信息对抗条件下卫星系统效能损伤评估方法

信息对抗是卫星信息系统面临的严重威胁,在对抗条件下其工作效能必然会有一定程度的下降.以卫星侦察系统为例研究了卫星系统效能损伤评估方法.在对卫星侦察过程进行分析的基础上建立了卫星侦察系统效能故障树,并引入故障等级和逻辑算子的概念,提出了一种基于多态故障树分析的评估方法,采用仿真方法进行顶事件概率计算.最后将其应用于某卫星侦察系统在信息对抗条件下的效能损伤评估,并给出了结论.     

Selection of candidate salad vegetables for controlled ecological life support system

Higher plants, as one of the essential biological components of CELSS, can supply food, oxygen and water for human crews during future long-duration space missions and Lunar/Mars habitats. In order to select suitable leaf vegetable varieties for our CELSS Experimental Facility (CEF), five varieties of lettuce (“Nenlvnaiyou”, “Dasusheng”, “Naichoutai”, “Dongfangkaixuan” and “Siji”), two of spinach (“Daye” and “Quanneng”), one of rape (“Jingyou No. 1”) and one of common sowthistle were grown and compared on the basis of edible biomass, and nutrient content. In addition, two series of experiments were conducted to study single leaf photosynthetic rates and transpiration rates at 30 days after planting, one which used various concentrations of CO₂ (500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 μmol mol⁻¹) and another which used various light intensities (100, 300, 500 and 700 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). Results showed that lettuce cvs. “Nenlvnaiyou”, “Siji” and “Dasusheng” produced higher yields of edible biomass; common sowthisle would be a good source of β-carotene for the diet. Based on the collective findings, we selected three varieties of lettuce (“Nenlvnaiyou”, “Dasusheng” and “Siji”) and one of common sowthistle as the candidate crops for further research in our CEF. In addition, elevated CO₂ concentration increased the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration, and elevated light intensity increased the rate of photosynthesis for these varieties. These results can be useful for determining optimal conditions for controlling CO₂ and water fluxes between the crops and the overall CELSS.     

基于PIC方法的离子发动机光学系统粒子模拟

采用单元内粒子(PIC, Particle-In-Cell)方法对离子发动机光学系统进行了等离子体粒子模拟.PIC方法可有效地对等离子体进行粒子模拟,其中电场求解采用SOR(Successive Over Relaxation)方法,离子加速方法采用蛙跳格式.推进剂采用氙,模拟粒子为单核离子.模拟得到了栅极间电势分布、电场强度分布及栅极间氙离子数密度分布.计算结果表明,在所取的光学系统电压参数和几何参数下,粒子束能够顺利通过栅极孔,不会撞击到栅极孔壁上.粒子模拟为今后开展离子发动机光学系统腐蚀机理分析及寿命评估提供了有效的数值方法.      

肼电弧喷射推力器工作方式可替换性数值研究

在正确理解电弧喷射推力器工作过程物理机理的基础上建立了其简化的物理模型,并基于此物理模型利用耦合电磁源项的N-S方程组来表达其数学模型,对相同结构尺寸的低功率肼电弧喷射推力器加电弧和不加电弧时的工作性能进行了比较计算.采用二阶精度无波动、无自由参数的耗散差分格式(NND格式)和显式时间推进法求出数值解.计算结果给出了有电弧和无电弧时推力器的流场结构,预计了不同工作方式及不同工作条件下推力器的推力和比冲,证实了推力器工作方式的可替换性.      

纳米铝粉在固体推进剂中的应用

介绍金属纳米铝粉的制备方法,阐述了用于固体推进剂的纳米铝粉的突出效应,例如燃烧完全、提高推进剂燃烧速率、降低压强指数等,并对纳米铝粉在固体推进剂中的作用机理、应用中可能存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了可行的解决措施。     

基于软件锁相环的电机速度控制系统

随着电力电子、微电子技术和控制技术的发展,一些场合对电机调速系统性能的要求越来越高,而锁相调速控制在稳速精度方面有其独特的优势。文章在改进的数字锁相环基础上,提出了软件锁相环电机速度控制系统,利用高性能微处理器实现了软件锁相环。     

基于MEMS技术的微型阀研究

根据微机电系统(MEMS)技术和微型阀技术的研究现状与发展趋势,在微型阀致动机理分析和性能对比的基础上,通过对微型阀结构的理论计算和数值模拟,论证了静电致动和压电致动两种微型阀方案,确定了微推进系统用微型阀的主要技术参数和性能指标;通过结构设计和MEMS工艺攻关,完成了基于MEMS技术的压电致动微型阀原理样件制造,并进行了初步的原理试验验证和性能检测。结果表明,基于MEMS技术的压电致动微型阀原理可行,方案合理;通过进一步的结构优化,解决多层键合和系统封装工艺,可以获得高性能的微型阀,为小型、轻质和集成化微推进系统研制奠定基础。     

微小卫星星地数据链路层通讯协议的研究和开发

卫星和地面之间的交流通过它们之间的数据通讯来实现。为了实现星地通讯,必须选定双方都要遵守的协议。考虑到星地通信的可靠性和效率,在选择通讯协议时需遵循实用且最简单的原则。参考CCSDS的相关建议和Ax．25协议,开发了一种星地链路层通信协议。纳星一号飞行试验的运行结果表明,该协议具有较高的数据传榆效率和良好的可靠性,可以满足微小卫星的实际通信要求。     

KrF激光对高速飞片的驱动特性研究

利用诱导空间非相干技术平滑的KrF准分子（248nm）激光驱动带有烧蚀层的平面靶，研究激光空间均匀性对产生完整飞片的影响，结果表明激光不均匀性在2％以下，能够产生完整的高速飞片，且完整飞片能够维持20ns以上不破裂；当激光不均匀性达到5％，激光引入流体力学不稳定性种子应很强，冲击波在靶内输运过程中不稳定性不断发展增强，到靶背时强到足以使飞片解体甚至气化，不能产生完整的飞片。为了获得尽可能高的飞片速度，采用激光与烧蚀层参数不匹配方法，使冲击波对飞片作多次加速。利用功率密度为1012 W/cm2的KrF激光与含50μm Kapton烧蚀层的5μm铝飞片作用，得到速度约10km/s的高速飞片，与模拟结果吻合得很好。     

Improving regional ionospheric TEC mapping based on RBF interpolation

Radial basis function (RBF) interpolation with multi-quadric is developed to perform ionospheric total electron content (TEC) mapping for the Chinese region between 15°N ~ 40°N and 100°E ~ 125°E. TEC measurements from the Centre for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) covering the solar maximum year 2011 are used to investigate the performance of the proposed RBF interpolation method. The differences between the RBF interpolated TEC and the CODE TEC are within 0.5 TECU and the root mean square error (RMSE) is very small when 49 data points are used. The maximum difference is ~5 TECU and the error is less than 1 TECU with 25 samples. Our study suggests that a random distribution of measurement points gives smaller RMSEs than a homogenous distribution when the number of sample points is low. The study indicates that RBF interpolation offers a powerful and reliable tool for ionospheric TEC mapping.