Model of a fluxtube with a twisted magnetic field in the stratified solar atmosphere

We build a single vertical straight magnetic fluxtube spanning the solar photosphere and the transition region which does not expand with height. We assume that the fluxtube containing twisted magnetic fields is in magnetohydrostatic equilibrium within a realistic stratified atmosphere subject to solar gravity. Incorporating specific forms of current density and gas pressure in the Grad–Shafranov equation, we solve the magnetic flux function, and find it to be separable with a Coulomb wave function in radial direction while the vertical part of the solution decreases exponentially. We employ improved fluxtube boundary conditions and take a realistic ambient external pressure for the photosphere to transition region, to derive a family of solutions for reasonable values of the fluxtube radius and magnetic field strength at the base of the axis that are the free parameters in our model. We find that our model estimates are consistent with the magnetic field strength and the radii of Magnetic bright points (MBPs) as estimated from observations. We also derive thermodynamic quantities inside the fluxtube.     

Channel Measurement/Modeling for Airport Surface Communications: Mobile and Fixed Platform Results

We provide examples of measurement and modeling results for wireless channel characteristics around airport surface areas. This is done for three settings: two mobile settings and one non-mobile setting, in the 5 GHz Microwave Landing System extension band. New findings, useful for communication system design in this environment, are reported.     

The benefits of remote sensing for energy policy

A strong remote sensing regime is a necessary component of any contemporary national or international energy policy. Energy is essential to the functioning of modern industrial society, and as such it is the responsibility of governments to produce sound national energy policies in order to ensure stable economic growth, ecologically responsible use of energy resources and the health and safety of citizens. Comprehensive, accurate and timely remote sensing data can aid decision making on energy matters in several areas. This paper looks at the benefits that can be realized in resource exploration, weather forecasting and environmental monitoring. Improvements in the technology of remote sensing platforms would be of great value to buyers of energy, sellers of energy and the environment. Furthermore, the utility of such information could be enhanced by efforts of government agencies to communicate it more effectively to the end-user. National energy policies should thus include investments not only in satellite system hardware to collect data, but also in the services required to interpret and distribute the data.     

多序列激光阴影成像技术研究及应用

为获取超高速碰撞过程中弹丸的飞行姿态及碰撞所产生的碎片云特性,开展了多序列激光阴影成像技术研究。利用多光源空间分离、偏振分光、光束角放大和补偿滤光等技术解决了单色光带来的衍射和干涉噪声以及碰撞瞬间强烈的自发光干扰问题,并先后在碰撞靶上建立了2序列、4序列和8序列激光阴影成像系统。该系统可以获得最小间隔1μs、曝光时间10ns、像素1000万的多个不同时刻的超高速瞬态变化过程图像,并在超高速碰撞靶试验中得到应用,获得了2～7km/s 撞击速度时碎片云的多序列阴影图像,该序列图像清晰地描述了碎片云的轮廓发展变化过程。该技术以低成本的方式实现了超高速摄影机的功能,满足目前碰撞试验粒子的飞行姿态及碎片云显示需要,并可以应用于其它超高速瞬态过程测量及流场结构显示。     

200m自由飞弹道靶升级改造

200m自由飞弹道靶是国内唯一一座具备开展气动力、气动物理、材料抗粒子云侵蚀及超高速碰撞等地面试验研究的综合性弹道靶设备。为满足高超声速飞行器发展的进一步需求,2009年起气动中心对200m 自由飞弹道靶进行了升级改造,升级设备包括发射器系统、靶室/真空系统、测控系统、模型姿态测量系统等。改造后的发射器系统将新增203mm和120mm口径二级轻气炮,具备0．5～30kg模型发射速度0．3～5km/s 的发射能力;靶室由原来的Ф1．5m洞体升级至Ф3m洞体,同时配备新的真空设备,实现0～80km高度模拟;测控系统将扩大测试视场以满足大模型测控需要;模型姿态测量系统除阴/纹影照相系统外,还将新增双目前光成像定位系统、脉冲X射线成像测量系统等测试设备。改造后的200m自由飞弹道靶将成为大中小口径发射器配套齐全,兼具气动力特性、材料抗粒子云侵蚀、高速/超高速碰撞等试验能力的综合性弹道靶设备。     

