基于电动汽车驱动用无刷直流电机控制仿真

通过研究电动汽车中无刷直流电机(BLDCM)负载运行时电机的性能与负载之间的密切关系,针对BLDCM调速应用,提出了一种改进广义预测控制的算法。通过对仿真模型中的BLDCM的数学模型分析,建立BLDCM的控制系统并进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明:当采用改进广义预测算法,与以往的PID控制算法相比,BLDCM的负载稳态精度以及最大转速波动都得到明显的改善,具有响应快、控制精度高,电机负载抗干扰能力强等特点,BLDCM可满足电动汽车行驶中BLDCM运行的要求。     

基于VBA的Maxwell二次开发在无刷交流励磁机电磁计算中的应用

针对无刷交流励磁机复杂的结构特点,将Maxwell 16.0作为开发平台,使用Visual Basic for Application(VBA)程序开发语言,对该电机的建模、添加材料、施加激励、剖分以及后处理进行二次开发。对无刷交流励磁机建模中的定子绕组、磁极、转子槽、电枢绕组实现参数化,具有一键求解、自动剖分和后处理的自动出图等功能。基于Excel的开发平台,设计可视化界面,加强人机的信息交互,减少重复性的步骤,提高设计人员的效率,缩短电机的设计周期。     

大功率UVLED分布式驱动技术研究

以工业印刷过程中UVLED固化为应用背景,研究并设计了一种UVLED驱动控制系统。分析了采用分布式驱动的优势,确定了驱动电源采用两级驱动结构,包括前端AC/DC恒压模块和后端DC/DC恒流模块。对该系统的驱动电源模块进行了试验测试和结果分析,试验结果验证了该UVLED驱动控制系统的可行性。     

A novel integrated self-powered brake system for more electric aircraft

Traditional hydraulic brake systems require a complex system of pipelines between an aircraft engine driven pump (EDP) and brake actuators, which increases the weight of the aircraft and may even cause serious vibration and leakage problems. In order to improve the reliability and safety of more electric aircraft (MEA), this paper proposes a new integrated self-powered brake system (ISBS) for MEA. It uses a hydraulic pump geared to the main wheel to recover a small part of the kinetic energy of a landing aircraft. The recovered energy then serves as the hydraulic power supply for brake actuators. It does not require additional hydraulic source, thus removing the pipelines between an EDP and brake actuators. In addition, its self-powered characteristic makes it possible to brake as usual even in an emergency situation when the airborne power is lost. This paper introduces the working principle of the ISBS and presents a prototype. The mathematical models of a taxiing aircraft and the ISBS are established. A feedback linearization control algorithm is designed to fulfill the anti-skid control. Simulations are carried out to verify the feasibility of the ISBS, and experiments are conducted on a ground inertia brake test bench. The ISBS presents a good performance and provides a new potential solution in the field of brake systems for MEA.     

动力涡轮导叶可调的三轴式船用燃气轮机动态实时仿真

鉴于传统的燃气轮机建模方法用于动力涡轮导叶可调的三轴式船用燃气轮机动态实时仿真时具有一定局限性,提出了一种新型的基于径向基函数(Radical basis function,RBF)的神经网络与部件法(Component modeling method,CMM)的复合建模方法 (HMRC)。该方法针对该型燃气轮机的结构和总体性能特点,合理地选取了样本点以减小样本规模。通过神经网络与部件法分别计算燃气发生器与动力涡轮相关参数,采用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真软件建立实时仿真模型。与传统的部件法建立起来的仿真模型对比,新方法计算结果与部件法吻合度高,误差低于1%,同时模型的实时性得到了大幅提升,计算速度约为部件法的7倍。     

A self-similar solution of a curved shock wave and its time-dependent force variation for a starting flat plate airfoil in supersonic flow

The problem of aeroelasticity and maneuvering of command surface and gust wing interaction involves a starting flow period which can be seen as the flow of an airfoil attaining suddenly an angle of attack. In the linear or nonlinear case, compressive Mach or shock waves are generated on the windward side and expansive Mach or rarefaction waves are generated on the leeward side. On each side, these waves are composed of an oblique steady state wave, a vertically-moving one-dimensional unsteady wave, and a secondary wave resulting from the interaction between the steady and unsteady ones. An analytical solution in the secondary wave has been obtained by Heaslet and Lomax in the linear case, and this linear solution has been borrowed to give an approximate solution by Bai and Wu for the nonlinear case. The structure of the secondary shock wave and the appearance of various force stages are two issues not yet considered in previous studies and has been studied in the present paper. A self-similar solution is obtained for the secondary shock wave, and the reason to have an initial force plateau as observed numerically is identified. Moreover, six theoretical characteristic time scales for pressure load variation are determined which explain the slope changes of the time-dependent force curve.     

