Libration point orbits for lunar global positioning systems

With the development of lunar exploration, a lunar global positioning system (LGPS) is demanded for both on-ground and in-flight lunar exploration missions. The traditional configuration of constellation requires at least eighteen satellites to cover the whole lunar surface continuously. In this paper, the configurations of the libration point orbits (LPOs) constellations are investigated. By using the constellations on the Earth–Moon _L1$L_1$ and _L2$L_2$ LPOs, the basic functions of the LGPS can be realized by using eight to fourteen satellites. First, the LPO and the combinations of LPOs, which can be used in the constellations of the LGPS, are investigated. The criteria and procedures of the configuration design are introduced. Second, the configurations of LPOs constellations are investigated in the Earth–Moon circular-restricted three-body problem (CR3BP). The size of the LPOs and the distribution of the satellites on these LPOs are determined by using an exhaustive algorithm and a global optimization method, respectively. The key performance parameters of these constellations are computed. Third, the constellations with good performance in the CR3BP are redesigned in the more accurate Earth–Moon based Sun-perturbed bicircular four-body problem (B4BP). Moreover, in order to avoid the ground coverage problem caused by the perturbation of the Sun, some modifications are implemented, and the configuration of the no blind area LGPS in the B4BP is obtained.     

考虑应力松弛的涡扇发动机高压涡轮持久寿命可靠性

建立了考虑应力松弛的持久寿命可靠性分析方法及公式。采用3维接触有限元模型,获得涡轮盘叶弹塑性应力应变场,筛选了某高压涡轮的危险部位。对涡轮危险部位进行了考虑应力松弛影响的持久寿命可靠性分析。分析结果表明所建立的分析方法及公式具有足够高的精度。在涡轮部件持久寿命可靠性分析时采用考虑蠕变松弛的概率寿命分析方法是非常重要的。     

GA-BP神经网络在航空发动机状态监测中的应用研究

针对航空发动机状态监测问题,引入人工神经网络为发动机复杂非线性系统建立精确模型;选择以GA-BP贝叶斯算法作为神经网络训练算法,建立优化设计近似模型;以发动机排气温度的预测为例,构建了一个GA-BP神经网络对航空发动机状态进行预测。结果表明,GA-BP神经网络收敛速度快,泛化能力强,优于标准BP神经网络,因而为航空发动机状态监测提供了一种有效的方法。     

同应力多危险部位失效相关轮盘疲劳寿命可靠度分析方法

提出了考虑失效相关性的同应力多危险部位轮盘应变疲劳寿命可靠度分析方法.引入广义强度和广义应力建立轮盘应变疲劳寿命可靠性模型,采用H-L法计算轮盘单失效部位可靠度.针对发动机轮盘常存在同应力多危险部位的特点,当考虑多失效部位相关性时,采用HohenbichlerM积分法对轮盘疲劳寿命可靠度进行计算.最后通过某轮盘应变疲劳寿命分析说明该方法的有效性.探讨了轮盘失效功能函数相关系数和应变寿命模型中材料随机变量相关系数关系,以及轮盘失效功能函数相关系数和轮盘疲劳概率寿命规律.      

Lumped element modelling of synthetic jet actuators

In this paper, a lumped element model of synthetic jet actuator is presented and used to predict the temporal variation of the jet velocity. Unlike the previous model reported in the literature, in this model the mechanical movement of the diaphragm is decoupled from the fluid phenomenon in the actuator cavity to allow the modelling of fluid mechanics aspect of the actuator to be investigated and validated separately. Furthermore, the “minor losses” occurring at the orifice exit is included and linked to the jet exit velocity profile. The results from this model are validated using the existing experimental data and CFD simulations. It is found that this model is capable of predicting the temporal variation of synthetic jets both in phase and magnitude when the actuator is operating away from the Helmholtz resonance frequency. Although the model fails to predict the correct phase information at the Helmholtz resonance frequency, it can still produce the jet peak velocity that is in good agreement with the experimental data. The lumped element model presented in this paper can be used to provide a reliable prediction of the jet peak velocity needed in the initial design of synthetic jet actuators for practical applications.     

非稳态单喷口射流控制扩压器内边界层的分离流动

对扩压器内单喷口射流产生的流向涡控制扩压器内部边界层分离流动行为进行了研究。研究的对象是一个扩张角为10°的二维扩压器,扩压器进出口面积比为1∶4.7,入口高度为15 mm。采用数值计算方法研究了当射流出口速度为非稳态时对分离流动的影响。给出了不同时刻,不同截面上的旋涡涡量分布。结果表明,采用非稳态喷射流向涡方法可以在不改变主流流量特性的情况下,有效地减小分离流动区域。     

基于自适应模拟退火遗传算法的最优Lambert转移

主要研究了航天器采用Lambert二脉冲变轨的优化问题。对于初始位置、目标位置和转移时间都不固定的Lambert二脉冲转移,由于多变量以及方程本身的复杂性,采用传统的优化方法效率低甚至无法求解.采用了自适应遗传算法(AGA),寻求多变量的最优解.同时结合模拟退火算法,得到了自适应模拟退火遗传算法(ASAGA),该算法既具有全局搜索能力,又改善了一般遗传算法的局部寻优能力.通过仿真,比较了遗传算法和自适应模拟退火遗传算法的寻优结果,表明两者寻求最优转移的有效性,以及自适应模拟退火算法具有更强的寻优能力.      

组合式三相双Buck宽变频逆变器

介绍了两态滞环电流控制型双Buck逆变器的电路结构和工作原理,对系统内环进行建模和分析。从理论上分析得到电流内环可以把LC二阶系统降阶为一阶系统,并将电流内环近似等效为一阶惯性环节,其时间常数主要取决于系统滤波电感的大小,并提出了一种滞环电流控制型逆变器输出滤波器的解耦设计方法,对宽变频输出时的输出滤波器进行优化设计。在此基础上进行三相组合式实验研究,通过数字控制技术实现逆变器系统具有360~800 H z宽变频输出。最后通过三相6 kVA原理样机,验证了本逆变器系统在全频率范围得到良好的输出电压波形和较高的效率,具有更广的应用前景。     

大型飞机用发动机的特点及关键制造技术

国外的成功经验和先进制造技术的发展表明,我国大飞机用航空发动机的研制必须将专业的制造技术与信息技术、管理技术进行有机地结合,并将计算机技术综合应用于设计、制造、检测、管理、销售、使用、服务等发动机研制的全过程.     

Multiple hierarchy risk assessment with hybrid model for safety enhancing of unmanned subscale BWB demonstrator flight test

To explore the low-speed characteristics of the Blended-Wing-Body (BWB) configuration for future civil aircraft, a series of unmanned subscale demonstrators have been developed and tested by our research team. During this process, specific safety risks deriving from uncertain design features, system unreliability, and insufficient personnel experience caused continuous flight test mishaps and the risk mechanism was not clear. Local and trial-and-error learning driven safety improvements took few effects on mishap prevention, so our focus was turned to look for systematic safety strategies. This paper establishes a systems theory based hybrid model to integrate the physical system reliability analysis techniques with the system dynamics method for illustrating the multiple risk interactions of the demonstrator flight test involving organizational, human resource and technical system factors. Using the prior BB-5 demonstrator as a case, the hybrid model simulation represents its historical risk evolution process, which verifies the model rationality. Derived risk control strategies reduced the mishap rate of a new demonstrator called BB-6 Sprit. The paper also shows the extended hybrid model can be applied on safety management of unmanned aerial vehicles from the initial period of vehicle development.