数控加工中在线测量线轮廓度误差应用研究

探讨数控加工中利用误差分离技术在线测量线轮廓度误差新方法,在进行误差分离计算机仿真基础上,在实际加工中进行实测,测量准确度和测量效率大大提高.     

有效载荷数据管理系统新技术实验

为满足在未来航天器上进行科学实验和空间探测的有效载荷数据采集、处理、存储、综合传输和数据管理需求 ,研制了中国第一个有效载荷数据管理系统 ;该系统在设计上采用了具有 90年代国际水平的多项先进技术 ,如采用先进的国际空间数据系统咨询委员会标准进行数据传输、以 15 5 3 B总线构成系统通信网络、大容量固态存储技术、高速多路复接器和数据管理系统软件。介绍了有效载荷数据管理系统及其技术特点 ,系统主要关键技术的设计与实现 ,以及由主要关键技术构成的缩微系统的在轨试验情况和结果。     

空间光学遥感器的主镜展开机构

采用分块可展开成像系统是空间光学遥感器实现大口径甚高分辨率的有效途径,主镜展开机构是分块可展开成像系统的关键部分之一。对空间光学遥感器主镜展开机构进行了大致分类,分析了几种典型主镜展开机构的组成、工作原理和特点。从结构形式、驱动方式、展开/锁定机构和理论研究等方面阐述了主镜展开机构的发展趋势,分析了中国发展主镜展开机构的主要技术难点,提出了这些技术难点的解决思路。     

An examination of the carbon isotope effects associated with amino acid biosynthesis

Stable carbon isotope ratios (delta(13)C) were determined for alanine, proline, phenylalanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, aspartate (aspartic acid and asparagine), glutamate (glutamic acid and glutamine), lysine, serine, glycine, and threonine from metabolically diverse microorganisms. The microorganisms examined included fermenting bacteria, organotrophic, chemolithotrophic, phototrophic, methylotrophic, methanogenic, acetogenic, acetotrophic, and naturally occurring cryptoendolithic communities from the Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Here we demonstrated that reactions involved in amino acid biosynthesis can be used to distinguish amino acids formed by life from those formed by nonbiological processes. The unique patterns of delta(13)C imprinted by life on amino acids produced a biological bias. We also showed that, by applying discriminant function analysis to the delta(13)C value of a pool of amino acids formed by biological activity, it was possible to identify key aspects of intermediary carbon metabolism in the microbial world. In fact, microorganisms examined in this study could be placed within one of three metabolic groups: (1) heterotrophs that grow by oxidizing compounds containing three or more carbon-to-carbon bonds (fermenters and organotrophs), (2) autotrophs that grow by taking up carbon dioxide (chemolitotrophs and phototrophs), and (3) acetoclastic microbes that grow by assimilation of formaldehyde or acetate (methylotrophs, methanogens, acetogens, and acetotrophs). Furthermore, we demonstrated that cryptoendolithic communities from Antarctica grouped most closely with the autotrophs, which indicates that the dominant metabolic pathways in these communities are likely those utilized for CO(2 )fixation. We propose that this technique can be used to determine the dominant metabolic types in a community and reveal the overall flow of carbon in a complex ecosystem.     

利用10N推力器羽流试验数据建立羽流场数学模型

利用MBB10N推力器羽流试验数据建立推力器羽流场的数学模型并确定其模型参数,以便利用此数学模型分析此类推力器对卫星的羽流干扰力、干扰力矩以及对太阳翼、敏感器的热效应等羽流污染。本文建立的羽流场数学模型不同于Simons羽流场数学模型及羽流特征线方法,但本质上仍满足羽流远流场为自由分子流的假设条件;本文建立的羽流场数学模型的非线性表达式更便于利用试验数据实现系统辨识,而且可达到相当满意的辨识准度。     

Experimental investigation on a cavity-step-actuated supersonic oscillating jet

Wind tunnel testing is conducted at different back pressures in a vacuum-type wind tun-nel for a novel supersonic fluidic oscillator which consists of a two-dimensional Laval nozzle, a rect-angular cavity and a backward step, to obtain its characteristics and the conditions for jet oscillating. The experimental results show that periodic asymmetrical flipping of the supersonic jet appears over certain nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) range according to schlieren visualization and pressure fluctuations. The jet flipping appears only when the jet is over expanded. The normal-ized average amplitude of the lateral pressure difference acting on the roofs of the cavity and the step varies around 0.2 while the periodic flipping appears. The supersonic jet periodic flipping fre-quencies obtained from the experiments agree well with those from the modified Rossiter mode for cavity-step acoustic resonance, but further investigations are needed to discover the underlying mechanism for the jet flipping.     

Experiment on a Double-Foot Stepping Piezoelectric Linear Motor

A novel double-foot piezoelectric linear motor is proposed.The kinematic model of the motor under stepping motion is presented.The motor mainly consists of a stator with four piezoelectric stacks,a mover,a holding mechanism,and a preloading mechanism to achieve large stroke with high resolution.Finite element simulations are carried out to analyze the motion characteristics of the motor.A prototype is fabricated and a serial experiments are conducted to validate the feasibility of the motor principle.Experimental results indicate that the motor can move at a speed of 670.22μm/s with a driving frequency of 120 Hz and a voltage of 120 V.The resolution of the proposed motor is 3.6μm while the resolution of the single-step motion is 0.1μm.     

Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.     

基于支持向量回归代理模型的气动力优化设计

目前,气动力优化设计中通常基于经验风险最小化原则构建代理模型,预测精度的提高需要更多的训练样本,计算代价较大,同时盲目降低代理模型的训练误差难以避免过学习问题。针对上述问题,首先提出采用支持向量回归(SVR)方法基于结构风险最小化原则构建代理模型的思路,然后对测试函数和翼型阻力进行预测,最后对某型运输机机翼进行优化设计试验。结果表明:与其他代理模型对比,基于SVR的代理模型在小样本情况下具有较好的泛化能力,并且能够快速准确地预测气动特性,在飞机优化设计中,可以提高工作效率,优化结果可靠、可控。     

高阶精度方法下的湍流生成项对跨声速流动数值模拟的影响研究

利用五阶空间离散精度的WCNS格式和多块结构网格技术,通过求解雷诺平均NS方程,开展了SST两方程模型不同湍流生成项组合方式对跨声速流动数值模拟影响的计算分析。研究的主要目的是为高阶精度格式在复杂外形上的工程应用提供技术支撑。计算模型采用了RAE2822超临界翼型和DLR-F6翼身组合体构型。研究内容主要包括不同湍流生成项对残差收敛历程、边界层湍流粘性系数分布、边界层速度分布、压力系数分布以及模型整体气动力特性的影响。不同湍流生成项组合方式的流场计算结果还与风洞试验数据进行了对比。研究结果表明:对于小迎角不存在明显分离的跨声速流动,不同湍流生成项对流场的高精度计算结果的影响很小,可以不用考虑。