形状记忆合金变刚度结构振动控制仿真研究

为了实现Ti50Ni41Cu9形状记忆合金(SMA)用于复杂结构振动控制的动力学分析,掌握变刚度振动控制的机理和控制规律,基于Kelvin-Voigt粘弹性本构关系,建立了适用于动力学分析的SMA本构模型,并通过ABAQUS编写材料本构程序,形成有效的SMA结构动力学有限元仿真方法,实现了多参数影响下SMA结构的非线性稳态和瞬态动力学仿真计算。计算结果表明:SMA的宏观本构模型能够较好地反映材料动力学性能的变化特征,编制的UMAT子程序与试验数据吻合较好;变刚度控制可以有效降低定频激励引起的稳态响应,对于悬臂板结构响应降幅在40%以上;控制速率与响应的最终变化程度无关,但会引起系统非线性特征,从而影响控制过程需要的时间;采用对向变刚度控制可以降低跨越主频的瞬态振动响应,变温速率越快,系统的峰值响应越小,快速变温时会产生自发频带现象,其对主频能量有显著分散作用,可以一定程度上抑制最大响应峰值。     

边倒圆型气膜孔流动换热特性研究

为提高涡轮叶片气膜冷却效率,根据主流与射流间的相互作用关系,并以圆柱型气膜孔为基础,在气膜孔出口前缘位置进行边倒圆处理,同时对该新型的边倒圆型气膜孔结构进行了实验及数值计算研究。分析了边倒圆型气膜孔的流动换热机理,得到了新型气膜孔下游全表面气膜冷却特性分布及气膜孔的流量系数。结果表明:边倒圆型气膜孔内流动均匀,出口涡强度有所降低,进而能够减弱主流通道内的反转对涡强度;同时由于边倒圆孔的扩张作用使得射流法向动量降低、展向动量增强,从而提高气膜冷却效率。边倒圆型气膜孔的孔下游区域气膜贴壁性较好,气膜展向覆盖面积较大。相比于圆柱型气膜孔,边倒圆型气膜孔下游区域换热系数较高,远孔区域换热系数较小。新型气膜孔的流量系数比圆柱型气膜孔约大5%,孔内流动损失较小。整体上看,边倒圆型气膜孔具有较好的流动换热特性。     

小型感性耦合射频等离子体中和器的实验研究

为了研究适用于百瓦级电推力器的离子束流中和技术,基于电子鞘层模型、射频等离子体最优放电技术和通过插入探针实现快速点火的方法,设计了一套小型感性耦合射频等离子体中和器(RF plasma neutralizer,RPN)。实验研究了RPN中和器的稳定工作条件和电子引出特性,实现了RPN中和器稳定工作和电子有效引出。实验结果表明:电子引出特性主要取决于发射孔附近阳极斑的形成与否,而阳极斑的形成又主要受结构设计、工质流量和偏置电压等运行条件的影响;通过对RPN运行条件的优化试验,获得了55~150m A可调电子束流范围和较高的工质利用系数(3.9~10.5),满足离子束流中和需求;另外,实验中还观察到了电子束流随工质流量或偏置电压的迟滞现象。     

改进的Neumann-LU混合法在失谐整体叶盘随机分析中的应用

为了降低失谐整体叶盘的随机分析矩阵求逆的计算成本,提出一种基于Neumann级数和LU分解的改进Neumann-LU混合法。一方面,在非共振频率附近的大区域采用Neumann级数频域展开式以提高计算效率;另一方面,在共振频率附近小区域采用LU分解法以提高计算计算精度;根据Neumann级数展开项数来选定自适应阀值,实现两种矩阵求逆方法的自动转换而不用消耗额外的计算资源。选取具有失谐特征的整体叶盘为研究对象,分别运用改进的Neumann-LU混合法和单一LU分解法求解叶片在阶次激励下的频域响应,并从计算效率和计算精度方面进行比较。研究结果表明,在保证计算精度误差不大于0.1%的前提下,改进的Neumann-LU混合法可以提高失谐整体叶盘随机分析大约55%的计算效率。