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941.
V.M. Lipunov 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,3(10-12)
The general aproach is considered which describs the evolution of neutron stars in terms of their interaction with surrounding matter. All possible states of neutron stars are classified from this point of view. Classification and evolution of binaries contaning neutron stars are also considered. 相似文献
942.
P. Cerroni G. Martelli 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(12):97-102
It is suggested that the UV radiation, and shock and plasma phenomena which accompanied the hypervelocity impacts of solid bodies (meteorites and comets) onto the surface of the young Earth may have contributed to the synthesis of prebiotic organic molecules in the primitive atmosphere in a larger amount than was thought previously. The mechanisms responsible for this synthesis are discussed using information obtained from recent experimental and theoretical work on macroscopic hypervelocity impacts. 相似文献
943.
S. Cazes J. Charra N. Coron B. Cougrand J.-F. Crifo J. Crovisier C. Emerich R. Gispert B. Gondet G. Guyot D. Harduin J.-M. Lamarre G. Levanti C. Maurel D. Parisot F. Rocard P. Salvetat A. Soufflot T. Encrenaz 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(9):273-276
The IKS infrared spectro-photometer will fly on board the VEGA platforms. It is designed to characterize the size, temperature and emissivity of the Comet Halley nucleus, to identify the major gaseous components of the inner coma and to detect the emission of the cometary grains. This paper presents the “calibration” experiments required to reduce the raw data: (i) absolute wavelength calibration of the filter wheels; (ii) modeling of the internal signal, as a function of the temperature of the different sub-systems; (iii) absolute and spectral responsivities of each of the spectrometric and photometric channels, as a function of the wavelength and position of the source in the field of view. Finally, we shall indicate the expected S/N ratios. 相似文献
944.
I. Kutiev P. Marinov K.B. Serafimov 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(1):119-121
A set of data including over 1400 transition level (TL) encounters of the OGO-6 satellite is used to construct analytical presentations of this altitude upon dip-latitude and longitude. The formula represents the TL variation between ± 50° dip-latitude and 20 h and 04 h local time interval. The data were obtained in the high solar activity period in 1969 and 1970. 相似文献
945.
P Todd J T Walker 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(10):187-197
High energy, high-Z (HZE) particles are present in high-altitude and high-inclination satellite orbits. Most of the HZE dose above LET = 200 keV/micrometer is due to Fe nuclei. Individual HZE particles can damage several cells adjacent to one another along the particle track in tissue. The outcome has been described as a "microlesion" by D. Grahn. The present study attempts to define conditions for microlesions in specific tissues, to seek biological evidence that microlesions are produced, and to evaluate the microlesion as a potentially useful unit of dose in assessing hazards to spaceworkers. Microlesions in individuals cells and hair follicles have been described. Microbial studies have provided some evidence for independent secondary electron action. Whether or not a few hundred microlesions would be damaging to the whole organism depends upon the nature of damage to critical tissues. For example, cancer may occur if microlesions kill several cells in a straight line and mutate other cells alongside the particle track. Fe particle irradiation of the mouse Harderian gland (Fry et al., this issue) produces tumors efficiently. Microlesions in the lens, cornea, and retina need to be considered. Further dialogue is required before a final decision can be made concerning the most appropriate way to assess the HZE hazard. 相似文献
946.
We review the X- and gamma-ray observations of Cygnus X-1 and their theoretical interpretations, with emphasis on new developments since the mid-1970's. The overall data base at present is most consistent with the inverse Compton model by hot thermal electrons of T
e 109 K, for the hard X-ray luminosity (10–200 keV). However, the origin of the soft X-rays ( 10 keV) in high states and gamma rays (> 200 keV) remain unsettled.Operated under DOE Contract W-7405-Eng-48.Partially supported by NASA Grant NGR 05-020-668.NRC/NRL Research Associate. 相似文献
947.
Motion sickness symptoms, stimuli, and drug therapy are discussed. Autogenic feedback training (AFT) methods of preventing motion sickness are explained. Research with AFT indicates that participants who had AFT could withstand longer periods of Coriolis acceleration, participants with high or low susceptibility to motion sickness could control their symptoms with AFT, AFT for Coriolis acceleration is transferable to other motion sickness stimuli, and most people can learn AFT, though with varying rates of learning. 相似文献
948.
