Global ionospheric scintillations revealed by GPS radio occultation data with FY3C satellite before midnight during the March 2015 storm

Global observations of S4 amplitude scintillation index by the GPS Occultation Sounder (GNOS) on FengYun-3 C (FY3C) satellite reveal global dynamic patterns of a strong pre-midnight scintillations in F-region of the ionosphere during the St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic super storm of 17–19 March 2015. The observed strong scintillations mainly occurred in the low latitudes, caused by equatorial plasma bubbles. During the main storm phase (March 17), the scintillations were first triggered in the New Zealand sector near 160°E longitudes, extending beyond 40°S dip latitude. They were also enhanced in the Indian sector, but significantly suppressed in East Asia near 120°E longitude and in Africa around 30°E longitude. During the initial recovery phase (March 18–19), the global scintillations were seldom observed in GNOS data. During the later recovery phase (after March 19), the scintillations recovered to the pre-storm level in Indian, African, and American sectors, but not in East Asian and any of Pacific sectors. These results closely correlate with observations of the density depletion structures by the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite, and ground-based instruments. Such consistency indicates reliability of our scintillation sensing approach even in a case-by-case comparison study. The prompt penetration electric field and disturbance dynamo electric field are suggested as the main factors that control the enhancement and inhibition of the scintillations during the storm, respectively.     

Ionospheric F2-Layer critical frequency retrieved from COSMIC radio occultation: A statistical comparison with measurements from a meridional ionosonde chain over Southeast Asia

In this paper, we compared the F2-Layer critical frequency (foF2) derived from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation (RO) and ionosondes at Chiang Mai, Chumphon and Kototabang during the years 2008–2015 to evaluate the performance of COSMIC RO over Southeast Asia region. The results show that the time development of foF2 values derived from COSMIC RO generally agrees well with those from ionosonde measurements. However, the differences between the foF2 derived from COSMIC RO and that derived from ionosonde observations display latitudinal dependence. COSMIC RO tends to underestimate foF2 at Chiang Mai and Kototabang, which is near to the north EIA crest and the south one, respectively, while a little overestimate foF2 at Chumphon, which is close to the geomagnetic equator. COSMIC RO agrees best with ionosonde at Chumphon and worst at Chiang Mai. At each ionosonde station, the quality of COSMIC RO data degrades with the increase of solar activity. In addition, at the station Chiang Mai and Kototabang, COSMIC RO performs better in summer than in equinox and winter. Furthermore, the differences in foF2 derived from COSMIC RO and that from ionosonde measurements vary with local time, i.e., the differences in foF2 are generally smaller at night and larger in noontime when equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) is well developed.     

MSG-3在民用航空器维修大纲制定中的应用

国内民用航空器的研发起步较晚,目前投入运行的国产航空器型号种类和数量都不多,航空器制造厂家在制定维修大纲方面的经验较少.本文对国际上通行的MSG-3维修任务分析方法进行研究,首先介绍MSG-3维修任务分析方法产生和发展的历史背景,以及其在国内民机型号中的应用;然后详细叙述MSG-3维修任务分析方法(包括航空器系统、动力装置维修任务的分析方法,结构检查和区域检查任务的分析方法,以及形成维修大纲的流程和维修任务的后期优化);最后通过对航空器型号的审查经验,总结我国民用航空器制造厂家在制定航空器维修大纲时存在的问题和改进方向.     

自适应遥测信道速率的分包遥测调度方案

在卫星分包遥测静态分配适应单一遥测信道的方案基础上,提出了一种改进型动态自适应遥测信道速率的遥测分包方法,将包传输的控制参数由绝对参数优化为相对参数,从而满足不同信道速率、不同包源速率下的包传输适应性.该方法通过将遥测包周期计数与遥测包静态分配的传输周期的比值作为遥测包传输等待迫切比例系数,用相对的传输迫切比例系数值对全部遥测包进行排序,从大到小组入遥测信道下传.通过这种遥测包调度策略解决了遥测信道速率变换对包传输控制的影响.此外通过调节遥测包传输比例系数也能很好地解决遥测包数据率变化对信道传输的适应能力的影响,如数据率增加时整体降低包传输频率、数据率减少时整体加快包传输频率.     

