基因方法在网格结点位置优化中的应用

将基因方法应用于网格结点位置的优化中。文中首先简单介绍了基因优化方法中基于达尔文进化论和Ｍｅｎｄｅｌ基因理论的基本原理,其中包括插索空间表达、三个基因作用器（选择、交配和变异）等要点;然后着重阐述了相关偏微分方程的离散误差和三角形网格几何形状的适应度函数的定义、结点位置的二进制基因表达及基因方法的优化进程。离散误差是在二次非连续彭鼓包（ｂｕｍｐ）函数的空间中近似定义的,并且在点移动过程中相关解的二     

风洞天平不回零校正及修正方法研究

本文报告了一台典型的六分量天平在瑞典航空研究院 MK6校正架上进行回零校正与不回零校正的比较,弄清了不回零校正与回零校正的差别,然后用三种修正方法对不回零校正的载荷进行修正,发现直接投影法修正的效果最好,此方法已用到 FFA 新建的1.5米跨音速风洞的校正架上。     

MMS星座对磁层顶磁通量绳内离子惯性尺度结构的观测

利用MMS观测数据,对磁层顶通量绳内离子惯性尺度（d_i）的结构进行分析研究.结果发现,许多不同尺度（约1d_i至数十d_i）的通量绳内都存在具有d_i尺度的电流 j _m,其方向在磁层顶局地坐标系的-M方向,即与磁层顶查普曼-费拉罗电流同向,由电子在+M方向的运动（ v _em）携带.这些电流结构具有以下特征:磁鞘与磁层成分混合,磁场为开放形态;离子去磁化,电子与磁场冻结;N方向（即垂直于磁层顶电流片方向）的电场 E _n显著增大,幅度达到约20mV·m-1,并伴有明显的尖峰状起伏,该增强和尖峰状起伏的电场对应于霍尔电场.分析表明,电流、电子与离子运动的偏离以及霍尔电场之间遵从广义欧姆定律,三者密切关联.进一步对磁层顶磁重联的探测数据进行分析发现,在很多重联区内也存在与通量绳内相似的结构,其尺度约为d_i量级,其中霍尔电场 E _N、电流 j _M和电子速度 v _eM均与通量绳内对应物理量的方向相同且幅度相近.基于上述观测事实,采用经典FTE通量绳模型,对通量绳内电流、电子运动和霍尔电场的起源进行了初步探讨,认为其来源于磁层顶无碰撞磁重联区内的相应结构,并且后者在离子尺度通量绳的形成过程中起到重要作用.      

关于平皮带及三角皮带传动中的滑动

本文主要讨论皮带传动中的弹性滑动现象。对由于皮带弹性滑动所造成的皮带传动中的速度损失问题提出了新的见解,并对由于皮带弹性滑动所引起的速度损失及功率损失的计算作了论证。作者并对目前一般文献中关于皮带强性滑动现象的叙述及计算作了分析和评论。·译者·     

Operating characteristics of a high radius pre-swirl cooling system

An experimental investigation into pre-swirl effectiveness and receiver hole discharge coefficient characteristics for a high radius injection pre-swirl cooling systems was carried out on a physically representative experimental rig with a 450 mm diameter rotor.The receiver holes and pre-swirl nozzle were located at a radius of 181 mm and 180 mm respectively.The experimental work was mainly conducted at 5 000～12 000 r/min,4 bar absolute pressure and 1.132 kg/s air supply.The maximum air supply temperature was 190 ℃.Pressure and temperature distributions in the pre-swirl system were examined with an emphasis on the velocity effectiveness of the pre-swirl system as a whole and on the discharge coefficients of the rotating 'receiver holes' in the rotor.The results showed that the velocity effectiveness increased with increasing swirl ratio resulting in reduced blade cooling flow temperature.Different seal flow configurations caused very different effectiveness at different speeds,but outflow through the inner and outer seals always gave the highest effectiveness compared other configurations.Increasing the seal flow rate reduced the effectiveness.For the coefficient of discharge,except for the low speed range,it increased with increase in swirl ratio for most speeds.      

The role of AVDR in linear cascade testing

Linear cascade testing plays an important role in the research and development of turbomachinery and is widely used over the world.The ideal cascade model of a turbomachinery blade row is two-dimensional.In actual linear cascade testing, the flow through the test section converges due to the development of the boundary layer and secondary flow along the sidewall surfaces of the test section.Axial velocity density ratio(AVDR) is adopted to account for the deviation of the tested cascade flow from the ideal 2D model.Among numerous published cascade works, the influence of AVDR on cascade performance is seen to be complicated with many affecting factors, such as those related to cascade/blade geometry and flow conditions.Also, controlling AVDR is limited by the facility capability.Furthermore, real blade-to-blade flow in turbomachines is usually associated with AVDR greater than unity due to limited span of blades between the hub and shroud such that cascade testing without reducing AVDR could be favored sometimes.All these facets add complexity and diversification to the matter.The current paper reviews previous studies and results on AVDR.Consolidated understanding on the role of AVDR and recommendations on how to deal with it in linear cascade testing are provided.      

China's Space Activities In 2007

THE FOURTH BEIDOU NAVIGATION EXPERIMENTAL SATELLITE LAUNCHED The fourth Beidou experimental navigation satellite was launched into snace aton a LM-3A launch vehicle at Xichang Satellite Launch Center on February 3 at 00:28(Beijing Time).24 minutes later,the satellite separated from the launch vehicle and     

Debut Flight Of LM-3C:Launching Tianlian-1 Successfully

FY-3A,the first satellite of China's new generation of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites,was launched into space atop a modified LM-4C launch vehicle.The satellite separated from the rocket 19 minutes after the takeoff.Flying at an altitude of 807km with an inclination of 98.8 degrees,the satellite circles in polar orbit 14 times everyday,covering the whole globe twice a day. FY-3A has a design lifetime of three years.Weighing 2295kg,the three-axis stabilized satellite is equipped with 11 remote s...     

基于隐式温度修正的二维热线风速仪校准方法

热线风速仪主要用于湍流流场测量。热线测量的主要误差来源是由环境温度变化导致的热线校准参数的变化。Brunn提出的传统温度效应修正方法在环境温度变化较大的情况下会带来明显的误差。本文经过理论推导,提出了一种新的基于隐式温度修正的二维热线风速仪校准方法,并开展了热线校准实验研究。结果表明:当环境温度变化在4℃范围内时,本文提出的方法与Brunn方法的测量精度相当;当环境温度变化超过4℃时,本文提出的方法的测量精度远高于Brunn方法。