基于三站一维距离像融合的弹道目标特征提取方法研究

一维距离像是超宽带雷达目标识别的重要特征之一,基于多站一维距离像的目标特征提取技术是近来的研究方向。依据弹道目标的微动特性,推导了微动弹道目标的时间-距离像模型,然后通过比较各散射点时间-距离像正弦曲线参数之间的关系,实现了多个雷达观测视角下弹头目标距离像的匹配,在此基础上,利用三站一维距离像重构了锥体弹头上各散射点的三维空间相对位置,最后对锥体弹头的各个参数进行了估计。仿真结果表明了本文方法的正确性和有效性。     

再入参数调整对登月航天器返回再入特性的影响

首先分析了再入参数调整对登月航天器返回再入运动特性的影响;然后利用自主编制的仿真软件,对再入参数调整的影响进行了仿真分析;最后在深入分析仿真结果的基础上,研究了再入参数变化对航天器再入过载、航程、飞行时间及落点散布等的具体影响规律,为后继进一步开展载人月球飞行相关任务的分析设计提供了有益参考。     

差动式光纤Bragg光栅加速度计传感头设计与仿真

针对传统悬臂梁-质量块结构加速度计存在的灵敏度与固有频率不能兼顾的问题,设计一种差动式光纤Bragg光栅加速度计,建立系统模型,对测量精度等进行理论计算与分析.传感头设计采用主梁与微梁结合的结构,是悬臂梁-质量块结构的一种改进形式,并运用有限元方法对其静态特性和动态性能进行仿真分析.结果表明:该设计系统精度可以达到10.5×10-3g,固有频率为270Hz,固有频率是同等精度的传统悬臂梁结构光纤光栅加速度计的2.7倍;此结构的加速度计在不降低灵敏度的同时可以有效提高系统的固有频率.      

EMD边缘效应问题的一种处理方法

在航空领域经常要利用飞机的振动信号来对其进行故障诊断,本文论证了故障诊断领域的经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)信号分解方法,分析了其存在的边缘效应,并结合镜像方法提出了利用其边缘信号来添加极值点的思想。从算例效果上看,本文所提出的方法计算速度快,算法简单,适应性强,能很好的抑制边缘效应。     

Crack monitoring method based on Cu coating sensor and electrical potential technique for metal structure

Advanced crack monitoring technique is the cornerstone of aircraft structural health monitoring.To achieve real-time crack monitoring of aircraft metal structures in the course of service,a new crack monitoring method is proposed based on Cu coating sensor and electrical potential difference principle.Firstly,insulation treatment process was used to prepare a dielectric layer on structural substrate,such as an anodizing layer on 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy substrate,and then a Cu coating crack monitoring sensor was deposited on the structure fatigue critical parts by pulsed bias arc ion plating technology.Secondly,the damage consistency of the Cu coating sensor and2A12-T4 aluminum alloy substrate was investigated by static tensile experiment and fatigue test.The results show that strain values of the coating sensor and the 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy substrate measured by strain gauges are highly coincident in static tensile experiment and the sensor has excellent fatigue damage consistency with the substrate.Thirdly,the fatigue performance discrepancy between samples with the coating sensor and original samples was investigated.The result shows that there is no obvious negative influence on the fatigue performance of the 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy after preparing the Cu coating sensor on its surface.Finally,crack monitoring experiment was carried out with the Cu coating sensor.The experimental results indicate that the sensor is sensitive to crack,and crack origination and propagation can be monitored effectively through analyzing the change of electrical potential values of the coating sensor.     

基于RLS算法的阵列天线抗干扰性能研究

本文基于空域调零算法中的递推最小二乘算法，对不同阵列天线模型进行了导向矢量的建立，使用MATLAB仿真对比了4元共形阵列天线与4元平面阵列天线在同一干扰信号下的抗干扰性能。验证分析表明，共形阵列天线存在阵元间信号接收增益不一致的现象，会影响算法的抗干扰性能。相比之下，平面阵列中的加心圆阵抗干扰效果较好且算法稳定性较高，能在干扰信号方向上产生准确的“零陷”。     

基于圆形轨道的卫星位置递推方法

卫星无源定位系统对目标进行定位时,用于定位的卫星位置与时差或相位差等信息可能不同步,无法进行定位,需要把定位信息统一到同一时刻。针对这一问题,提出了基于圆形轨道的卫星位置递推方法,把卫星位置信息同其它信息统一到同一时刻,然后进行定位。该方法比常用的直线轨道递推方法误差更小,准确度更高,对提高定位精度具有较大应用价值。     

非对称波瓣下外扩张角对S型喷管气动热力性能影响

为了研究非对称波瓣下外扩张角对S型喷管气动热力性能的影响规律,以含非对称波瓣的S型喷管为研究对象,保持非对称波瓣长度、内扩张角、高宽比及上外扩张角不变,取定非对称波瓣下外扩张角依次为17.75°,22.75°,27.75°,32.75°,建立了一组具有不同下外扩张角的非对称波瓣S型喷管模型。通过数值求解Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程,得到了S型喷管气动热力性能随非对称波瓣下外扩张角的变化规律。研究结果表明:第一个弯道上游流场中,流向涡具有较强的混合能力,其核心区无量纲涡量值随非对称波瓣下外扩张角增大而逐渐增大;然而,在第一个弯道下游流场中,所有模型对应的流向涡核心区无量纲涡量值均已非常微弱。在S型喷管弯道区域,流道流向、截面形状发生巨大改变,使得内外涵流体混合效果显著提高,但混合流体的总压恢复系数却急剧下降。混合流体热混合效率值受下外扩张角影响不明显,但S型喷管下半部分内壁面温度随下外扩张角增大而逐渐上升。在S型喷管出口,下外扩张角为17.75°模型的总压恢复系数为0.9464,高于其他3种模型,并且相对于该截面上总压恢复系数最低值增加了0.55%。     

An optimization method for metamorphic mechanisms based on multidisciplinary design optimization

The optimization of metamorphic mechanisms is different from that of the conventional mechanisms for its characteristics of multi-configuration. There exist complex coupled design variables and constraints in its multiple different configuration optimization models. To achieve the compatible optimized results of these coupled design variables, an optimization method for metamorphic mechanisms is developed in the paper based on the principle of multidisciplinary design optimization（MDO）. Firstly, the optimization characteristics of the metamorphic mechanism are summarized distinctly by proposing the classification of design variables and constraints as well as coupling interactions among its different configuration optimization models. Further, collaborative optimization technique which is used in MDO is adopted for achieving the overall optimization performance. The whole optimization process is then proposed by constructing a two-level hierarchical scheme with global optimizer and configuration optimizer loops. The method is demonstrated by optimizing a planar five-bar metamorphic mechanism which has two configurations,and results show that it can achieve coordinated optimization results for the same parameters in different configuration optimization models.     

卫星扰动对星载SAR成像质量的影响

星载合成孔径雷达快视成像质量与卫星的运动姿态密不可分，卫星扰动主要体现在对多普勒参数的影响上，而快视成像一般利用卫星星历来估计多普勒参数。通过详细分析，找出了卫星扰动对多普勒参数的内在联系，给出了详细的数学公式并结合实际数据进行了计算机模拟，给出了平台的控制精度范围，为星载ＳＡＲ系统设计提供理论依据。