引入虚拟仪器HS801,推进模拟电子技术实验教学改革

本文介绍了虚拟仪器HS801的基本功能及二次开发技术,给出了该虚拟仪器在模拟电子技术实验教学中的应用方案,并介绍了经验和体会。     

Cardiovascular effects of simulated zero-gravity in humans

Head-down and head-up [correction of heat-up] tilted bedrest (5 degrees) and head out water immersion (HOWI) for 6 hr were compared. Parameters: Cardiac output (rebreathing method), blood pressure (arm cuff), forearm blood flow (venous occlusion plethysmography), total peripheral (TPR), and forearm vascular (FVR) resistances, Hct, Hb, relative plasma volume (PV) changes, and plasma catecholamines (single-isotope assay). During HOWI there was as expected a decrement in TPR, FVR, Mean arterial pressure (MAP, from 100 to 80 mmHg), Hct, and PV, and--as a new finding--catecholamines, which were 30-50% lower compared with both +5 and -5 degrees bedrest. During head down tilt, MAP was elevated (to 100-110 mmHg) and catecholamines did not fall, while TPR and EVR slowly decreased over 6 hr. HOWI is a stronger stimulus than -5 degrees bedrest, probably because HOWI elevates central venous pressure more markedly emptying the peripheral veins, while bedrest permits a distension of veins, which induces an increase in sympathetic nervous activity.     

Does the centre of mass remain stable during complex human postural equilibrium tasks in weightlessness?

In normal gravity conditions the execution of voluntary movement involves the displacement of body segments as well as the maintenance of a stable reference value for equilibrium control. It has been suggested that centre of mass (CM) projection within the supporting base (BS) is the stabilised reference for voluntary action, and is conserved in weightlessness. The purpose of this study was to determine if the CM is stabilised during whole body reaching movements executed in weightlessness. The reaching task was conducted by two cosmonauts aboard the Russian orbital station MIR, during the Franco-Russian mission ALTAIR, 1993. Movements of reflective markers were recorded using a videocamera, successive images being reconstructed by computer every 40ms. The position of the CM, ankle joint torques and shank and thigh angles were computed for each subject pre- in- and post-flight using a 7-link mathematical model. Results showed that both cosmonauts adopted a backward leaning posture prior to reaching movements. Inflight, the CM was displaced throughout values in the horizontal axis three times those of pre-flight measures. In addition, ankle dorsi flexor torques inflight increased to values double those of pre- and post-flight tests. This study concluded that CM displacements do not remain stable during complex postural equilibrium tasks executed in weightlessness. Furthermore, in the absence of gravity, subjects changed their strategy for producing ankle torque during spaceflight from a forward to a backward leaning posture.     

暴时极光区热层大气焦耳加热与F区电离耗空的EISCAT雷达观测

利用ＥＩＳＣＡＴ雷达探测数据，分析计算了太阳活动高年夏季发生的一次强磁暴期间，极光区电离层对流电场、电导率以及焦耳加热速率等着重考察了Ｅ区热怪大气焦耳加热和Ｆ区离子摩擦增温与Ｆ区电子密度耗空的关系发现在下午东向极光电集流期间，电子密度最大耗空出现在Ｆ区３００－３２５ｋｍ高度，时间恰在积分的Ｅ区大气焦耳加热量大值和Ｆ区最大离子增温之后５－１０ｍｉｎ，耗空率达７０％。     

叶片精铸模CAD／CAM研究

介绍了精铸模ＣＡＤ系统的设计思路，针对人工设计中的难点，采用曲面造型、实体造型和特征造型相结合的方法辅助模具设计；重点介绍了分模面的设计原则及其分模面的计算与生成方法，对形状无大的差异而尺寸有所变化的零件进行参数化设计。     

现代战斗机飞行试验的组织管理

本文综述当今世界各国在第三代和第四代现代战斗机研制过程中进行了飞行试验的基本情况。     

导航控制系统用硅传感器的开发

当前，硅微机械器件引起导航与控制系统传感器开发者们越来越密切的关注，微硅加速度计和角速率传感器最根本的优势在于其体积小，功耗低，相对成本较低，而且与微电睡的组合成本低，可实现。本文介绍了ＲＤＣ在微硅加速度计和多用传感器研制方面的成果，介绍了硅平衡式加速度计和频率输出型开环加速度计的基本特性，同时，探讨了今后导航和控制系统中硅微机械应用的技术路线。     

陶瓷量块及其检测方法

1陶瓷量块量块的制造、使用、检定、保养、精度等都会影响到用其作测量标准的机械零件、计量器具等精确度，因此，对量块的制造、检定、精度、使用等均有一定的要求。用GCrls轴承钢及硬质合金钢等金属制造的量块使用较为普遍，其制造及使用的情况也较为成熟，它具有金属材料的特性，性能稳定，加工方便，价格低廉，应用广泛。而用新型陶瓷材料制作的陶瓷量块却鲜为人知。制作陶瓷量块的陶瓷材料是氧化铝（ZrO。）陶瓷，氧化诸瓷的密度大、硬度较高，尤其是机械性能即抗弯强度和断裂韧性较高，具备了制造高精度量块材料的基本特性，可以保…