化学平衡效应对冲压燃烧室性能潜力与工作过程关系的影响分析

为了研究化学平衡效应对冲压发动机燃烧室性能潜力以及工作过程关系的影响,分析了考虑和不考虑化学平衡效应的准一维分析方法获得的三种典型冲压燃烧室工作过程与性能潜力的差别。研究结果表明,化学平衡效应减小了燃料的燃烧效率、燃烧室所需扩张比以及比冲,改变了高飞行马赫数下燃烧室扩张比与性能的对应关系;不考虑化学平衡效应时,亚声速燃烧室的最大比冲略优于双模态燃烧室,亚声速燃烧室和双模态燃烧室的最大比冲都出现在特征马赫数最小时;当考虑化学平衡效应时,双模态燃烧室的最大比冲略优于亚声速燃烧室,亚声速燃烧室的最大比冲出现在特征马赫数1时,双模态燃烧室的最大比冲在飞行马赫数4,5,6,7时分别出现在特征马赫数0.3,0.4,0.7和1.5附近;在高飞行马赫数时,应研究确切的化学反应过程,以确切协调燃烧室设计关系。      

国外空间激光通信技术的发展现状与趋势

为了满足日益增长的大数据量、高速数据传输速率的需求，NASA、ESA、JAXA等航天机构正在开启空间激光通信技术的时代。各国纷纷在GEO-LEO、LEO-LEO、LEO-地面，以及地-月等不同轨道验证了激光通信终端的在轨性能。介绍了国外开展的激光通信技术演示验证试验情况，重点介绍了以月球激光通信演示验证试验（LLCD）为代表的深空激光通信技术，以及以半导体星间链路为代表的星间激光通信技术。通过阐述国外激光通信技术的发展现状，分析了激光通信技术的未来发展趋势。期望通过该技术的研究，对我国激光通信技术的发展提供参考借鉴。     

Multifunctional Martian habitat composite material synthesized from in situ resources

The two primary requirements for a Martian habitat structure include effective radiation shielding against the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) environment and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. To significantly reduce the cost associated with transportation of such materials and structures from earth, it is imperative that such building materials should be synthesized primarily from Martian in situ resources. This paper illustrates the feasibility of such an approach. Experimental results are discussed to demonstrate the synthesis of polyethylene (PE) from a simulated Martian atmosphere and the fabrication of a composite material using simulated Martian regolith with PE as the binding material. The radiation shielding effectiveness of the proposed composites is analyzed using results from radiation transport codes and exposure of the samples to high-energy beams that serve as a terrestrial proxy for the GCR environment. Mechanical and ballistic impact resistance properties of the proposed composite as a function of composition, processing parameters, and thermal variations are also discussed to evaluate the multifunctionality of such in situ synthesized composite materials.     

广布损伤的试验研究与有限元分析

 通过对无钉载3排平行孔平板和无钉载3排交错孔平板从无裂纹开始的疲劳试验,发现应力大小对是否出现广布损伤(MSD)有重要影响,首裂孔和断裂排位不总是一一对应。在试验中观察到了MSD的竞争现象,证实了群发小裂纹也是MSD中一种重要的破坏形式。采用FRANC2D/L建立了对生裂纹、非对生裂纹和单裂纹3种开裂模式的有限元模型。计算结果表明:短裂纹扩展过程中,裂纹间干涉效应不明显,3种模式的应力强度因子增长趋势相近;而对于长裂纹,试验和有限元计算都证明了裂纹间的干涉显著地加快了裂纹的扩展。     

On a Recent Breakthrough on the Dual-Spin Stabilization Theory

The events that took place during the past years, and which ultimately led to the development of a new concept for a spinning stabilizer, are discussed.