Y12─Ⅱ型飞机结冰对其飞行特性影响的试飞研究

以Ｙ１２─Ⅱ型飞机防冰系统适航验证试飞为例，就确定飞机结冰部位与防护方法，结冰对飞机飞行性能和操稳特性的影响，带冰着陆的可能性及其安全措施等问题进行了分析和讨论。通过飞行试验，初步检查出飞机结冰造成飞机飞行性能的损失和操稳特性的降低。仅在新机研制中，为防冰系统适航性验证工作提供参考。     

尖前缘翼干扰区的壁面压力和热流率分布

本文给出Ｍ＿∞＝７．８和６．７２，Ｒｅ＝３．５×１０￣７／ｍ和５．４×１０￣７／ｍ气流绕迎角为２０°、３０°和３５°尖前缘翼运动时，平板锥型干扰区的壁面压力和热流率分布。结果表明：（１）平板锥型干扰区的特征几何尺度与无粘激波角β＿０和翼迎角α相关，而壁面压力和热流率的峰值与法向马赫数Ｍ＿ｎ相关。（２）翼面压力和热流率分布由于受拐角涡影响，前者在翼根部呈波谷状，而后者呈波峰状，影响尺度与翼前缘处来流边界层厚度有关。     

圆度仪的数字化测量

介绍了对圆度仪的数字化改造方法。讨论了测量数据的数字化处理的方法及利用单纯形法对测量对象圆度进行评定，给出了实际的测量结果。     

大迎角细长旋成体绕流结构演变过程实验研究

 通过烟流显示和测压实验, 系统地观察和分析了尖拱头细长旋成体绕流结构随迎角的演变过程。实验发现在不同迎角下, 不仅细长旋成体绕流结构形态不同, 而且不同流态结构的演变过程所含迎角范围较小,几乎在几度迎角内就可完成。     

Modelling of the electromagnetic field in the interplanetary space and in the Earth's magnetosphere

A magnetohydrodynamic model of the solar wind flow is constructed using a kinematic approach. It is shown that a phenomenological conductivity of the solar wind plasma plays a key role in the forming of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) component normal to the ecliptic plane. This component is mostly important for the magnetospheric dynamics which is controlled by the solar wind electric field. A simple analytical solution for the problem of the solar wind flow past the magnetosphere is presented. In this approach the magnetopause and the Earth's bow shock are approximated by the paraboloids of revolution. Superposition of the effects of the bulk solar wind plasma motion and the magnetic field diffusion results in an incomplete screening of the IMF by the magnetopause. It is shown that the normal to the magnetopause component of the solar wind magnetic field and the tangential component of the electric field penetrated into the magnetosphere are determined by the quarter square of the magnetic Reynolds number. In final, a dynamic model of the magnetospheric magnetic field is constructed. This model can describe the magnetosphere in the course of the severe magnetic storm. The conditions under which the magnetospheric magnetic flux structure is unstable and can drive the magnetospheric substorm are discussed. The model calculations are compared with the observational data for September 24–26, 1998 magnetic storm (Dst _min=−205 nT) and substorm occurred at 02:30 UT on January 10, 1997. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Summary of quantitative interpretation of IMAGE far ultraviolet auroral data

Direct imaging of the magnetosphere by instruments on the IMAGE spacecraft is supplemented by simultaneous observations of the global aurora in three far ultraviolet (FUV) wavelength bands. The purpose of the multi-wavelength imaging is to study the global auroral particle and energy input from the magnetosphere into the atmosphere. This paper describes the method for quantitative interpretation of FUV measurements. The Wide-Band Imaging Camera (WIC) provides broad band ultraviolet images of the aurora with maximum spatial resolution by imaging the nitrogen lines and bands between 140 and 180 nm wavelength. The Spectrographic Imager (SI), a dual wavelength monochromatic instrument, images both Doppler-shifted Lyman-α emissions produced by precipitating protons, in the SI-12 channel and OI 135.6 nm emissions in the SI-13 channel. From the SI-12 Doppler shifted Lyman-α images it is possible to obtain the precipitating proton flux provided assumptions are made regarding the mean energy of the protons. Knowledge of the proton (flux and energy) component allows the calculation of the contribution produced by protons in the WIC and SI-13 instruments. Comparison of the corrected WIC and SI-13 signals provides a measure of the electron mean energy, which can then be used to determine the electron energy flux. To accomplish this, reliable emission modeling and instrument calibrations are required. In-flight calibration using early-type stars was used to validate the pre-flight laboratory calibrations and determine long-term trends in sensitivity. In general, very reasonable agreement is found between in-situ measurements and remote quantitative determinations.     

微型扑翼飞行器的气动建模分析与试验

用计算流体力学的数值模拟方法研究了微扑翼飞行器的扑翼飞行的非定常空气动力学问题。在对昆虫扑翼飞行运动的仿生模拟基础上 ,对实际可飞的微扑翼飞行器的扑翼运动建立了三维翼型的运动学与空气动力学模型。利用任意拉格朗日欧拉 ( ALE)有限元方法求解出 N-S方程的数值解 ,证明简单扑翼布局所提供的升力足以克服微扑翼飞行器本身的重力使其飞行。在此基础上 ,分别计算并分析了拍动幅值、俯仰幅度以及扑翼频率等各种扑翼参数对升力的影响。最后 ,探索性的扑翼风洞试验与飞行试验结果在一定程度上验证了文中计算方法的可行性      

应用于强化传热的相变材料微胶囊的制备及特性

相变材料微胶囊(MEPCM)悬浮液是一种高热容冷却介质,其应用可大幅提高高功率设备液体冷却性能。本文对相变材料微胶囊的制备及其热特性进行了研究,研制了以蜜胺树脂为壁材、22烷为芯材、粒径10微米、不同芯材含量且适合于电子设备液体冷却的双层壁MEPCM。通过光学显微镜以及扫描电镜(SEM)观察到包覆完好的圆球状MEPCM。研究了制备过程中影响粒径以及包覆特性的因素。最后的DSC热分析表明了MEPCM具有很高的蓄热能力。      

塞式喷管效率高度特性分析

通过理论分析,结合塞式喷管具有高度补偿特性的特点,根据气流流动的情况,将塞式喷管的推力分为两部分,建立了两个不同的塞锥表面压力分布的数学模型,来分析塞式喷管发动机效率的高度特性非单调性变化的规律以及塞锥表面压力分布对其的影响。结果表明,在高的环境压强下工作时,由塞式喷管的高度补偿能力所获得的推力是引起效率高度特性曲线非单调变化的原因;在低的环境压强下工作时,由于塞锥的截短,效率高度特性曲线在设计点之前达到最大值。      

叶片包容性计算的软件实现

基于英国和俄罗斯叶片包容性设计方法和理论,应用VB语言开发了叶片包容性计算软件。以某型发动机第1级涡轮叶片为例,用该软件计算了叶片包容性和满足包容性条件下的最小机匣厚度。根据实际要求,也可以用该软件确定满足包容性要求的各设计参数