Microstructure and mechanical properties of hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel by laser melting deposition

 Laser melting deposition was carried out to deposit a 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel bar on a wrought bar of same material. Room-temperature tensile properties of the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample were evaluated, and microstructure, fracture surface morphology, and hardness profile were analyzed by an optical microscope (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a hardness tester. Results show that the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample consists of laser deposited zone, wrought substrate zone, and heat affected zone (HAZ) of the wrought substrate. The laser deposited zone has coarse columnar prior austenite grains and fine well-aligned dendritic structure, while the HAZ of the wrought substrate has equiaxed prior austenite grains which are notably finer than those in the wrought substrate zone. Besides, austenitic transformation mechanism of the HAZ of the wrought substrate is different from that of the laser deposited zone during the reheating period of the laser deposition, which determines the different prior austenite grain morphologies of the two zones. Microhardness values of both the laser deposited zone and the HAZ of the wrought substrate are higher than that of the wrought substrate zone. Tensile properties of the hybrid fabricated 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb steel sample are comparable to those of the wrought bar, and fracture occurs in the wrought substrate zone during the tensile test.     

POE-g-MAH 对PA66 共混体系性能的影响

讨论了POE-g-MAH含量、MAH接枝率对PA66/POE/POE-g-MAH共混物性能的影响.当POE-g-MAH含量为10wt％～15wt％时,PA66/POE-g-MAH共混物发生脆-韧转变;随POE-g-MAH含量增加,共混物的缺口冲击强度、断裂伸长率显著增大,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、熔体流动速率、吸水率均明显下降.当POE-g-MAH接枝率为0.05wt％～0.2wt％时,PA66/POE/POE-g-MAH共混物发生脆-韧转变;随POE-g-MAH接枝率增加,共混物的缺口冲击强度、断裂伸长率增大,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、吸水率变化不大,熔体流动速率下降.SEM照片和Molau实验表明,POE-g-MAH对PA66具有显著的增容增韧效果.     

一种极化敏感反射器用的展开机构

极化敏感反射器用的展开机构由一对相同的展开铰链及一个调速器组成，每个铰链都有提供动力的扭转弹簧及闭锁装置；调速器通过一个绳轮和展开轴连接。调速器中以１６４倍于展开轴转速旋转的离心盘提出阻尼力矩，以稳定展开速度，防止冲击过大，并保证较高的展开重精度。机构通过了包括振动，真空热循环等鉴定试验。在真空中高温５２．３℃下的展开速度比－２０℃下高１４％，常温常压下在模拟零重力试验设备上测得的展开重复精度优于     

滚珠摆式地平表的修正运动分析

介绍了滚珠摆式地平表的工作原理，分析了滚珠形成的修正力矩，计算出陀螺的修正运动规律，绘出了尖顶运动的轨迹图。指出：陀螺自转轴的起始指向对地平表的指示精度有严重影响。必须严格遵循地平表的启动程序，才能使仪表处于正常工作状态。     

激光扫平仪的室内调整和测试

通过对激光扫平仪的工作特性和误差产生原因的详细分析，提出激光扫平仪可以预先在一个不大的厂房内（6m×10m）进行调整和测试，使工作条件获得改善，并提高了工作效率．     

风车载荷情况下民用飞机结构强度评定方法

按照适航要求,需要对风车载荷下民用喷气运输飞机结构强度进行评定。首先从静强度、疲劳强度、损伤容限的角度,介绍风车载荷下飞机结构强度的评定方法。以已经获得适航认可的分析方法为基础,根据各方法的特点,结合风车载荷情况的特点,进行合理改进,形成适用于风车载荷下飞机结构强度的评定方法。其次从基本剖面形式、修正参数、结构动力学建模方法、评定部位的筛选标准、评定结果的判据等方面进行介绍,并展示该评定方法的优点。最后简要说明其在型号上的应用情况及适航审查要求及结果,并提出该评定方法的改进建议。     

