Robust Adaptive Attitude Maneuvering and Vibration Reducing Control of Flexible Spacecraft with Prescribed Performance

A robust adaptive control scheme with prescribed performance is proposed for attitude maneuver and vibration suppression of flexible spacecraft, in which the parametric uncertainty, external disturbances and unmeasured elastic vibration are taken into account simultaneously. On the basis of the prescribed performance control(PPC)theory,the prescribed steady state and transient performance for the attitude tracking error can be guaranteed through the stabilization of the transformed system. This controller does not need the knowledge of modal variables.The absence of measurements of these variables is compensated by appropriate dynamics of the controller which supplies their estimates. The method of sliding mode differentiator is introduced to overcome the problem of explosion of complexity inherent in traditional backstepping design. In addition,the requirements of knowing the system parameters and the unknown bound of the lumped uncertainty,including external disturbance and the estimate error of sliding mode differentiator,have been eliminated by using adaptive updating technique. Within the framework of Lyapunov theory,the stability of the transformed system is obtained. Finally,numerical simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

基于动态重叠网格方法的尾翼对螺旋桨滑流的影响

螺旋桨飞机产生的滑流会对其扫掠过的部件产生显著干扰,研究尾翼部件对滑流的影响有助于将滑流与尾翼的干扰进行解耦分解。采用动态重叠网格方法模拟螺旋桨定轴转动,通过求解三维非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes （URANS）方程,数值模拟了某螺旋桨飞机带尾翼构型的有/无滑流状态,通过试验结果对计算方法的正确性进行了验证。在此基础上,分别开展了有/无尾翼构型的滑流计算,结果表明：扣除尾翼气动力后,有/无尾翼的升阻力变化规律基本一致,俯仰力矩由于机身后体修形不同呈线性平移关系;对比有/无尾翼空间切面的速度分布云图、不同空间位置和拉力系数下的下洗角和侧洗角变化曲线,发现尾翼对滑流的影响仅局限在其周围,不同拉力系数下尾翼的干扰规律也基本类似。通过研究认为,在飞机初期设计和选型阶段,螺旋桨滑流与尾翼的相互干扰,可简化为滑流单向对尾翼产生影响,尾翼对滑流的影响可以忽略。     

CFD在螺旋桨飞机滑流影响研究中的应用

通过求解绝对坐标系下的非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,计算了非定常滑流对某飞机巡航构型低速状态的气动特性影响。为描述螺旋桨桨叶的相对运动,采用了动态重叠网格技术,并在并行环境下采用全隐式双时间步方法和多重网格技术来保证时间精度和提高计算效率。将计算结果与试验结果相比较,在线性段,计算得到的升力系数与试验值总体偏差不超过2%,阻力系数相对试验值而言整体偏大,基本控制在8%左右,俯仰力矩系数的计算结果与试验值趋势一致。总结了滑流对螺旋桨飞机宏观气动特性的影响规律,由于滑流在空间发展过程中不断与周围空气相混合,使得滑流边界逐渐"模糊",因此滑流流管在空间发展过程中的巨大畸变对滑流影响的分析工作带来了难度。针对这种现象,本文将有/无滑流的流场进行对比,通过当地动压增量来定义滑流的加速效应边界,以及通过当地气流角增量来定义滑流的洗流效应边界。该方法能较好地捕捉和解释由于滑流对飞机部件干扰而使得飞机方向安定性呈现的非线性现象,初步揭示了螺旋桨滑流复杂尾迹流动的特点,在螺旋桨飞机非定常滑流影响机理研究方面具有一定的参考价值。     

航空铆钉连接件的抗冲击性能

以分离式Hopkinson拉杆装置为基础,设计了特殊的铆接试验件,对MS20615铆钉的铆接结构开展了动态加载下不同加载角度、不同加载速率的力学性能试验。结合其准静态试验结果,获得了铆接结构在纯剪切、30°拉剪耦合、45°拉剪耦合、60°拉剪耦合和纯拉伸试验下的力学性能参数。试验结果表明,加载角度、加载速率对铆接结构的失效载荷与失效模式有显著的影响。在试验结果的基础上,使用有限元软件LS-Dyna建立了铆接结构的简化模型,对比了试验和数值模拟得到的铆接结构载荷-位移曲线,并对简化数值模型进行了网格相关性分析,验证了简化的铆钉单元模型的可行性。     

State of art on energy management strategy for hybrid-powered unmanned aerial vehicle

