仿壁虎刚毛阵列对卫星表面吸附能力模型与计算

壁虎脚的粘着机理对航天机器人脚掌的研制和开发具有重要启发意义.通过单根刚毛与光滑表面黏着力模型与计算、卫星粗糙表面分布模型与接触概率与计算、刚毛阵列与卫星粗糙表面黏着力模型与计算等,分析仿壁虎刚毛阵列对卫星表面的吸附能力,发现在一定条件下仿壁虎刚毛阵能够在太空失重环境中黏着在卫星表面,对航天舱内爬行机器人、管道机器人的...     

数字全息测量超高速撞击碎片云实验研究

在中国空气动力研究与发展中心(CARDC)超高速碰撞中心(HIRC)7.6 mm超高速碰撞设备的基础上,搭建纳秒级脉冲激光数字全息系统。提出滤波片和衰减片组合布置,减弱超高速碰撞等离子体自发光、提高信噪比的方法。实验获得了2.25 mm铝球弹丸以4.0 km/s的速度撞击0.5 mm厚铝板形成碎片云的全息图。采用小波变换算法对碎片云全息图进行重建,得到超高速撞击碎片云的三维结构和碎片大小。碎片云的轮廓呈椭球型,分为碎片云的前端、核心和外壳,碎片主要分布在弹丸破碎形成的碎片云核心,存在大碎片,且分布较集中,对后板的损伤也严重     

Effect of weightlessness on posture and movement control during a whole body reaching task

Here are reported preliminary results of the “Synergy” experiment performed aboard the Russian orbital station “MIR” in July 1993 (Altaïr Mission). The experiment was carried out before, during, and after the space flight of two astronauts (S1 and S2). The duration of the flight was 21 days for S1 and 6 month for S2. The subjects were tested during preflight, inflight and postflight. The astronaut subjects were fixed on the ground by the feet. They were asked to pick up a box in front of them on the ground. Two velocities of movement and two distances of the target to be reached were tested. The movement of several small markers placed on the body was recorded on video tape.

Results show that the shape of head and hand trajectories in the sagittal plane remains roughly the same during the flight in spite of the modification of mechanical constraints. Trajectory invariance does not result in joint angular displacement invariance. These data indicate that the planning of the movement takes place in terms of head and hand trajectories rather than joint rotations as it was previously suggested for simple arm reaching movement.     

Remote assistance experiment during the manned space flight Altair

This remote assistance trial, performed within the framework of the manned space flight Altaïr, was carried out by CADMOS (CNES), with the cooperation of the Sub-directorate of CNES Operational Systems, Medes, LBM of Tours and Christol Consultants. It consisted of supplying the cosmonaut performing the Orthostatism experiment (echograph acquisition) on board the Mir station with realtime assistance by an expert (LBM of Tours) working from the ground on the CADMOS premises. The various steps of the approach followed during the preparation phase are described, as well as the technical means of communication used between the Mir station and CADMOS.     

AMSAA模型对一次性使用产品的应用

本文介绍了ＡＭＳＡＡ模型用于一次性使用产品可靠性增长分析的原理及统计分析方法，给出了必要的数表，并以阿里安娜火箭的发射数据为实例，详细地叙述了这种方法的运用过程。     

浅谈工科专业课程思政的设计与实践

全面实施“课程思政”是促进中国提升高等院校本科教育水平,扎实推进落实立德树人根本任务的重要手段。思政元素与工科专业知识有机融合,不仅可以促进学生的科学思维、严密逻辑结构、创新能力等学科知识体系的建立,而且科学家们坚韧不拔的科学探索精神也涤荡着学生的内心,激发学生的内在学习热情,培养学生强烈的社会责任感和爱国情怀。本文介绍了工科专业课程思政顶层设计与实施过程中的一些有益的经验与做法,希冀能与学界进行广泛沟通与交流,促进思维火花的碰撞,提升自我教学水平,也动员更多教师积极主动投身到高校课程思政工作中,共同培养以德为先、五育并举的新时代专业人才。     

条件均值对可靠性测度Bayes可信限的应用（Ⅱ）

本文讨论条件均值对正态-正态结构可靠性、幂律过程可靠性测度的Bayes可信限的应用。     

双参数指数分布的可靠性评估（I）

本文对双参数指数分布的参数(位置参数μ，尺度参数θ)，可靠性测度(失效率λ，平均寿命M，可靠寿命tR，可靠度R(t))的UMVUE(一致最小方差无偏估计)无信息先验分布下的Bayes估计进行了讨论，并系统地给出了这些参数与测度的经典精确限、Fiducial精确限，无信息先验分布下的Bayes精确可信限，并用数值例说明了这些方法。     

Short-wave infrared reflectance investigation of sites of paleobiological interest: applications for Mars exploration

Rover missions to the rocky bodies of the Solar System and especially to Mars require lightweight, portable instruments that use minimal power, require no sample preparation, and provide suitably diagnostic mineralogical information to an Earth-based exploration team. Short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopic instruments such as the Portable Infrared Mineral Analyser (PIMA, Integrated Spectronics Pty Ltd., Baulkham Hills, NSW, Australia) fulfill all these requirements. We describe an investigation of a possible Mars analogue site using a PIMA instrument. A survey was carried out on the Strelley Pool Chert, an outcrop of stromatolitic, silicified Archean carbonate and clastic succession in the Pilbara Craton, interpreted as being modified by hydrothermal processes. The results of this study demonstrate the capability of SWIR techniques to add significantly to the geological interpretation of such hydrothermally altered outcrops. Minerals identified include dolomite, white micas such as illite-muscovite, and chlorite. In addition, the detection of pyrophyllite in a bleached and altered unit directly beneath the succession suggests acidic, sulfur-rich hydrothermal activity may have interacted with the silicified sediments of the Strelley Pool Chert.     

The implementation of game in a 20-day head-down tilting bed rest experiment upon mood status and neurotic levels of rest subjects

This study evaluated the effect of the implementation of game on mental health among participants in a bedrest (BR) experiment. Subjects were 12 healthy males aged 20-26, who participated in a 20-day 6-degrees head-down tilting BR experiment. The participants were asked to complete psychometrical questionnaires before, during, and after the experiment. We entrusted the participants to manage their leisure time and they intended a game in which all of them could take part over the experiment period. The general conversation and light-hearted mood among the subjects continued during the experimental period. Longitudinal data analysis showed that levels of neurosis and mood status did not deteriorate during the experiment, while our previous experiments, which were performed under the same protocol as this study except for the implementation of the game showed a distinct deterioration in psychosocial status. We consider that the implementation of game autonomously contributes to the positive effects on the mental health among the participants.