高强高模聚乙烯纤维对大掺量矿物掺合料高强混凝土抗冻性的影响

用快冻法研究高性能的高强高模聚乙烯(High elasticity module polyethylene,HEMP)纤维对大掺量矿物掺合料高强混凝土(High strength concrete,HSC)抗冻性的影响.结果表明,大掺量矿物掺合料HSC具有较好的抗冻性,但是其抗冻性对养护环境RH非常敏感,干燥养护条件下的冻融寿命仅有标准养护的38%～40%.掺加0.1%HEMP纤维虽然降低了大掺量矿物掺合料HSC的抗冻性,但能够显著改善其抗冻性对养护环境RH的敏感性,在30%RH～50%RH养护条件下的冻融寿命高达标准养护时的81%～90%.     

基于传输矩阵法的等离子体鞘套传输特性分析

引入分层模型传输矩阵法,分析高速临近空间飞行器等离子体鞘套传输特性.通过对典型飞行器模型进行纳维-斯托克斯方程组数值求解,仿真了等离子体鞘套的流场电子密度分布,分析了电磁波在等离子体鞘套内传输时的衰减常数,给出信号传输的反射系数和透射系数.基于传输矩阵法的仿真结果与理论分析结果和时域有限差分法仿真分析结果有良好的一致性,同时,该方法有效降低了计算复杂度,适用于任意电子密度分布和厚度的等离子体鞘套传输特性的数值求解.     

GTEM电磁敏感度测试系统的研制

90年代以来 ,GTEM以其独特的优越性在电磁兼容测试领域中得到了广泛的应用。许多先进国家的军用工业标准均推荐采用此项技术。文中给出了一套适合我航天型号电磁兼容测试要求的 GTEM电磁敏感度测试系统。该测试系统由 GTEM、双定向耦合器、功率计、功率放大器、射频开关矩阵、信号源、计算机组成。其工作原理是 ,按照辐射电磁敏感度的测试要求 ,系统应在试样所在区域产生幅度和频率均已知的连续波电磁场 ,当系统集成完成后 ,只需调整GTEM端口的馈入信号功率、频率以及试样安放的位置 ,即可在试样所在区域产生测试所需的连续波电磁场。系统测控软件兼顾系统的安全性及可操作性 ,采用人机对话的方式 ,在WINDOWS3.1环境下运行。该系统测试操作直观简便 。     

一种新型微型杆式超声电机及其驱动原理

提出了一种新型微型杆式超声电机,并对该杆式电机的驱动机理进行了仿真。该电机采用两段金属柱体压紧5片压电陶瓷片作为定子。该定子结构和压电陶瓷片的布局方式可以提高其机电转换效率。为尽量减小定、转子之间的径向滑移以提高摩擦传动效率,电机采用了柔性转子,对原理样机及其微型驱动器进行了性能实验。电机的外径为9mm,长度为15mm,重3.2g。当电机工作在杆式定子的一阶弯曲频率(72kHz)附近时,电机实测最大转速为520r/min,最大输出力矩为4.5mN·m。实验结果表明,该电机具有良好的稳定性,利用频率自动跟踪技术对电机转速进行闭环控制,可以将其转速波动稳定在3%之内。     

基于ESO的高超声速飞行器解耦控制

针对高超声速飞行器三通道具有强耦合的问题,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器的全通道解耦控制方法。该方法不需要根据耦合项特点设计耦合补偿模型,而是通过设计扩张状态观测器,将高超声速飞行器耦合项视为扰动,利用扩张状态观测器具有实时跟踪估计扰动的能力,将耦合项扰动估计出来。通过补偿控制来消除耦合的影响,从而完成解耦控制。进一步,通过LQR控制方法完成姿态控制系统的闭环反馈控制律设计,最终实现一种工程上实用的高超声速飞行器解耦控制方法,并通过数学仿真验证了该控制方法的正确性和有效性。     

Electrochemical trepanning with uniform electrolyte flow around the entire blade profile

In the traditional machining process for diffusers, blades are easily deformed, and methods suffer from high tool wear and low efficiency. Electrochemical machining(ECM) possesses unique advantages when applied to these difficult-to-machine materials. In the ECM process, theflow field plays a crucial role. Here, an electrolyte flow mode that supplies uniform flow around the entire blade profile was adopted for electrochemical trepanning of diffusers. Various flow rates were employed to obtain the optimal flow field. Simulations were conducted using ANSYS software, and results indicated that increasing the flow rate substantially afforded a more uniform flowfield. A series of experiments was then performed, and results revealed that increasing the flow rate greatly improved both the machining efficiency and the surface quality of the diffusers. The maximum feeding rate of the cathode reached 4 mm/min, the blade taper of the concave part decreased to 0.02, and the blade roughness was reduced to 1.216 lm. The results of this study demonstrated the high feasibility of this method and its potential for machining other complex components for engineering applications.     