Epistemic uncertainty quantification in flutter analysis using evidence theory

Aimed at evaluating the structural stability and flutter risk of the system, this paper manages to quantify epistemic uncertainty in flutter analysis using evidence theory, including both parametric uncertainty and method selection uncertainty, on the basis of information from limited experimental data of uncertain parameters. Two uncertain variables of the actuator coupling system with unknown probability distributions, that is bending and torsional stiffness, which are both described with multiple intervals and the basic belief assignment(BBA) extricated from the modal test of actuator coupling systems, are taken into account. Considering the difference in dealing with experimental data by different persons and the reliability of various information sources, a new combination rule of evidence––the generalized lower triangular matrices method is formed to acquire the combined BBA. Finally the parametric uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty of flutter analysis method selection are considered in the same system to realize quantification. A typical rudder of missile is selected to examine the present method, and the dangerous range of velocity as well as relevant belief and plausibility functions is obtained. The results suggest that the present method is effective in obtaining the lower and upper bounds of flutter probability and assessing flutter risk of structures with limited experimental data of uncertain parameters and the belief of different methods.     

曲线合成孔径雷达迭代算法

研究了曲线合成孔径雷达(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)二维信号模型和三维信号模型,得到了曲线SAR回波信号的数学表达式.将迭代算法应用于曲线SAR, 根据最小化非线性方差准则得到了曲线SAR中RELAX估计算法代价函数,详细研究了二维RELAX估计算法和三维RELAX估计算法的每一个具体步骤,可估计出目标点的散射强度和位置.给出了递推过程,规定了收敛条件,分析了RELAX估计算法的特点和计算量,得出RELAX算法收敛速度快,计算量相对较小,收敛条件苛刻会增加RELAX算法的计算量.研究成果为应用迭代算法提取曲线SAR数据的三维信息提供了指导.     

Changes in suspended sediments associated with 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

The Sumatra tsunami on 26 December, 2004 in the Indian Ocean was generated by one of the largest earthquakes of the past 100 years. The present study investigated spatial and temporal changes of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in North-East Indian Ocean (NEIO) after the Sumatra tsunami used satellite remote sensing data. The nLw551 products of MODIS-aqua data (using as indexing SSC) were analyzed for 5 years (2002–2006). Result shows SSC notably increased (55.6–200%) in large river estuaries along coast of the Bay of Bengal (BOB) in a short time (4 weeks) after the tsunami, especially the northwest coast of Indonesia, southeast coast of Myanmar, as well as the north offshore of BOB. Those increases were mainly caused by the re-suspension function induced by the initial surge of the tsunami. Monthly analysis indicates increases (4.26%) of SSC of the entire North-East Indian Ocean area in 2005; especially in November 2005 when increase of SSC increased by about 6.19% compared with other years; those may mainly be caused by the destruction of coastal vegetation and modifying of estuaries or wetlands by the 2004 tsunami. The increases of SSC have different mechanism in different region and period after the tsunami.     

APPLICATION OF HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM IN AEROELASTIC MULTIDISCIPLINARY DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF LARGE AIRCRAFT

The genetic/gradient-based hybrid algorithm is introduced and used in the design studies of aeroelastic optimization of large aircraft wings to attain skin distribution,stiffness distribution and design sensitivity.The program of genetic algorithm is developed by the authors while the gradient-based algorithm borrows from the modified method for feasible direction in MSC/NASTRAN software.In the hybrid algorithm,the genetic algorithm is used to perform global search to avoid to fall into local optima,and then the excellent individuals of every generation optimized by the genetic algorithm are further fine-tuned by the modified method for feasible direction to attain the local optima and hence to get global optima.Moreover,the application effects of hybrid genetic algorithm in aeroelastic multidisciplinary design optimization of large aircraft wing are discussed,which satisfy multiple constraints of strength,displacement,aileron efficiency,and flutter speed.The application results show that the genetic/gradient-based hybrid algorithm is available for aeroelastic optimization of large aircraft wings in initial design phase as well as detailed design phase,and the optimization results are very consistent.Therefore,the design modifications can be decreased using the genetic/gradient-based hybrid algorithm.