UKF方法在脉冲星自主导航中的应用

针对X射线脉冲星自主导航中的非线性系统滤波问题,将无迹卡尔曼滤波方法应用于自主导航计算过程中。首先,在简述脉冲星导航可行性的基础上,研究了脉冲星自主导航系统的基本原理和实施方案。然后,根据牛顿二体引力模型构建了航天器运动状态方程,根据脉冲到达时间模型建立了系统观测方程,并对二者进行了误差分析和建模。最后,将UKF算法应用于航天器自主导航过程中,仿真结果表明该方法能够实现航天器自主导航信息的解算。     

可用于短舱结构的机织复合材料几何参数对力学性能的影响分析

基于建立的复合材料渐进失效模型(PD model),通过引入机织复合材料纤维束波动形态特征,对PD模型进行了修正。通过与实验结果及其它模型结果的对比验证了修正后模型的有效性。同时,采用PD模型系统,全面地分析了平纹机织复合材料的几何参数包括波动角、编织角、总体纤维体积分数对其力学性能的影响,获得了机织复合材料力学性能随几何参数变化的趋势。其中指出Graphite/Epoxy机织复合材料由于其纤维与基体模量差异性较大而造成其力学性能相较于E-glass/Epoxy机织复合材料受波动角的影响较大;编织角对机织复合材料面内力学性能的影响更为显著,面内力学性能随编织角的变化以一种波动形式出现;机织复合材料的总体纤维体积比越大,纤维束的力学性能就越强,机织复合材料的力学性能也就越强,且这一增长趋势接近于指数增长。     

新构型倾转旋翼无人机飞行力学建模

倾转旋翼无人机飞行力学模型是设计飞行控制律和分析飞行特性的基础。从一款在研的新构型倾转旋翼无人机工程实际出发,建立该无人机非线性飞行力学模型;分析新构型倾转旋翼机相比常规倾转旋翼机的特点和优势,建立直升机模式、倾转过渡模式和固定翼模式下各部件飞行力学模型;并针对直升机模式,对不同飞行速度进行配平及稳定性分析。结果表明:该构型倾转旋翼无人机直升机模式横航向模态具有很好的稳定性,直升机模式悬停状态横纵向模态基本没有耦合。     

基于时频二维估计的卫星导航失锁快速重定位技术

卫星导航接收机在天线受到遮挡或者弱信号环境中易出现信号失锁现象,信号恢复后的重定位时间成为接收机的一项重要性能指标。提出一种基于时频二维估计、适用于中低动态应用场景的失锁快速重定位技术,利用信号失锁前测量的载波多普勒频率和码相位等信息对失锁后的多普勒频率及码相位进行估计,信号恢复后直接启用信号跟踪,无需进行位同步和帧同步,即可实现快速重定位。对该技术进行工程实现及试验验证,结果表明信号输入功率高于–145dBm(积分时间为10ms)、失锁时间小于60s时,接收机重定位时间在1s以内。     

灌封用硫化硅橡胶空间适用性分析

针对航天器灌封用硫化硅橡胶,研究了其在γ射线辐照前后电学性能及力学性能的变化规律,揭示了引起性能变化的内部状态的变化及性能变化机理,同时也研究了其在空间站和载人舱中应用时的阻燃特性、逸出有害气体情况、抗菌防霉性能。结果表明,总剂量辐照后硫化硅橡胶的红外特征峰峰位和峰强基本上未产生变化,热分解行为也无变化,但绝缘性能增强,力学性能随着剂量的提升先增强后衰减,硬度不断增大然后趋于稳定,阐述了出现这些现象的原因。在载人舱中应用时应注意垂直燃烧特性及对部分细菌的抗菌性能。研究成果可为硫化硅橡胶在航天器中的使用提供参考和指导。