Low-latitude storm time ionospheric predictions using support vector machines

The electromagnetic drift plays an important role in low-latitude storm time ionospheric dynamics. In this study we attempt to utilize the electric field data into ionospheric predictions by using support vector machine (SVM), a promising algorithm for small-sample nonlinear regressions. Taking the disturbance electric field data as input, different SVMs have been trained for three seasonal bins at two stations near the north crest of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA). Eighteen storm events are used to check out their predicting abilities. The results show fairly good agreement between the predictions and observations. Compared with STORM, a widely used empirical correlation model, the SVM method brings a relative improvement of 23% for these testing events. Based on this study we argue that the SVM method can improve the storm time ionospheric predictions.     

试飞员能力模型研究

在飞行器研制和人类飞行探索中,试飞员的能力至关重要。针对以往对试飞员能力的评价基本停留在"客观、正确、诚信、能力以及尊重他人"等主观、感性层面,分析了试飞员在飞行器研制试验与鉴定中的作用和任务,给出了试飞员能力模型和"百分制"对试飞员的计划、飞行、评价、报告和建议等基本能力的量化分配。将试飞员能力显性化,有利于试飞员能力的客观评价。     

Evaluation and improvement of coastal GNSS reflectometry sea level variations from existing GNSS stations in Taiwan

Global sea level rise due to an increasingly warmer climate has begun to induce hazards, adversely affecting the lives and properties of people residing in low-lying coastal regions and islands. Therefore, it is important to monitor and understand variations in coastal sea level covering offshore regions. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been successfully used to robustly derive sea level heights (SLHs). In Taiwan, there are a number of continuously operating GNSS stations, not originally installed for sea level monitoring. They were established in harbors or near coastal regions for monitoring land motion. This study utilizes existing SNR data from three GNSS stations (Kaohsiung, Suao, and TaiCOAST) in Taiwan to compute SLHs with two methods, namely, Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (LSP)-only, and LSP aided with tidal harmonic analysis developed in this study. The results of both methods are compared with co-located or nearby tide gauge records. Due to the poor quality of SNR data, the worst accuracy of SLHs derived from traditional LSP-only method exceeds 1?m at the TaiCOAST station. With our procedure, the standard deviations (STDs) of difference between GNSS-derived SLHs and tide gauge records in Kaohsiung and Suao stations decreased to 10?cm and the results show excellent agreement with tide gauge derived relative sea level records, with STD of differences of 7?cm and correlation coefficient of 0.96. In addition, the absolute GNSS-R sea level trend in Kaohsiung during 2006–2011 agrees well with that derived from satellite altimetry. We conclude that the coastal GNSS stations in Taiwan have the potential of monitoring absolute coastal sea level change accurately when our proposed methodology is used.     

Global ionospheric scintillations revealed by GPS radio occultation data with FY3C satellite before midnight during the March 2015 storm

Global observations of S4 amplitude scintillation index by the GPS Occultation Sounder (GNOS) on FengYun-3 C (FY3C) satellite reveal global dynamic patterns of a strong pre-midnight scintillations in F-region of the ionosphere during the St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic super storm of 17–19 March 2015. The observed strong scintillations mainly occurred in the low latitudes, caused by equatorial plasma bubbles. During the main storm phase (March 17), the scintillations were first triggered in the New Zealand sector near 160°E longitudes, extending beyond 40°S dip latitude. They were also enhanced in the Indian sector, but significantly suppressed in East Asia near 120°E longitude and in Africa around 30°E longitude. During the initial recovery phase (March 18–19), the global scintillations were seldom observed in GNOS data. During the later recovery phase (after March 19), the scintillations recovered to the pre-storm level in Indian, African, and American sectors, but not in East Asian and any of Pacific sectors. These results closely correlate with observations of the density depletion structures by the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite, and ground-based instruments. Such consistency indicates reliability of our scintillation sensing approach even in a case-by-case comparison study. The prompt penetration electric field and disturbance dynamo electric field are suggested as the main factors that control the enhancement and inhibition of the scintillations during the storm, respectively.