PLD技术在激光惯组等效器设计中的应用

为了降低实验成本和风险,参与控制系统仿真实验的激光惯组等效器研制就显得尤为重要。本文阐述如何利用先进的电子设计技术,提升激光惯组等效器的通用性、可扩展性和可移植能力,进而提高其可靠性、降低设计成本。对目前流行的电子设计手段———PLD技术,从器件的选择、HDL、设计流程和方法方面作了介绍,并在此基础上,以激光惯组测量数据处理装置功能模块设计为例,论述了PLD技术在激光惯组等效器设计中的应用,电路仿真及控制系统仿真实验结果表明,PLD技术的灵活使用,对激光惯组等效器集成设计十分有益。     

基于TDICCD相机有源低通滤波器的优化研究

文章通过分析低通滤波器的特性,指出航天TDICCD相机中有源低通滤波器的重要性,提出优化实现的可行性,并给出了具体原理电路及仿真结果。     

弹性磨头气驱主轴的磨抛接触特性研究

针对复杂形状工件磨抛的问题,设计了一种配有弹性磨头的小体积、高转速的气驱主轴。建立了该主轴磨抛加工过程的理论去除函数模型,并通过了试验验证。结果表明,仿真和试验得到的去除函数高度吻合,且均接近高斯型,属于理想的去除函数。在此基础上,采用气驱磨抛主轴与弹性树脂磨头进行了磨抛试验,探究了各个主要工艺参数对工件表面质量的影响。磨抛后工件表面粗糙度Ra由3.588μm降至0.401μm,证明该气驱主轴可用于高精度磨抛,并为复杂形状工件的高速磨抛提供了一定的理论依据。     

基于Jerk输入估计的MCS模型及非线性跟踪算法

针对强机动目标跟踪问题,基于当前统计(CS,Current Statistical)模型、改进输入估计 (MIE,Modified Input Estimation)和无迹强跟踪滤波器,提出了一种新的自适应目标跟踪算法.该算法引入Jerk输入估计改进了当前统计模型的状态方程和机动加速度方差调整方法,利用改进的无迹强跟踪滤波器实现了状态协方差、状态噪声协方差和机动频率的联合自适应.在没有加速度先验知识的情况下,能够实时准确跟踪目标连续强机动、匀加速机动和匀速运动状态.仿真实验表明:相比CS模型无迹滤波算法、CS模型无迹强跟踪算法和交互多模型算法,该算法在对目标强机动的适应性、跟踪精度和对突变状态跟踪的收敛性方面都有更好的性能.     

A novel approach of testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems based on failure evolution mechanism

Prognostics and health management (PHM) significantly improves system availability and reliability, and reduces the cost of system operations. Design for testability (DFT) developed concurrently with system design is an important way to improve PHM capability. Testability modeling and analysis are the foundation of DFT. This paper proposes a novel approach of testability modeling and analysis based on failure evolution mechanisms. At the component level, the fault progression-related information of each unit under test (UUT) in a system is obtained by means of failure modes, evolution mechanisms, effects and criticality analysis (FMEMECA), and then the failure-symptom dependency can be generated. At the system level, the dynamic attributes of UUTs are assigned by using the bond graph methodology, and then the symptom-test dependency can be obtained by means of the functional flow method. Based on the failure-symptom and symptom-test dependencies, testability analysis for PHM systems can be realized. A shunt motor is used to verify the application of the approach proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that this approach is able to be applied to testability modeling and analysis for PHM systems very well, and the analysis results can provide a guide for engineers to design for testability in order to improve PHM performance.     

一种新型水溶性芯模的制备和性能

概述了金属模具不易脱模的形状复杂的复合材料结构件成型中遇到的工艺技术难题,着重对水溶性芯模的制备工艺特点和性能进行了研究,并将所制得的水溶性芯模成功的用于树脂基复合材料结构件的制造中。结果表明,水溶性芯模的各项性能满足复杂异型复合材料结构件制造的要求。     

Multiple model particle flter track-before-detect for range ambiguous radar

The middle pulse repetition frequency（MPRF）and high pulse repetition frequency（HPRF）modes are widely adopted in airborne pulse Doppler（PD）radar systems,which results in the problem that the range measurement of targets is ambiguous.The existing data processing based range ambiguity resolving methods work well on the condition that the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）is high enough.In this paper,a multiple model particle flter（MMPF）based track-beforedetect（TBD）method is proposed to address the problem of target detection and tracking with range ambiguous radar in low-SNR environment.By introducing a discrete variable that denotes whether a target is present or not and the discrete pulse interval number（PIN）as components of the target state vector,and modeling the incremental variable of the PIN as a three-state Markov chain,the proposed algorithm converts the problem of range ambiguity resolving into a hybrid state fltering problem.At last,the hybrid fltering problem is implemented by a MMPF-based TBD method in the Bayesian framework.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed Bayesian approach can estimate target state as well as the PIN simultaneously,and succeeds in detecting and tracking weak targets with the range ambiguous radar.Simulation results also show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to that of the multiple hypothesis（MH）method in low-SNR environment.     

卫星集群概念研究

卫星星座的核心特征是扩展覆盖,卫星编队飞行的核心特征是扩展基线,这些相关概念都已找到其突出优势的应用。模块化分离卫星的重点落在了卫星上,容易引起＂为什么用一群卫星取代一颗卫星＂的质疑,对认识集群技术、寻找其有突出优势的应用有误导作用。文章提出了卫星集群的概念,指出集群的组成是个性化的卫星而不是卫星分系统这一事实,重点应落在集群上;提出了卫星集群的核心特征是卫星之间的集群关系,包括信息、物质和能量等的自组织交换;提出了集群关系、个性化特征和进化能力是卫星集群的三个社会化基本特征;指出区分一颗卫星是否属于卫星集群的标准是看该卫星是否具有社会化特征;比对人类社会个体间相互联系,预测和分析了卫星集群的社会层次关系;指出卫星集群族级应用是突破口,为寻找卫星集群相对于单颗卫星具有突出优势的典型应用指出了思路和方向。     

视觉导航下基于H2/H∞的航迹跟踪

为了从理论上研究视觉导航系统的特性,首先在物理上将视觉导航系统划分为传感器(摄像头、激光测距仪)和视觉处理计算机。针对视觉处理计算机,建立视觉位置测量模型。将视觉位置测量模型的不确定性分为参数不确定性和输入干扰2种。然后通过仿真详细分析了视觉位置估计针对不同模型不确定性的敏感程度。最后在引入视觉位置测量模型不确定性的基础上研究H₂/H_∞混合鲁棒控制在航迹跟踪上的应用,并给出了保证航迹控制系统稳定性和跟踪性能情况下的视觉位置测量模型摄动范围,对计算机视觉算法的研究具有一定的指导意义。