New energy sources such as solar energy and hydrogen energy have been applied to the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), which could be formed as the hybrid power sources due to the requirement of miniaturization, lightweight, and environmental protection issue for UAV. Hybrid electrical propulsion technology has been used in UAV and it further enforces this trend for the evolution to the Hybrid-Powered System(HPS). In order to realize long endurance flight mission and improve the energy efficiency of UAV, many researching works are focused on the Energy Management Strategy(EMS) of the HPS with digital simulation, ground demonstration platforms and a few flight tests for the UAV in recent years. energy management strategy, in which off-line or on-line control algorithms acted as the core part, could optimize dynamic electrical power distribution further and directly affect the efficiency and fuel economy of hybrid-powered system onboard.In order to give the guideline for this emerging technology for UAV, this paper presents a review of the topic highlighting energy optimal management strategies of UAV. The characteristics of typical new energy sources applied in UAV are summarized firstly, and then the classification and analysis of the architecture for hybrid power systems in UAV are presented. In the context of new energy sources and configuration of energy system, a comprehensive comparison and analysis for the state of art of EMS are presented, and the various levels of complexity and accuracy of EMS are considered in terms of real time, computational burden and optimization performance based on the optimal control and operational modes of UAV. Finally, the tendency and challenges of energy management strategy applied to the UAV have been forecasted.     

复合材料带缠绕成型过程建模及工艺参数优化

复合材料带缠绕成型过程中,成型工艺参数的选取决定了缠绕制品的性能。采用正交实验法研究各工艺参数对缠绕制品层间剪切强度的影响规律和敏感度,并将正交试验数据与神经网络理论相结合,对带缠绕成型过程进行建模,得到缠绕成型工艺参数与层间剪切强度之间的非线性映射关系,并通过实验验证了模型的可靠性。在此基础上,利用粒子群优化方法在可行工艺参数域内对缠绕成型工艺参数进行优化。仿真与实验结果表明,基于神经网络模型的工艺参数粒子群优化算法能够快速、准确的得到带缠绕成型的全局最优工艺参数组合。使得缠绕制品层间剪切强度达到最优的工艺参数组合为:加热温度115℃,缠绕张力357 N,压辊压力1006 N和缠绕速度0.28 m/s,在最优工艺参数作用下,缠绕制品的层间剪切强度达到102.2 MPa。     

一种弹载雷达干扰天线的结构设计

弹载雷达干扰机的天线要求体积小、宽频带、高增益,且耐受功率大,对天线的结构设计提出了更高的要求.对一种弹载大功率雷达干扰天线的结构设计特点进行了分析,从天线组成原理、馈电结构形式、材料选择、电磁场仿真分析等方面进行了详细描述.采用小型化、一体化的综合设计以适应弹载平台需要,并通过大功率辐射试验验证设计的正确性.     

低速流场中柔性悬臂板的后颤振响应

建立了一个新的非线性气动弹性模型,对低速流场中柔性悬臂板的后颤振响应特性进行了分析。建模中考虑了结构几何非线性、气动力非线性以及两者之间的强耦合效应。通过实验数据对所建立的气动弹性模型进行了验证。发现在低速流场中柔性悬臂板可能会以周期加倍的方式进入混沌运动。结构几何非线性效应和翼尖涡引起的非定常气动力效应对柔性悬臂板的结构响应有显著影响,而尾涡变形引起的非定常气动力对结构运动的影响较小。还研究了不同耦合算法的差异,给出了小展弦比大柔性结构非线性气动弹性数值仿真时耦合策略的选择依据。     

流通面积比对旋流杯油雾速度场的影响

设计了3种不同一二级流通面积比的旋流杯试验件,在气压自模区工况下,运用粒子图像测速仪（PIV）对其出口油雾速度场进行测量,研究了不同流通面积比对旋流杯出口油雾速度场的影响,分析了油雾速度场的结构及其速度分布的变化规律。结果表明:随着一二级流通面积比的增加,旋流杯出口油雾速度场呈现出回流区面积和回流区长度逐渐变小、回流速度逐渐变大、出口射流张角逐渐减小的趋势。此外,从径向速度沿径向分布可以看出,随着流通面积比的增加油雾速度场的抗偏斜能力具有增强的趋势。      

基于改进内模控制的永磁同步电机电流环设计

永磁同步电机(PMSM)作为一种高阶非线性系统,由于参数摄动和外部干扰的原因,传统内模控制器不能保证其精确的控制要求。在传统内模控制的基础上,设计了一种基于指数收敛的误差干扰观测器。在解耦和反电动势补偿情况下,建立内模控制器,然后由内模控制器的输出和反馈电流,构造误差干扰观测器的状态方程,输出误差补偿信号,补偿电机运行过程中参数变动和干扰因素,实现PMSM的高精度控制。建立MATLAB/Simulink仿真模型,仿真中人为增加不确定量和扰动。仿真结果表明,在存在不确定信号和负载扰动时,采用改进的内模控制可以实现电流补偿,降低电流纹波,减小电流稳态误差,同时提高转速响应速度,降低扰动误差。