直升机技术发展现状与展望

 简单回顾了直升机技术发展的历程和技术特点,介绍了直升机的技术进展,最后展望了新世纪直升机设计技术的发展趋势。     

基于粗糙集理论的编队协同空战决策规则提取

为了对空战过程中大量的冗余信息进行约简，以提高空战决策的实时性，将粗糙集理论引入到编队协同空战战术决策研究中，提出了一种用于提取空战关键信息和战术决策规则的属性约简算法。并将单一决策属性下的属性值约简方法推广，讨论了更适于编队作战分析的多决策属性下的属性值约简问题。最后，通过一个编队空战战术选择示例对该算法进行了验证，结果表明：空战的冗余信息是可以约简的；此算法可提取出对空战起主要作用的属性，即雷达／中距弹信息；并且在保证空战关键分类结果不变的情况下，可生成用于战术决策的最小简化策略，所提取的决策规则与编队空战的实际相符合。     

验前大容量仿真信息“淹没”现场小子样试验信息问题

在运用Bayes方法对武器系统进行鉴定的过程中，仿真信息作为验前信息使用一直是一个有争议的问题。本文给出了验前子样可信度的定义及相应的计算方法，在分析了大量仿真信息“淹没”小子样现场试验信息这一现象的基础上，将验前信息的可信度引入统计推断，较好地解决了仿真信息在试验鉴定中的应用问题。     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

虚拟体法数值模拟双圆柱强迫振荡系统

用虚拟体方法研究了均匀流及尾流中圆柱横向振荡的流动特征.单圆柱结果与相关试验吻合,得到了"锁定"区域,发现涡量跳跃现象.对小间距双圆柱的数值模拟发现,在"锁定"区域附近随激励频率的增加流场特征会出现若干显著的变化,包括涡量的跳跃,涡模态的改变,正负涡量带的形成和消失.在大间距情况下发现下游圆柱的振荡对上游尾涡脱落没有明显的影响,下游圆柱尾流场没有发现"锁定"现象.     

刚度比对复合材料多钉连接钉载分配影响研究

通过试验和有限元分析研究被连接元件的相对刚度对多钉双剪连接钉载分配的影响。对2种厚度层压板各研究了4种刚度比情况,对每种情况都用3种有限元模型进行了钉载分配的计算,计算结果与试验结果符合较好。得出的结论可以用于复合材料结构的设计。     

飞行参数记录系统测试简介

飞行参数记录系统是重要的机载设备，本文应用功能测试法，对飞行参数记录测试系统进行了设计，实现了对飞参系统的测试，故障覆盖率高。该测试方法对其它飞参系统的测试具有推广价值。     

吹风比对气膜冷却效率影响的实验研究

以叶片作为研究对象,在主流风速为40m/s,弦长雷诺数为74400条件下,应用红外成像技术作为测温手段,研究了不同吹风比对叶片吸力侧和压力侧的气膜冷却效率分布的影响。吸力侧实验在3个吹风比分别为0.5,1.0和1.5条件下进行。压力侧实验在4个吹风比下进行,分别为0.5,0.75,1.0和1.7。从实验结果来看,在压力侧吹风比1.0条件下的冷却效果最好;对于吸力侧吹风比0.5条件下的冷却效率为最佳。     

Visual Prolog的DDE机制研究

对Visual Prolog的DDE机制进行了研究.首先介绍了动态数据交换技术及其工作原理,简明概括了Visual Prolog的功能、特点以及在专家系统、规划和其它AI相关问题求解方面的优势,其次阐述了Visual Prolog的DDE机制,列出了Visual Prolog中18个DDE谓词和13个DDE事件,分别介绍了作为客户机时,一个典型的请求从其他应用程序输入数据的Visual Prolog程序的关键步骤和作为服务器时,一个典型的响应其他应用程序请求数据的Visual Prolog程序的关键步骤.最后给出了一个Visual Prolog DDE机制应用的实例.     

基于ICT图像的航空发动机涡轮叶片壁厚尺寸精密测量方法

为保障航空发动机的可靠性,要求精确测量发动机叶片不同界面处的内、外表面法线方向的厚度。为此,研究了一种基于ICT图像的叶片壁厚尺寸亚像素级精密测量方法。它采用边界提取技术确定叶片内、外表面法线的方向;应用亚像素级边界定位技术,在该法线方向,定位壁厚的起始边界点和终止边界点;然后,计算两个边界点坐标位置差,获得以像素为单位的壁厚尺寸;最后,对像素尺寸进行标定,获得以毫米为单位的壁厚尺寸。试验结果表明,本文方法实际测量精度达到0.2个像素和0.042mm。