畸变对航空发动机稳定性的影响

简要地总结和对比了畸变对航空发动机稳定性影响的研究方法。以某型涡扇发动机稳定性数值计算为例,具体分析了进口动态压力畸变对发动机稳定性的影响,其计算结果与实际情况和理论分析基本一致。论证了数值计算作为一种指导和验证手段在工程应用中的重要作用。     

Uncertainty analysis and design optimization of hybrid rocket motor powered vehicle for suborbital flight

In this paper, we propose an uncertainty analysis and design optimization method and its applications on a hybrid rocket motor(HRM) powered vehicle. The multidisciplinary design model of the rocket system is established and the design uncertainties are quantified. The sensitivity analysis of the uncertainties shows that the uncertainty generated from the error of fuel regression rate model has the most significant effect on the system performances. Then the differences between deterministic design optimization(DDO) and uncertainty-based design optimization(UDO) are discussed. Two newly formed uncertainty analysis methods, including the Kriging-based Monte Carlo simulation(KMCS) and Kriging-based Taylor series approximation(KTSA), are carried out using a global approximation Kriging modeling method. Based on the system design model and the results of design uncertainty analysis, the design optimization of an HRM powered vehicle for suborbital flight is implemented using three design optimization methods: DDO, KMCS and KTSA. The comparisons indicate that the two UDO methods can enhance the design reliability and robustness. The researches and methods proposed in this paper can provide a better way for the general design of HRM powered vehicles.In this paper,we propose an uncertainty analysis and design optimization method and its applications on a hybrid rocket motor(HRM)powered vehicle.The multidisciplinary design model of the rocket system is established and the design uncertainties are quantified.The sensitivity analysis of the uncertainties shows that the uncertainty generated from the error of fuel regression rate model has the most significant effect on the system performances.Then the differences between deterministic design optimization(DDO)and uncertainty-based design optimization(UDO)are discussed.Two newly formed uncertainty analysis methods,including the Kriging-based Monte Carlo simulation(KMCS)and Kriging-based Taylor series approximation(KTSA),are carried out using a global approximation Kriging modeling method.Based on the system design model and the results of design uncertainty analysis,the design optimization of an HRM powered vehicle for suborbital flight is implemented using three design optimization methods:DDO,KMCS and KTSA.The comparisons indicate that the two UDO methods can enhance the design reliability and robustness.The researches and methods proposed in this paper can provide a better way for the general design of HRM powered vehicles.     

MEMS 壁面剪应力传感器阵列水下标定实验研究

壁面剪应力的精确测量对于研究水下物体边界层流动、寻求有效的减阻增效措施至关重要。MEMS 壁面剪应力传感器的标定首先是最基本的静态标定,其决定了其测量的精度和数据的可信度。本文在分析已有标定方法的基础上研发1种新型水下壁面剪应力给定装置,并采用数值方法计算分析不同流速下的壁面剪应力给定条件,进而设计壁面剪应力传感器静态标定方案,开展了一种 MEMS 热膜式壁面剪应力传感器阵列的水下静态标定实验,获得了各传感单元的标定系数。     

稀疏非结构网格上的亚声速流高精度数值模拟

采用高阶间断有限元法在非结构网格上数值求解二维亚声速Euler方程。数值结果表明,尽管采用的非结构网格非常稀疏,但通过采用真实曲线物面边界和高阶的基函数仍可得到高精度的数值解。另外,对于超低速情况,方程无需经过任何特殊处理就可以得到收敛的数值解。由于采用牛顿一般最小余量法(Newton-GMRES)时通常需要较好的初始值,本文设计了一种阶谱循环过程来提高数值求解的鲁棒性。     

Apram模型上双曲型方程初边值问题数值方法的并行性研究

针对Ａｐｒａｍ模型［１］，研究了双曲型方程初边值问题差分格式的并行实现方法。文中不仅讨论了差分格式在Ａｐｒａｍ模型上的各种并行处理技术，而且对并行算法的可扩放性进行了讨论，最后设计了适合于Ａｐｒａｍ模型结构特征的并行计算程序，对二维Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程正规激波反射问题的计算实践，结果令人满意     

Solar Ultraviolet Bursts

The term “ultraviolet (UV) burst” is introduced to describe small, intense, transient brightenings in ultraviolet images of solar active regions. We inventorize their properties and provide a definition based on image sequences in transition-region lines. Coronal signatures are rare, and most bursts are associated with small-scale, canceling opposite-polarity fields in the photosphere that occur in emerging flux regions, moving magnetic features in sunspot moats, and sunspot light bridges. We also compare UV bursts with similar transition-region phenomena found previously in solar ultraviolet spectrometry and with similar phenomena at optical wavelengths, in particular Ellerman bombs. Akin to the latter, UV bursts are probably small-scale magnetic reconnection events occurring in the low atmosphere, at photospheric and/or chromospheric heights. Their intense emission in lines with optically thin formation gives unique diagnostic opportunities for studying the physics of magnetic reconnection in the low solar atmosphere. This paper is a review report from an International Space Science Institute team that met in 2016–2017.     

六端口微波功率自动检定装置中的数据采集与处理技术

详细介绍了电子部第五区域电子计量站研制的２～１８ＧＨｚ六端口微波功率自动检定装置中的数据采集和处理方法，主要包括数据采集系统的组成及其核心具有接口的开关控制网络的设计原理、电路结构、开关网络的程序控制等内容。同时，也对数据的处理方法作了说明。最后，给出了开关控制网络的性能指标。     

高精度飞轮控制系统方案分析研究

卫星姿态控制是卫星控制领域里的最重要的一个方面 ,用于保证卫星的正常工作。一般的卫星姿态控制都采用飞轮控制方案 ,所采用的飞轮有磁悬浮飞轮和普通飞轮两种。虽然磁悬浮飞轮能克服飞轮自身摩擦力对卫星姿态的影响 ,但是磁悬浮飞轮在制造、工艺等方面要求高 ,而且成本昂贵。本文讨论了采用直流无刷电机控制普通飞轮的方案中关于转速和电流这两个关键参数的高精度控制问题 ,并给出了实际可行的解决方法。这些方法已在某型卫星上得到了部分应用。     

基于图像模拟的HJ星CCD相机交叉定标

针对同一HJ-1星的两台CCD相机,提出基于图像模拟的交叉辐射定标方法:通过建立两台CCD相机图像DC值的数学关系,以获取地面目标图像的已定标的CCD为标准对未同时获取图像的待定标的CCD进行交叉定标,得到了2008年10月A2CCD和B2CCD的定标系数.利用贡格尔场野外实验数据和敦煌场的MODIS数据对定标系数进行真实性检验,并对该方法的主要误差来源进行了分析.结果表明,交叉定标具有较高的精度和可信度,可以在保证定标精度的同时,提高定标的频次.     

拦截大气层外机动目标的模糊导引规律

针对大气层外机动目标的拦截问题,分析了轨控发动机作用下拦截器与目标的相对运动规律,并据此提出了拦截能力的估计方法.根据轨控发动机能够修正的视线转率上限和最短工作时间设计了开机曲线.结合开机曲线和拦截能力的估算方法提出了基于模糊逻辑的导引规律.该导引规律根据专家经验制定模糊规则,利用相对距离和拦截能力作为模糊推理系统的输入对发动机的开机曲线进行调整,结合继电器方式的发动机开关机规律形成制导指令.针对两种典型的目标机动方式,通过仿真验证了该导引规律对机动目标进行拦截的有效性.