基于合成卷积层网络结构的焊缝X射线图片缺陷筛选技术

焊接技术应用于多个领域,近些年焊缝缺陷自动检测技术成为了重要的研究方向。本文基于VGG-16卷积神经网络的良好分类性能,提出一种SC-VGG网络结构,利用合成卷积层替换了单个卷积层,同时改进了训练过程中的损失函数,使网络结构更为关注焊缝缺陷类型预测的结果。经过实验测试,SC-VGG网络结构在训练过程中损失函数曲线可以很好的收敛,与其他网络结构相比对焊缝缺陷特征的提取性能更好,平均准确率和召回率达到了95.86%和98.33%,为焊缝缺陷自动化识别提供了算法支撑。     

空客公司成功的机翼设计I——A300及A310机翼设计

空客公司的成功离不开其先进的机翼设计,其机翼由英国宇航公司负责设计和生产。空客飞机机翼先进的空气动力设计,包括尖峰后加载翼型、超临界翼型、先进跨声速机翼设计——超临界机翼设计、机翼与机身的干扰、翼梢小翼设计、增升装置设计,机翼低重量设计、机翼构型与载荷,详细设计,结构设计和低成本设计等。作为系列论文之一,综述A300及A310的机翼设计特点。     

Jets Downstream of Collisionless Shocks

Space Science Reviews - Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies in solar and space plasma environments. While energy spectra of accelerated electrons often exhibit a power law,...     

基于极线几何的统计优化特征匹配算法

针对基于特征点的图像匹配中匹配数目不多以及重复结构下匹配较差等问题,提出了一种基于极线几何的统计优化特征匹配算法。利用正确匹配特征点之间满足对极约束的特点,从而可以减小特征点搜索区域,避免由于重复结构引起的误匹配对。首先使用一个小的特征点样本估计图像之间的基本矩阵,并利用它结合对极约束模型来引导特征匹配;然后利用基于特征点主方向和尺度信息的统计优化方法进一步消除误匹配,得到最终匹配结果。实验结果表明,该算法对图像的旋转和缩放变换具有良好的鲁棒性,匹配精度和数目有了很大提升,对于具有重复结构的图像匹配效果也较好。     

空间站常用元器件的霉菌敏感性研究

为研究空间站常用元器件的霉菌敏感性,选取空间站常用11大类元器件,针对霉菌对元器件的可能影响进行深入分析。基于空间站特定霉菌环境设计了加速试验方案,研究建立了基于元器件损伤程度的敏感等级分类方法,获取了不同元器件对霉菌的敏感性结果以及对应的敏感部位,为后续空间站用元器件质保工作的完善奠定基础。     

View-dependent progressive transmission and rendering for lunar model based on bicubic subdivision-surface wavelet

Given the fact that the back of the digital lunar model is invisible from any viewpoint, a view-dependent progressive transmission and rendering method for lunar model is proposed and a client-server browsing system is implemented. On the server side, the semi-regular lunar surface is partitioned into dozens of segments, and each segment is compressed independently using bicubic subdivision-surface wavelet and SPIHT. For any viewpoint, only the data of the visible segments are transmitted to the client side progressively, then decoded and locally reconstructed there. This approach not only improves the efficiency of transmission, but also reduces the reconstruction time greatly. We can browse the lunar model on the client almost in realtime.     

采用改进非支配近邻免疫算法的低轨混合星座设计优化

针对低轨同构星座覆盖资源在纬度上分布不均匀的不足,提出采用低轨混合星座提升覆盖均匀性的设计方案,并推导了满足全球任意点平均每天覆盖一定次数的最小卫星规模估算公式。针对非支配近邻免疫算法（NNIA）约束处理方面的不足,提出基于约束支配的改进非支配近邻免疫算法（Modified NNIA）,并以此设计了一种低轨混合星座优化平台来优化带约束的星座设计问题。仿真结果表明,改进的NNIA算法在收敛速度和多样性上均优于非支配分层遗传算法（NSGA II）和多目标粒子群算法（MOPSO）,可大大提高星座设计的效率。同时优化结果也表明低轨混合星座可提高覆盖的均匀性和大部分区域的覆盖次数,进而减少特定覆盖要求所需的卫星数目。     

真空出气对星用聚酰亚胺材料电导率的影响

卫星介质材料在真空环境下的出气有可能对材料本身的介电性能产生显著影响,增加长期服役卫星寿命末期的充放电风险。文章以卫星上常用的聚酰亚胺材料为对象,通过地面90Sr-90Y辐照源加速辐照试验研究了在材料真空出气后其表面充电平衡负电位的变化,并据此计算出材料电导率的变化规律。结果显示,在5 pA/cm2电子辐照强度下,聚酰亚胺样品的电导率随着出气量的增加而明显下降,在总质量损失达到0.5%时,电导率减小一半左右。初步分析了出气导致电导率下降的物理机制。研究结果对卫星寿命末期充放电防护设计有指导意义。     

Fractional order tension control for stable and fast tethered satellite retrieval

The retrieval of a tethered satellite system is intrinsically unstable. This paper develops a new control strategy to retrieve the tethered satellite system stably and quickly using the fractional order control theory. The governing equation of the tethered satellite system and classic linear feedback tension control law were first reviewed and examined as a benchmark. Then, a new fractional order tension control law has been to avoid the tethered satellite winds around the main satellite near the end of retrieval by existing integer order tension control laws. The newly proposed control law has been discretized and implemented by the Laplace transform and Tustin operator. Unlike the existing integer order control laws, which are based on the feedback of current state and memoryless, the fractional order control law has the memory of previous states and thus controls the tether retrieval more smoothly while maintaining the retrieving speed. The effectiveness and advantage of the new fractional order tension control law is demonstrated numerically by comparing with its integer order counterpart. The results show that the new control law not only retrieves the subsatellite without winding around the main satellite, but also provides a better control performance with smaller in-plane libration angles.