含孔边裂纹各向异性有限板的二维问题

应用边界元法,并结合一种特殊的复变函数基本解,研究了含孔边裂纹的各向异性有限板的应力强度因子修正系数的计算。这种特解边界元法避免了在裂纹附近划分单元,可以获得较好的数值计算精度。通过算例分析,结果表明本方法精度高,运算量小,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

飞行器雷达罩设计方法的研究

详细分析了飞行器雷达罩设计过程中的基本问题。基于多目标优化设计方法建立了雷达罩结构参数求解的数学模型,给出了求解方法。考虑到雷达罩的安全使用要求,分析了雷达罩防雷击部件的基本要求,提出了设计方法,给出了防雷击部件布置的经验公式。同时还研究了用于飞行器雷达罩金属部件的吸波材料电磁波吸收机理,以及吸波材料电性能设计原理和基本布置准则     

基于Petri网的空中交通管制辅助决策系统

空中交通管制系统是生产实际中的一种典型的离散事件动态系统（Ｄｉｓｃｒｅｔｅ ｅｖｅｎｔ ｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓｙｓｔｅｍ,ＤＥＤＳ）,而Ｐｅｔｒｉ网理论是研究ＤＥＤＳ的有力工具之一。为了描述空中交通管制系统受到外部控制的交互机制及层次结构,文中引入Ｐｅｔｒｉ网概念的一类扩充－－开放Ｐｅｔｒｉ网的概念,并用开放Ｐｅｔｒｉ网工中交通管制辅助决策系统进行建模与分析,阐述了空中交通管制辅助决策系统的开放Ｐｅｔｒ     

低速高湍流度90°弯管流动数值模拟

分析了曲率对弯曲管道流动的影响 ,给出了曲率修正的双层 k-ε湍流模型 ,并数值模拟了非均匀来流低速高湍流度 90°弯管内流动。文中比较了曲率修正双层 k- ε湍流模型的计算结果与实验结果 ,以及双层 k- ε湍流模型和逆压力梯度修正双层 k- ε湍流模型的计算结果。通过比较 ,发现经过曲率修正后的双层 k- ε湍流模型更好地模拟了非均匀来流低速高湍流度 90°弯管内流动。同时比较了壁面参数的插值方法 ,发现在弯曲管道流动模拟中对壁面参数进行一阶插值比零阶插值能更好地模拟真实流场     

长征运载火箭飞行过程中二级游机提前或推迟关机问题的探讨

论述了具有小推力飞行段的长征运载火箭在飞行过程中二级游机提前或推迟关机的机理,明确给出了游机可能提前或推迟关机的时间范围,为以后的火箭飞行参数判定提供理论依据。     

A Twin-CME Scenario for Ground Level Enhancement Events

Ground Level Enhancement (GLEs) events are extreme Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events. Protons in these events often reach ～GeV/nucleon. Understanding the underlying particle acceleration mechanism in these events is a major goal for Space Weather studies. In Solar Cycle 23, a total of 16 GLEs have been identified. Most of them have preceding CMEs and in-situ energetic particle observations show some of them are enhanced in ICME or flare-like material. Motivated by this observation, we discuss here a scenario in which two CMEs erupt in sequence during a short period of time from the same Active Region (AR) with a pseudo-streamer-like pre-eruption magnetic field configuration. The first CME is narrower and slower and the second CME is wider and faster. We show that the magnetic field configuration in our proposed scenario can lead to magnetic reconnection between the open and closed field lines that drape and enclose the first CME and its driven shock. The combined effect of the presence of the first shock and the existence of the open close reconnection is that when the second CME erupts and drives a second shock, one finds both an excess of seed population and an enhanced turbulence level at the front of the second shock than the case of a single CME-driven shock. Therefore, a more efficient particle acceleration will occur. The implications of our proposed scenario are discussed.     

Volatile Trapping in Martian Clathrates

Thermodynamic conditions suggest that clathrates might exist on Mars. Despite observations which show that the dominant condensed phases on the surface of Mars are solid carbon dioxide and water ice, clathrates have been repeatedly proposed to play an important role in the distribution and total inventory of the planet’s volatiles. Here we review the potential consequences of the presence of clathrates on Mars. We investigate how clathrates could be a potential source for the claimed existence of atmospheric methane. In this context, plausible clathrate formation processes, either in the close subsurface or at the base of the cryosphere, are reviewed. Mechanisms that would allow for methane release into the atmosphere from an existing clathrate layer are addressed as well. We also discuss the proposed relationship between clathrate formation/dissociation cycles and how potential seasonal variations influence the atmospheric abundances of argon, krypton and xenon. Moreover, we examine several Martian geomorphologic features that could have been generated by the dissociation of extended subsurface clathrate layers. Finally we investigate the future in situ measurements, as well as the theoretical and experimental improvements that will be needed to better understand the influence of clathrates on the evolution of Mars and its atmosphere.     

Application of the graph-analytical method of tree risk assessment to study survivability of small trust liquid rocket engines

The present paper discusses a need to develop a methodology of predicting the reliability of small thrust liquid rocket engines with a flow section made of composite materials under actual operating conditions for their successful practical use in the propulsion systems.     

Potential Effects of Surface Temperature Variations and Disturbances and Thermal Convection on the Mars InSight HP<Superscript>3</Superscript> Heat-Flow Determination

The HP³ instrument on the InSight lander mission will measure subsurface temperatures and thermal conductivities from which heat flow in the upper few meters of the regolith at the landing site will be calculated. The parameter to be determined is steady-state conductive heat flow, but temperatures may have transient perturbations resulting from surface temperature changes and there could be a component of thermal convection associated with heat transport by vertical flow of atmospheric gases over the depth interval of measurement. The experiment is designed so that it should penetrate to a depth below which surface temperature perturbations are smaller than the required measurement precision by the time the measurements are made. However, if the measurements are delayed after landing, and/or the probe does not penetrate to the desired depth, corrections may be necessary for the transient perturbations. Thermal convection is calculated to be negligible, but these calculations are based on unknown physical properties of the Mars regolith. The effects of thermal convection should be apparent at shallow depths where transient thermal perturbations would be observed to deviate from conductive theory. These calculations were required during proposal review and their probability of predicting a successful measurement a prerequisite for mission approval. However, their uncertainties lies in unmeasured physical parameters of the Mars regolith.     

Water and Volatiles in the Outer Solar System

Space Science Reviews - Space exploration and ground-based observations have provided outstanding evidence of the diversity and the complexity of the outer solar system. This work presents our...