On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

液氧/煤油发动机试验废水的循环使用

为达到国标中有关污水排放的二级标准及节约利用水资源,设计和安装了液氧/煤油发动机试验台试验污水处理和循环使用系统。发动机试验采用水冷式导流槽,每次试验的用水量很大,并且试验产生的废水会含有一定量的煤油,该处理系统采用过滤-吸附-消毒等工艺对试验产生的污水进行处理,并将处理后的污水进行循环使用。系统投入使用后污水处理效果理想,且运行稳定、便于维护。     

中国返回式卫星发展与成就

文章概述了返回式卫星技术在世界各国发展的情况;介绍了中国返回式卫星发展历程及其取得的成就;总结了取得的科学技术成果及其在中国空间技术方面的贡献;最后面对中国航天事业的发展提出中国返回式卫星发展远景设想.     

VXI数据采集系统的建立及其应用

在液氧／煤油发动机试验中,需要根据测量精度、被测参数的类型、采样速率等技术指标进行数据采集系统的选型、配套,完成对温度、压力、流量转速、推力、真空压力等众多参数的测量。主要介绍了利用VXI数据采集系统完成各参数的测量任务．包括系统的建立,解决系统调试中出现的问题,同时介绍了VXI数据采集系统在发动机故障诊断紧急关机系统中的应用。     

Comparison of aerodynamic characteristics between a novel highly loaded injected blade with curvature induced pressure-recovery concept and one with conventional design

This paper introduces a novel design method of highly loaded compressor blades with air injection.CFD methods were firstly validated with existing data and then used to develop and investigate the new method based on a compressor cascade.A compressor blade is designed with a curvature induced pressure-recovery concept.A rapid drop of the local curvature on the blade suction surface results in a sudden increase in the local pressure,which is referred to as a curvature induced ‘Shock'.An injection slot downstream from the ‘Shock' is used to prevent ‘Shock' induced separation,thus reducing the loss.As a result,the compressor blade achieves high loading with acceptable loss.First,the design concept based on a 2D compressor blade profile is introduced.Then,a 3D cascade model is investigated with uniform air injection along the span.The effects of the incidence are also investigated on emphasis in the current study.The mid-span flow field of the 3D injected cascade shows excellent agreement with the 2D designed flow field.For the highly loaded cascade without injection,the flow separates immediately downstream from the ‘Shock';the initial location of separation shows little change in a large incidence range.Thus air injection with the same injection configuration effectively removes the flow separation downstream from the curvature induced ‘Shock' and reduces the size of the separation zone at different incidences.Near the endwall,the flow within the incoming passage vortex mixes with the injected flow.As a result,the size of the passage vortex reduces significantly downstream from the injection slot.After air injection,the loss coefficient along spanwise reduces significantly and the flow turning angle increases.     

美国教育资金渠道与管理体制

对美国教育资金来源渠道和管理体制加以介绍,以作者在美国见闻和感受,详细介绍了美国教育的地方管理、校区划分、融资渠道、资金使用与管理体制诸方面的真实情况,通过对美国教育资金管理的实地考察,对我国目前舆论界所关注的教育产业化问题提出了质疑。     

基于椭圆积分的单支点半柔壁喷管大挠度成型半解析求解与验证

为提升跨超声速风洞单支点半柔壁(SJSF)喷管分析精度和效率,发展了基于椭圆积分的柔性壁板大挠度变形半解析求解方法.以0.3 m低温风洞单支点半柔壁喷管为研究对象,建立型面组件力学模型,基于欧拉梁理论推导柔性壁板型面曲线的微分方程,给出了椭圆积分的表达形式.利用Maple软件编制了计算程序,并以此针对马赫数为1.15和...     

用遗传算法求解双冲量最优交会问题

在考虑第一次脉冲位置变化情况下 ,推导了航天器双冲量交会时的优化模型 ,以此为基础构造了最优交会的燃料 -时间混合优化指标 ,并设计了与之相应的遗传算法。仿真结果表明 ,考虑和不考虑第一次脉冲位置 ,优化指标值相差悬殊 ,同时也证明了遗传算法的设计是成功的     

GTO发射轨道的两级分解全局优化设计策略

文章提出了包含两级规划、轨道分解优化以及混合遗传算法的GTO发射轨道优化设计策略。针对最优控制变量和总体变量耦合所带来的收敛性差问题 ,建立了两级规划模型 ,其中上面级问题处理总体变量 ,下面级问题处理单独的轨迹控制变量。整个发射轨道优化设计问题被划分成两个轨道段优化设计子问题 ,采用串行混合遗传算法完成子问题的求解。选择一个二级GTO运载火箭 ,进行最大运载能力优化设计 ,对俯仰角选择、发射轨道参数选择等问题进行了分析 ,得出了一些有益的结论。算例分析结果表明所提出的GTO发射轨道优化设计策略的优良性能 ,在运载火箭总体设计中有良好的应用价值。     

谐振式微小型压力传感器数字闭环系统

在微小型特别是硅谐振微传感器中,低信噪比的微弱信号检测、闭环自激电路的小型化和抗干扰等问题十分突出.复合音叉微小型谐振式压力传感器数字锁相环闭环检测系统将输入的模拟信号(压力)直接转换为准数字量(频率),测量精度高,基本上解决了测量系统中结构参数小、工作频率高、信号幅度弱、耦合强、干扰大等问题,该方法可直接应用于硅谐振式微传感器,对实现硅谐振微传感器的工程化具有指导意义.