焊接残余应力超声无损检测技术

基于声弹性理论,针对天然气输送管道焊缝残余应力检测问题,本文提出了一种检测新技术,并研制残余应力超声检测系统。该系统采用一发一收的探头分布方式,传感器沿着管道直焊缝放置,传感器吸附于管道外壁并在管道表面及亚表面激发出临界折射纵波,测得管道外壁沿着直焊缝处的焊接残余应力分布情况,并且经过实验验证该系统对管道焊接残余应力测量的可靠性。针对温度变化较大环境下的曲面材料的残余应力检测问题,提出了温度补偿技术和曲率补偿技术。     

拦截器点火冲击模拟试验技术研究

介绍了拦载器的点火冲击地面模拟技术研究。通过梯形波冲击和波形复现试验模拟,测量出了导引头和惯组的角速率差别,并通过控制轨控力的方式获得了角速率频响函数,为结构修改和制导控制系统改进提供了重要依据。     

The “peaceful purposes” principle in outer space and the Russia–China PPWT Proposal

Using the global commons for “peaceful purposes” is agreed upon among states in principle but disputed in substance. While non-militarization has been superceded by the doctrine of non-aggression, the latter, as a necessary rather than sufficient condition for “peaceful purposes”, is tested to its limit by the pressing issue of space weaponization. An international treaty to plug the gaps of the Outer Space Treaty should be negotiated. This would require the prohibition of both weapons in outer space and anti-satellite weapons on Earth. The Draft Treaty on Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space and of the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects, proposed by Russia and China at the Conference on Disarmament, is an effort in this direction. However, divided views are held on several issues arising from the draft treaty, e.g. the efficiency of the current regime of outer space law, definitions of “weapons in space” and “threat or use of force”, and verification. A primary reason for US opposition to the draft treaty are security concerns over its space assets. However, exercising the right of self-defense is excluded from the obligations of disarmament and this is explicitly affirmed in the draft treaty.     

基于UG/Motion的轴对称球面塞式

根据轴对称球面塞式矢量喷管的结构特点,应用UG NX软件自顶向下装配建模技术建立了该喷管3维实体模型,并运用UG/Motion技术建立该喷管的运动模型。通过对该运动模型的运动仿真模拟了该喷管的真实非矢量和矢量运动状态,验证了运动机构方案的合理性和可行性。初步研究了矢量作动筒不同布置方式对控制规律的影响,确定矢量作动筒的控制规律及行程范围和主要运动构件的运动轨迹,为喷管模型试验件工程设计提供了依据     

Seismo-ionospheric anomalies in total electron content of the GIM and electron density of DEMETER before the 27 February 2010 M8.8 Chile earthquake

In this paper we examine the pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies by the total electron content (TEC) extracted from GIM (global ionospheric map) and the electron density (Ne) observed by the DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite during the 2010 M8.8 Chile earthquake. Temporal variations show the nighttime TEC and Ne simultaneously increase 9–19 days before the earthquake. A cross-comparison of data recorded during the period of 1 February to 3 March in 2006–2010 confirms the above temporal anomalies specifically appear in 2010. The spatial analyses show that the anomalies tend to appear over the epicenter.     

任意曲面上射线的寻迹方法

为计算任意曲面上天线间的隔离度,提出一种射线寻迹的新算法——最小夹角法.首先对任意曲面表面进行三角形网格剖分,并按照文中要求的格式生成模型表面网格数据;用文中提出的"最小夹角法"对上述网格数据进行处理,从而达到快速准确地找出任意曲面上、任意两点间的短程线.求解了位于圆柱体、椭球体及任意组合体上任意两点间的短程线长度,验证了"最小夹角法"的准确性.     

一种月球软着陆参考轨迹解析算法研究

使用了高度和航向航程匹配求解推重比的算法,解决了一种无直接解析解的参考轨迹的求解问题.在数值仿真的基础上,简化了参考轨迹的求解,给出了推重比与高度和航向航程的关系,以及这些关系存在的原因.应用Monte Carlo仿真法对该方法求解的可行性进行了仿真验证,并基于一个类Apollo的参考轨迹,验证了算法对参数分布引起的状态不定具有鲁棒性.     

基于传动误差和齿面印痕控制的弧齿锥齿轮小轮加工参数的设计(英文)

This paper proposes a new approach to design pinion machine tool-settings for spiral bevel gears by controlling contact path and transmission errors. It is based on the satisfaction of contact condition of three given control points on the tooth surface. The three meshing points are controlled to be on a predesigned straight contact path that meets the pre-designed parabolic function of transmission errors. Designed separately, the magnitude of transmission errors and the orientation of the contact path are subjected to precise control. In addition, in order to meet the manufacturing requirements, we suggest to modify the values of blank offset, one of the pinion machine tool-settings, and redesign pinion ma- chine tool-settings to ensure that the magnitude and the geometry of transmission errors should not be influenced apart from minor effects on the predesigned straight contact path. The proposed approach together with its ideas has been proven by a numerical example and the manufacturing practice of a pair of spiral bevel gears.     

系统级链路预算方法

计算地面站和飞行器之间的通信链路余量问题常依赖于简单的数学叠加法,但在实际应用中,复杂飞行器模型以及气候条件等干扰因素都容易造成天线方向图的畸变,从而导致链路预算不准.为了尽可能准确评估链路性能,提出了一种系统级链路预算评估方法.应用旋转变换矩阵,建立了姿态变化造成天线方向图相对变化的关系式.仿真得出装机后天线方向图畸变信息.根据相对变化量对方向图信息作数据挖掘.按全系统链路余量表达式计算变姿态情况下链路余量.评估了一种超短波通信天线与地面站天线间的通信链路性能,以及飞机降落时航向天线和航向台站之间的通信链路问题,表明该方法具有一定工程应用价值.     

子孔径拼接检测方法的目标函数优化

子孔径拼接检测技术是一种利用小口径干涉仪实现对大口径光学系统检测的有效方法.在子孔径拼接算法中,需要对子孔径重叠区域的采样数据进行最小二乘拟合,得到各孔径的相对误差,从而将它们统一到同一参考面上,完成拼接.最小二乘拟合目标函数的优劣将直接影响拼接精度的高低.文章利用光学仿真软件,提取对误差敏感的Zernike多项式的项,并推导得到具有较高精度的目标函数,通过仿真计算验证了该目标函数能满足高精度子孔径拼接的要求.