123 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed approach achieves a state-ofthe-art tracking performance in aerial sequences and operates at a mean speed of beyond 40 frames/s. For further analysis of proposed tracker's robustness, extensive experiments are also performed on recent benchmarks OTB50, OTB100, and VOT2016.     

第一届航空CFD可信度研讨会总结

总结了第一届航空可信度研讨会(AeCW-1)的数值模拟结果。AeCW-1会议由中国空气动力学会计算空气动力学专委会主办,并在第一届空气动力学大会上做了专题研讨。本次研讨会吸引了14家单位参与,共提交了26组计算结果。活动的主要目的是针对典型运输机巡航构型,评估国内CFD当前技术状态,探索CFD进一步发展的研究方向,促进CFD验证和确认工作的开展,为大型客机的研制提供技术支撑。AeCW-1选择的研究模型为中国空气动力研究与发展中心(CARDC)设计的单通道运输机模型(CHN-T1),CHN-T1包括机身/机翼/平尾/立尾等部件,分别在CRADC的2.4m×2.4m风洞(FL-26)、欧洲的2.4m×2.0m风洞中(European Transonic Wind Tunnel,ETW)开展了风洞试验。AeCW-1组委会提供了系列结构网格和非结构网格,研究工况主要包括网格收敛性研究、抖振特性研究、雷诺数影响研究,风洞模型支撑装置和静气动弹性变形对数值模拟结果的影响是重要的研究内容。本文对提交组委会的数值模拟结果进行统计分析,并与FL-26及部分ETW的风洞试验结果进行了对比,对未来的研究工作提出了意见和建议。     

飞行仿真气动力数据机器学习建模方法

基于机器学习思想,提出了一种大空域、宽速域的气动力建模方法。该方法利用飞行仿真弹道数据辨识的气动力数据,采用人工神经网络技术,实现了对高度、速度、姿态和舵偏角等多维度强非线性特性的全弹道气动力数据的高精度逼近。首先,分析了神经网络层数、隐含层神经元个数等对建模误差的影响,通过对典型弹道气动数据的神经网络建模计算,确定了较合适的神经网络层数和较优的隐层神经元个数。进而,利用飞行仿真的弹道数据辨识出沿弹道的气动力,采用神经网络建立了包含多个弹道融合的气动力模型,输出量分别为三轴气动力系数和力矩系数。最后通过气动模型输出量与原样本数据的对比,以及4条未参与训练弹道气动数据的预测,验证了该气动力建模方法具有较高的精度。建模结果表明:采用神经网络方法建立的飞行器气动力模型,对拟合多源耦合输入全弹道非线性气动力是可行的和有效的,在样本覆盖的高度、速度、姿态和控制舵偏角范围内,气动力拟合能力较强,并具有一定的外推性。该项研究可以为基于飞行试验数据的气动建模提供新的方法,并且能为飞行器气动力数据挖掘、飞行仿真和总体性能分析提供参考。     

纵向波纹隔热屏气膜冷却特性实验

针对加力燃烧室纵向波纹隔热屏气膜冷却效果开展了细致的实验研究,利用红外热像仪测量了隔热屏壁面的温度分布,分析了隔热屏板型、吹风比、开孔率等参数对气膜冷却效率的影响。实验中板型选取了平板和纵向波纹隔热屏,吹风比变化范围是0.5~3.0,开孔率变化范围是1.4%~3.7%。结果表明:相比于平板隔热屏的气膜冷却效率沿程逐渐增加,纵向波纹隔热屏的气膜冷却效率随波纹板的起伏而起伏且大于平板隔热屏;随着吹风比的增加气膜冷却效率逐渐加大,在吹风比为3.0时达到最大值;气膜冷却效率在波峰处低,波谷处高,整体上随波纹板的起伏而波动,吹风比越小,气膜冷却效率随波纹板的起伏变化越明显;高吹风比(吹风比为2.0~3.0)下,气膜冷却效率沿程变化与增幅较为缓慢;整体上,随着开孔率的增加气膜冷却效率逐渐加大,小开孔率(开孔率为1.4%、2.7%)下的气膜冷却效率相差不大,但在次流背风侧,开孔率小的气膜冷却效率要小于开孔率大的气膜冷却效率。      

Reliable flight performance assessment of multirotor based on interacting multiple model particle filter and health degree

Multirotor has been applied to many military and civilian mission scenarios. From the perspective of reliability, it is difficult to ensure that multirotors do not generate hardware and software failures or performance anomalies during the flight process. These failures and anomalies may result in mission interruptions, crashes, and even threats to the lives and property of human beings. Thus, the study of flight reliability problems of multirotors is conductive to the development of the drone industry and has theoretical significance and engineering value. This paper proposes a reliable flight performance assessment method of multirotors based on an Interacting Multiple Model Particle Filter (IMMPF) algorithm and health degree as the performance indicator. First, the multirotor is modeled by the Stochastic Hybrid System (SHS) model, and the problem of reliable flight performance assessment is formulated. In order to solve the problem, the IMMPF algorithm is presented to estimate the real-time probability distribution of hybrid state of the established SHS-based multirotor model, since it can decrease estimation errors compared with the standard interacting multiple model algorithm based on extended Kalman filter. Then, the reliable flight performance is assessed with health degree based on the estimation result. Finally, a case study of a multirotor suffering from sensor anomalies is presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

惯导系统旋转机构轴承动力学建模方法研究

旋转机构是旋转调制捷联惯导系统的关键部件之一。为了精确模拟旋转机构的动力学特性,研究了支撑旋转轴系的双列球轴承的动力学建模方法,提出了使用Bushing单元来建立同时具有径向移动刚度、轴向移动刚度和径向角刚度的三向刚度轴承动力学模型的方法。利用有限元数值仿真方法计算了三向刚度数值,并利用轴承手册上的经验公式进行了验证。在此基础上,建立了含弹性轴承支撑的旋转调制捷联惯导系统旋转机构的结构动力学有限元模型,分析比较了轴承有无角刚度两种状态下的固有模态。分析结果表明:对于旋转调制捷联惯导系统旋转机构来说,轴承模型角刚度对计算精度的影响较大,角刚度已知的模型更接近真实情况。     

加筋复合材料壁板失稳后持续承载能力研究

文中通过拟协调层板单元的复合材料壁板非线性理论分析,并通过帽形长桁专项分析模型对加筋复合材料壁板稳定性/失稳后,持续承载分析失效模式与损伤演化,进行理论研究和仿真模拟。结合盒段级试验结果,全方位验证理论计算结果,并摸清结构破坏模式,为最大限度发挥材料结构承载能力,提高结构效率,提升质量控制能力、完善轻质高效结构稳定性/失稳后持续承载设计体系,提供必要的数据支持和技术参考。