P Groza R Vrancianu M Lazar R M Baevski V L Funtova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(10):11-14
Heart rate, systolic time intervals (pre-ejection period, left ventricular ejection time , ejection friction, stroke volume and QT interval of two cosmonauts (Leonid Popov--L.P. and Dumitru Prunariu--D.P.) were studied before, during, and after an ergometric bicycle exercise test performed before and after the seven-day Soviet-Romanian orbital flight on the Soyuz 40-Salyut 6 Complex in May 1981. For this purpose one precordial electrocardiogram (ecg) and the ear photodensitopram (den) were recorded stimulaneously. The method used permitted recording even during exercise, Ecg and den signals were stored on magnetic tape, processed in an analogue device and in a digital computer. The data obtained after landing suggest a slight cardiac deconditioning in L.P., demonstrated especially by augmentation of the pre-ejection period, which was unchanged in D.P. corresponding to a sympathoadrenergic hypertonia. The seven-day orbital flight has not produced important cardiovascular changes. 相似文献
949.
E. Costa M. Salvati G. Agnetta R. Di Raffaele G. Gerardi B. Sacco L. Scarsi E. Massaro B. Agrinier J.C. Christi J.L. Masnou A. Bui-Van J.P. Chabaud P. Frabel P. Mandrou J. Narbonne M. Niel G. Rouaix G. Vedrenne 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1983,3(4):113-116
We present a large area, balloon borne, NaI(Tl) detector for low-energy gamma rays with temporal signature : FIGARO.The main detector is a mosaic of 12 NaI(Tl) tiles 22.5 × 15 × 5 cm, for a total geometric area of 4050 cm2.In the energy band 140 keV - 6 MeV, the expected background counting rate at float altitude is in the range of two to three thousands counts per second.For pulsar analysis the expected 3δ sensitivity for 5 hours exposition time is 2.5 10?4 ph/cm2.s.MeV (150–500 keV) 1.5 10?4 ph/cm2.s.MeV (1–6 MeV). This performance, together with the large effective area and the relatively short duration of a balloon flight, make FIGARO particularly suitable for the identification of sources by means of temporal analysis.For objectives in the Northern sky, including the Crab pulsar, a transmediterranean flight is planned for the summer of 1982 ; a Southern mission is scheduled in Brazil for the fall of 1983 (Vela, PSR 1822-09). 相似文献
950.
V. Sch nfelder K. Bennett H. Bloemen H. de Boer M. Busetta W. Collmar A. Connors R. Diehl J. W. den Herder W. Hermsen L. Kuiper G. G. Lichti J. Lockwood J. Macri M. McConnell D. Morris R. Much J. Ryan G. Stacy H. Steinle A. Strong B. Swanenburg M. Varendorff C. de Vries C. Winkler 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1993,13(12):647-655
COMPTEL is the first imaging telescope to explore the MeV gamma-ray range (0.7 to 30 MeV). At present, it is performing a complete sky survey. In later phases of the mission selected celestial objects will be studied in more detail. The data from the first year of the mission have demonstrated that COMPTEL performs very well. First sky maps of the inner part of the Galaxy clearly identify the plane as a bright MeV-source (probably due to discrete sources as well as diffuse radiation). The Crab and Vela pulsar lightcurves have been measured with unprecedented accuracy. The quasars 3C273 and 3C279 have been seen for the first time at MeV energies. Both quasars show a break in their energy spectra in the COMPTEL energy range. The 1.8 MeV line from radioactive 26A1 has been detected from the central region of the Galaxy and a first sky map of the inner part of the Galaxy has been obtained in the light of this line. Upper limits to gamma-ray line emission at 847 keV and 1.238 MeV from SN 1991T have been derived. Upper limits to the interstellar gamma-ray emissivity have been determined at MeV-energies. Several cosmic gamma-ray bursts within the field-of-view have been located with an accuracy of about 1°. On 1991 June 9, 11 and 15, COMPTEL observed gamma-ray emission (continuum and line) from three solar flares. Also neutrons were detected from the June 9 and June 15 flares. 相似文献