基于自适应差分进化和BP网络的罗盘误差补偿

To improve the acuuracy of heading angle measured by electronic compass, a new error compensation method is proposed based on adaptive differential evolution algorithm and BP neural network. In the method, the 3 layer BP neural network is used to model heading angle error, and adaptive differential evolution algorithm is adopted to train the weights of network, thus obtaining a more exact error model, and compensating the heading angle error measured by electronic compass. Compared with other compensation methods such as 8 position least squares, BP neural network, differential evolution algorithm for optimizing BP neural network, and so on, its error compensation accuracy is significantly improved, the method has strong global optimization ability, great convergence rate, good stability, and so on. The experimental results show that after compensation, the error range of heading angle is decreased from -16°~30.7° to -0.22° ~0.2°, which satisfies the needs of higher accuracy navigation systems.     

不同飞行工况下的某高超飞行器流道特征及气动力特性研究

对一种类似于X-43A飞行器的一体化构形进行了全三维数值仿真模拟,将前体下表面侧沿程静压分布的计算结果与实验结果进行了对比,二者吻合较好,表明数值模拟方法正确,结果可信.在此基础上研究了不同飞行工况下飞行器流道特征及气动力特性的变化.研究结果表明:①研究范围内来流马赫数的变化对全流道的流动结构和全机气动力特性有着一定影响,使得飞行器全机的升阻比略有下降;②随着飞行攻角的改变,全流道的流动结构和升力系数变化显著,而阻力系数的变化并不明显;③侧滑角导致了不对称的流动结构,但在本文的研究范围内其进气道以及全机的气动特性的不利影响并不明显.      

聚(2-丙稀酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸)-聚苯胺共聚物膜电磁屏蔽性能

用溶液法在ITO玻璃上依次沉积了稀硫酸掺杂聚苯胺(PANI)膜和聚(2-丙稀酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸)-聚苯胺共聚物膜,利用SEM和FTIR对两种薄膜的表面形貌及分子链基团结构进行了分析,讨论了薄膜的电导率和电化学性能.结果表明:聚(2-丙稀酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸)-聚苯胺共聚物膜有较理想的物理化学性能,电化学性稳定,循环100次后,循环伏安曲线变化较小;当PAMPS-PANI膜的厚度为230 nm时,它的电导率可达到0.398 S/cm,室温时电导率可调,是较理想的电磁屏蔽材料.     

Exploring for natural gas using reflectance spectra of surface soils

Reflectance spectra in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths provide a rapid and inexpensive means for determining the mineralogy of samples and obtaining information on chemical composition. Hydrocarbon microseepage theory establishes a cause-and-effect relation between oil and gas reservoirs and some special surface anomalies, which mainly include surface hydrocarbon microseepage and related alterations. Therefore, we can explore for oil, gas by determining reflectance spectra of surface anomalies. This idea has been applied to the R&D project of exploring for natural gas in Qinghai province of China using NASA EO-1 satellite with the Hyperion sensor (June 2005 to June 2006). In this project, in order to improve the accuracy of exploration targets of natural gas mapped in the field studied, an integrated practical system of exploration of oil and gas was built by the analysis of not only hyperspectral remote sensing data but also data provided from field work. In this paper, our efforts were focused on the analysis of the 799 reflectance spectra provided from the field work. In order to properly define the typical form of hydrocarbon microseepage with spectroscopy and fulfill the data analysis, it was necessary to build a spectral model. In this spectral model the most important features of hydrocarbon microseepage in the surface of our study area, i.e., diagnostic spectral macroscopic features and diagnostic spectral absorption features, were proposed and extracted, respectively. The distribution of coexisting anomalies, which results from both alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, is estimated by the diagnostic macroscopic features mainly using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classifier. On the other hand, the diagnostic absorption features of two main absorption bands presented abundant local information, based on deep analysis of which, we are able to map the anomalies of alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, respectively. Additionally, a general framework of analysis and key classification algorithms applied to the Hyperion data have been introduced briefly. In our work, three exploration targets of natural gas were identified from the study area which covers 2100 km². In the three exploration targets, three wildcats have been drilled by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) since July 2006, and all the three wells have been proven some industrial reserves.     

航空项目资源均衡优化问题的蚁群-模拟退火算法

为有效提高复杂航空项目资源利用率、节约项目成本,提出了一种求解大规模网络计划资源均衡优化问题的蚁群-模拟退火算法。该方法中,首先采用预处理方法对航空项目分级网络计划实施合并,并结合资源指数与搭接网络关系定义建立了资源优化目标函数。然后,探讨了以网络计划为基础的蚁群-模拟退火算法解空间构建方法,给出了算法的状态转移规则、信息素更新规则,提出了增加搜索效率的模拟退火局部搜索策略,并建立了详细的资源均衡优化方案求解步骤。最后,采用典型实例验证了方法的有效性。     

进口斜激波、膨胀波干扰下等直隔离段内的激波串特性

 超燃冲压发动机的隔离段在实际工作中会受到进气道唇罩激波及肩部膨胀扇的显著干扰,本文针对这一特定问题进行了专门研究。提出了唇罩入射激波及肩部膨胀扇的模拟方法,并利用德国Achen的风洞试验对其进行了检验,而后以此研究了入射激波及肩部膨胀扇干扰下隔离段内激波串的基本形态,并分析了出口反压和激波入射位置的影响。仿真结果表明：当激波串在隔离段内不断前移时,受唇罩入射激波及其反射激波的干扰,其高速核心区交替地偏向上下壁面;与无激波入射的情况相比,此时激波串的耐反压能力显著降低,且入射点位置越高,降低幅度越大,管道内的沿程静压分布规律与Waltrup经验公式偏离程度也越来越大。该文结果可为进气道/隔离段的一体化设计提供依据。     

人机对奕与启发式搜索

本文叙述了在IBM-PC/XT个人计算机上,使用LISP语言研制的人机对奕一字棋程序中,如何成功地运用了启发式搜索法来设计该智能程序。並说明了该程序的设计思想,流程图及其运行情况。     

应用标校卫星鉴定测控系统精度方法探讨

根据标校卫星的用途及所需提供的高精度比较标准等技术要求,针对星载比较标准及靶场数据处理状况,提出了改进和提高测控系统精度鉴定的技术途径.探讨和提出了4种类型的数据处理技术和方法,简述了它们的思路和关键技术,分析了应用条件和特点.其中.第1种方法是目前使用的经典鉴定方法;后3种方法（自鉴定方法、精确标准鉴定方法和融合处理鉴定方法）都充分利用了星上测量资源、卫星轨道运动特性以及优良的差分、自校准等融合处理技术,它们都明显优于经典鉴定方法.可以使标校卫星提供更精确的比较标准,扩大其目前的功能和用途.特别是融合处理鉴定方法,不仅可以精确地评定定位系统测量精度,而且可以为测速系统精度评定提供一种良好的技术途径.     

现代微波测量的发展动态

从微波测量仪器、测量技术及测量分析出发,简单地阐述了现代微波测量发展动态。     

小波变换的原理及其在噪声材料超声评价中的应用

从信号自理的角度给出了小波变换的工程理解。小波变换可以看作从原始信号中不断抽取细节,最终只留下信号主干的过程。用小波变换对噪声材料粗晶奥氏体不锈钢中人工缺陷的超声Ａ型信号处理的结果表明,在对小波系数合理解释的情况下,小波换能有效地提高信噪比。