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81.
J. D. Anderson J. W. Armstrong J. K. Campbell F. B. Estabrook T. P. Krisher E. L. Lau 《Space Science Reviews》1992,60(1-4):591-610
The gravitation and celestial mechanics investigations during the cruise phase and Orbiter phase of the Galileo mission depend on Doppler and ranging measurements generated by the Deep Space Network (DSN) at its three spacecraft tracking sites in California, Australia, and Spain. Other investigations which also rely on DSN data, and which like ours fall under the general discipline of spacecraft radio science, are described in a companion paper by Howard et al. (1992). We group our investigations into four broad categories as follows: (1) the determination of the gravity fields of Jupiter and its four major satellites during the orbital tour, (2) a search for gravitational radiation as evidenced by perturbations to the coherent Doppler link between the spacecraft and Earth, (3) the mathematical modeling, and by implication tests, of general relativistic effects on the Doppler and ranging data during both cruise and orbiter phases, and (4) an improvement in the ephemeris of Jupiter by means of spacecraft ranging during the Orbiter phase. The gravity fields are accessible because of their effects on the spacecraft motion, determined primarily from the Doppler data. For the Galilean satellites we will determine second degree and order gravity harmonics that will yield new information on the central condensation and likely composition of material within these giant satellites (Hubbard and Anderson, 1978). The search for gravitational radiation is being conducted in cruise for periods of 40 days centered around solar opposition. During these times the radio link is least affected by scintillations introduced by solar plasma. Our sensitivity to the amplitude of sinusoidal signals approaches 10-15 in a band of gravitational frequencies between 10-4 and 10-3 Hz, by far the best sensitivity obtained in this band to date. In addition to the primary objectives of our investigations, we discuss two secondary objectives: the determination of a range fix on Venus during the flyby on 10 February, 1990, and the determination of the Earth's mass (GM) from the two Earth gravity assists, EGA1 in December 1990 and EGA2 in December 1992. 相似文献
82.
S. Mereghetti G. F. Bignami P. A. Caraveo A. Goldwurm G. G. C. Palumbo 《Space Science Reviews》1985,40(3-4):495-501
A new EXOSAT (LE/CMA) observation of the region in Crux (R.A. 11h 45m, Dec. -62°) where Markert et al. (1981) reported the existence of two x-ray SNR's is presented. After cleaning the CMA field from the point source component, due to the UV emission of the numerous stars in the field, the smoothed x-ray contours are compared to the 408 MHz radio map of Caswell et al. (1983). The existence of two, well-separate x-ray emission regions is confirmed by EXOSAT, and the current x-ray/radio picture is not sufficent to distinguish clearly between the assumption of one or two (possibly interacting) SNR's in the region. 相似文献
83.
Position and Velocity Estimation Via Bearing Observations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The problem of performing target motion analysis using noisy bearing measurements derived from multiple observation platforms or from a single moving observer is addressed. For the latter case, the properties of an estimator based on a Cartesian model of the process are detailed. Methods of providing estimates both before an observer maneuver, when the process is unobservable, and following an observer maneuver are developed. The results of an experimental study are presented. 相似文献
84.
A. L. Broadfoot B. R. Sandel D. E. Shemansky S. K. Atreya T. M. Donahue H. W. Moos J. L. Bertaux J. E. Blamont J. M. Ajello D. F. Strobel J. C. McConnell A. Dalgarno R. Goody M. B. McElroy Y. L. Yung 《Space Science Reviews》1977,21(2):183-205
The Voyager Ultraviolet Spectrometer (UVS) is an objective grating spectrometer covering the wavelength range of 500–1700 Å with 10 Å resolution. Its primary goal is the determination of the composition and structure of the atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and several of their satellites. The capability for two very different observational modes have been combined in a single instrument. Observations in the airglow mode measure radiation from the atmosphere due to resonant scattering of the solar flux or energetic particle bombardment, and the occultation mode provides measurements of the atmospheric extinction of solar or stellar radiation as the spacecraft enters the shadow zone behind the target. In addition to the primary goal of the solar system atmospheric measurements, the UVS is expected to make valuable contributions to stellar astronomy at wavelengths below 1000 Å. 相似文献
85.
In [1] a scheme for forming a rectangular FIR filter bank is described using only a few percent of the number of multiplications required by straightforward procedures. The sidelobe level suffers degradation. Attention is drawn to a different scheme published in [2] and [3] which needs even fewer multiplications without degradationvof the sidelobe level. 相似文献
86.
Glaser J.S. Witulski A.F. Myers R.G. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1994,30(1):135-143
A constant-frequency diode-clamped series resonant converter (CFCSRC) is proposed as a solution to problems associated with frequency-controlled resonant converters. This converter has two resonant frequencies, and control is achieved by varying the relative time spent at each switching frequency. Two zero-current-switching (ZCS) modes are examined and plotted in the output plane. An equation is given for the boundary between the two ZCS modes, as well as an expression for the boundary between ZCS and non-ZCS operation; both are plotted in the output plane. The output equation for the main mode is shown to be hyperbolic. Converter peak voltages limited to the input voltages, and peak currents are less than those of the frequency-controlled clamped series resonant converter over a large operating range. Data from a prototype converter are compared with theoretical data and are shown to be in good agreement with the theoretical model 相似文献
87.
88.
F.B. Rizzato A.C.-L. Chian M.V. Alves R. Erichsen S.R. Lopes G.I. de Oliveira R. Pakter E.L. Rempel 《Space Science Reviews》2003,107(1-2):507-514
Langmuir waves and turbulence resulting from an electron beam-plasma instability play a fundamental role in the generation
of solar radio bursts. We report recent theoretical advances in nonlinear dynamics of Langmuir waves. First, starting from
the generalized Zakharov equations, we study the parametric excitation of solar radio bursts at the fundamental plasma frequency
driven by a pair of oppositely propagating Langmuir waves with different wave amplitudes. Next, we briefly discuss the emergence
of chaos in the Zakharov equations. We point out that chaos can lead to turbulence in the source regions of solar radio emissions.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
89.
A model for production of episodic -ray event at interaction of a moving gas target with, a beam of relativistic particles is proposed. The typical duration of -ray emission is limited by the flight time of the target across the beam as well as by the time of destruction and/or expulsion of the target by luminous beam. The time-dependent radiation spectra of the expanding and moving gas cloud irradiated by the beam are calculated for the galactic binary systems Her X-1 and AE Aquarii which are reported as episodic -ray emitters at very high energies. Some predictions and observational tests for the model are discussed.On leave from Yerevan Physics Institute, Armenia 相似文献
90.
In this paper the problem of uplink array calibration for deep-space communication is considered. A phased array of many modest-size reflectors antennas is used to drastically improve the uplink effective isotropic radiated power of a ground station. A radar calibration procedure for the array phase distribution is presented using a number of in-orbit targets. Design of optimal orbit and the number of calibration targets is investigated for providing frequent calibration opportunities needed for compensating array elements phase center movements as the array tracks a spacecraft. Array far-field focusing based on the near-filed in-orbit (low Earth orbit (LEO)) calibration targets is also presented and array gain degradation analysis based on the position error of the array elements and in-orbit targets has been carried out. It is shown that errors in the in-orbit targets positions significantly degrade the far-field array gain while the errors in array elements positions are not very important. Analysis of phase errors caused by thermal noise, system instability, and atmospheric effects show insignificant array gain degradation by these factors 相似文献