某高载荷大后掠无人机复合材料机翼结构设计与试验验证

作为无人机上关键部件,机翼的结构设计对无人机的可靠性具有重要影响。针对某型高速、大机动无人机的承力要求,本文设计了一款相对厚度小、后掠角大、承载高的单闭室矩形梁式复合材料机翼,在ANSYS中建立了机翼的有限元模型,并采用von-Mises准则和Tsai-Wu准则分别对机翼中金属和复合材料结构进行了强度校核,同时利用地面静力试验对机翼的设计承载能力和有限元模型的准确性进行了试验验证。结果表明,有限元仿真结果与试验结果吻合度高,位移与应变误差均在允许范围之内。单闭室矩形梁式复合材料机翼具有工艺性好、承载能力强的特点,强度、刚度、有效载荷与机翼质量之比都超出了传统的无人机机翼,可以为未来更高性能复合材料机翼的设计提供参考。     

一种加权核鉴别分析方法

基于Fisher准则的核鉴别分析法(KDA)是最常用的非线性特征提取方法之一,但对于多类识别问题,就分类率而言Fisher准则并不是最优.本文提出了一种加权核鉴别分析方法(KIDA).首先利用非线性映射将原始样本隐式地映射到高维隐特征空间;在此特征空间内使用权函数重新估计类间离散度矩阵得到优化的准则函数,最后采用同时对角化方案求解最优鉴别矢量.在ORL和Yale人脸数据库上的实验结果验证了本文方法的有效性.     

InvesInvestigation of the Effects of Airfoil-probes on the Aerodynamic Performance of an Axial Compressor

In order to investigate the effects of the airfoil-probes on the aerodynamic performance of an axial compressor,a numerical simulation of 3D flow field is performed in a 1.5-stage axial compressor with airfoil-probes installed at the stator leading-edge(LE).The airfoil-probes have a negative influence on the compressor aerodynamic performance at all operating points.A streamwise vortex is induced by the airfoil-probe along both sides of the blade.At the mid-operating point,the vortex is notable along the pressure side and is relatively small along the suction side(SS).At the near-stall point,the vortex is slightly suppressed in the pressure surface(PS),but becomes remarkable in the suction side.A small local-separation is induced by the interactions between the vortex and the end-wall boundary layer in the corner region near the hub.That the positive pitch angle of the airfoil-probe at 6.5% span is about 15° plays an important role in the vortex evolution near the hub,which causes the fact that the airfoil-probe near the hub has the largest effects among the four airfoil-probes.In order to get a further understanding of the vortex evolution in the stator in the numerical simulation,a flow visualization experiment in a water tunnel is performed.The flow visualization results give a deep insight into the evolution of the vortex induced by the airfoil-probe.     

双级低滞后刷式密封级间不均衡性分析

针对一种结构参数的双级低滞后刷式密封,采用多孔介质模型进行流场计算,对刷丝安装角度以及第二级前板间隙高度和背板间隙高度与分压比的关系进行分析;基于梁弯曲理论和刷丝区域压力分布,采用有限元法计算得到刷丝的受力和变形情况,分析参数对转子所受摩擦扭矩的影响,讨论参数对双级低滞后刷式密封级间不均衡性的影响.分析表明,第一级刷丝安装角度的增大和第二级刷丝安装角的减小能在一定程度上使两级分压趋于均衡.第一级结构参数不变时,第二级的前板间隙高度变化对级间不均衡性影响不大,背板间隙高度在特定值时,两级可达到均衡状态.     

Time synchronization of new-generation BDS satellites using inter-satellite link measurements

Autonomous satellite navigation is based on the ability of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), such as Beidou, to estimate orbits and clock parameters onboard satellites using Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) measurements instead of tracking data from a ground monitoring network. This paper focuses on the time synchronization of new-generation Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) satellites equipped with an ISL payload. Two modes of Ka-band ISL measurements, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) mode and the continuous link mode, were used onboard these BDS satellites. Using a mathematical formulation for each measurement mode along with a derivation of the satellite clock offsets, geometric ranges from the dual one-way measurements were introduced. Then, pseudoranges and clock offsets were evaluated for the new-generation BDS satellites. The evaluation shows that the ranging accuracies of TDMA ISL and the continuous link are approximately 4?cm and 1?cm (root mean square, RMS), respectively. Both lead to ISL clock offset residuals of less than 0.3?ns (RMS). For further validation, time synchronization between these satellites to a ground control station keeping the systematic time in BDT was conducted using L-band Two-way Satellite Time Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT). System errors in the ISL measurements were calibrated by comparing the derived clock offsets with the TWSTFT. The standard deviations of the estimated ISL system errors are less than 0.3?ns, and the calibrated ISL clock parameters are consistent with that of the L-band TWSTFT. For the regional BDS network, the addition of ISL measurements for medium orbit (MEO) BDS satellites increased the clock tracking coverage by more than 40% for each orbital revolution. As a result, the clock predicting error for the satellite M1S was improved from 3.59 to 0.86?ns (RMS), and the predicting error of the satellite M2S was improved from 1.94 to 0.57?ns (RMS), which is a significant improvement by a factor of 3–4.     

预警体系面临新型目标的严峻挑战

未来战争威胁主要来自空天,超高声速武器等新型目标的发展给预警体系提出了严峻挑战。在分析常规雷达探测技术与新型航空航天目标特征的基础上,重点就现代雷达探测新型目标的关键技术与核心问题进行了研究,并给出了相关仿真结果。     

小功率N_2推进剂电弧推力器工作过程和性能实验

电弧推力器 (arcjet)因其高推力 /功率比、高推力密度等特点成为当前国际上电火箭研究和应用的热点。文章描述了 arcjet的内部工作机理 ,介绍其实验和工作参数测量方案 ,针对小卫星使用 N2 作为推进剂 ,对 4种不同结构尺寸的小功率 arcjet进行了不同工况下的性能实验 ,给出初步的发动机工作性能参数及实验结果分析。实验结果表明优化推力器工作参数并合理设计其结构尺寸可提高推力器性能。所得结论对小功率 N2 arcjet推力器的优化设计具有的参考价值。     

波纹管组件有效面积值测量装置的设计

燃气阀是调节燃气流量的重要组件,由连接窗口的面积值来控制,而面积值的变化,则是由改变其连接窗口的大小波纹管组件的工况来实现。介绍了一种波纹管组件有效面积值测量装置的设计。     

航空航天材料发展现状及前景

文章较系统地介绍了航空航天材料的特点、地位和作用,结合具体案例分析了铝合金、钛合金、先进复合材料等结构材料,以及以透波复合材料、吸波隐身复合材料为代表的航空功能材料和以防热耐烧蚀复合材料、梯度功能复合材料为代表的航天功能材料的性能和应用,指出航空航天材料的未来发展方向是高性能、多功能、复合化、智能化、整体化、多维化和低成本化。