ATP系统驱动装置设计

捕获、跟踪和瞄准（Acquisition,Tracking,Pointing—ATP）系统是飞行器激光通信与协同控制系统的重要组成部分。本文提出了基于激光反射的二维扫描ATP系统的总体解决方案,建立了扫描模块中关键器件的理论数学模型,实现了电路控制模块的硬件与软件界面的设计,最终搭建了ATP系统驱动装置。该装置响应迅速,结构紧凑,稳定性好,可完成120°视场的扫描以及视场中任意一点的定位。     

Research into Configuration and Flow of Wall Oil Film in Bearing Chamber Based on Droplet Size Distribution

The lubrication design and heat transfer determination of bearing chambers in aeroengine require a sufficient understanding of the oil droplet-film interaction and physical characteristic in an oil/air two-phase flow state.The analyses of oil droplet movement,mass and momentum transfer during the impingement of droplet/wall,as well as wall oil film thickness and flow velocity are very important for the bearing chamber lubrication and heat transfer calculation.An integrated model in combination with droplet movement,droplet/wall impact and film flow analysis is put forward initially based on the consideration of droplet size distribution.The model makes a contribution to provide more practical and feasible technical approach,which is not only for the study of droplet-film interaction and physical behavior in bearing chambers with oil/air two-phase flow phenomena,but also useful for an insight into the essence of physical course through droplet movement and deposition,film formation and flow.The influences of chamber geometries and operating conditions on droplet deposition mass and momentum transfer,and wall film thickness and velocity distribution are discussed.The feasibility of the method by theoretical analysis is also verified by the existing experimental data.The current work is conducive to expose the physical behavior of wall oil film configuration and flow in bearing chamber,and also significant for bearing chamber lubrication and heat transfer study under oil/air two-phase flow conditions.     

环形爆震室中火焰加速数值模拟及验证

对带不同数量孔板的环形爆震室进行数值模拟,并通过试验对数值计算进行验证,来研究火焰加速现象、爆燃向爆震转变过程和不同当量比下起爆距离.数值计算采用二维轴对称非定常Navier-Stokes方程来模拟流体动力学过程.研究发现用较低的点火能量对火焰混合区的可燃气点火产生低速火焰,低速火焰向环形爆震室射流并改变方向向出口传播,火焰在孔板的阻碍作用以及火焰诱导激波和反射波的加速作用下,由层流变为湍流,湍流火焰与其诱导激波相互加强,最终引爆未燃混气;还对爆震波在孔板区的传播过程进行了分析,对不同当量比下的火焰速度和起爆距离进行了模拟研究.      

液膜再生复合冷却中液膜传热特性

对液体火箭发动机液膜再生复合冷却进行了算法研究.综合考虑了发动机内部化学反应、蒸发、卷吸、对流、导热、辐射等因素,将冷却液膜分为显热区、潜热区及气膜区三个区域进行了计算.推导了液膜长度和厚度的计算方法,分析了液膜再生复合冷却效率及各因素对液膜传热特性的影响.计算结果表明:①液膜入口质量流量越大,液膜区长度越长,冷却效率越高,复合冷却效率可维持在0.57以上.②高温燃烧室内膜的液体段长度很短,在液膜存在区域内冷却效率高达0.9.③液膜消失后,头部冷却液膜的设计仍对室壁起了很好的冷却保护作用,低温边区一直延伸至出口.④液膜吸收的显热和液膜蒸发吸收的热量及高温燃气与膜间的对流在液膜区内起了主要作用,而卷吸造成的质量损失及传热不可忽略.      

N2O微推力器结构改进的仿真与试验分析

主要考虑影响比冲的温度因素,在原有N₂O微推力器结构上提出了改进方案,对改进前后N₂O微推力器推力室进行了三维流动传热耦合仿真,并采用改进后N₂O微推力器开展催化分解试验研究.对比分析后发现减少推力室向外的热量传递能维持较高的分解气体温度,从而利于提升N₂O微推力器比冲,并得到了影响微推力器比冲的结构参数,研究工作为N₂O微推力器的优化设计提供了有益参考.      

射流点火对爆震管中爆燃转爆震影响的实验

采用射流火焰的点火方式进行了爆震管中乙炔和空气混合物从爆燃向爆震转捩的实验研究.爆震管一端开口一端封闭,在封闭端与爆震管垂直安装预燃室,采用火花塞在预燃室中点火,形成射流火焰引燃爆震管中的混合物.基于光电转换原理研制的火焰测速系统测量了爆震管中火焰传播速度.实验表明,与在爆震管壁面火花塞点火相比,射流火焰点火加大了爆震...     

Surface Roughness Effects on Vortex Torque of Air Supported Gyroscope

In order to improve the drift precision of air supported gyroscope, effects of surface roughness magnitude and direction on vortex torque of air supported gyroscope are studied. Based on Christensen’s rough surface stochastic model and consistency transformation method, Reynolds equation of air supported gyroscope containing surface roughness information is established. Also effects of mathematical models of main machining errors on vortex torque are established. By using finite element method, the Reynolds equation is solved numerically and the vortex torque in the presence of machining errors and surface roughness is calculated. The results show that surface roughness of slit has a significant effect on vortex torque. Transverse surface roughness makes vortex torque greater, while longitudinal surface roughness makes vortex torque smaller. The maximal difference approaches 11.4% during the range analyzed in this article. However surface roughness of journal influences vortex torque insignificantly. The research is of great significance for designing and manufacturing air supported gyroscope and predicting its performance.     

GH4169合金真空自耗重熔铸锭显微疏松的形成规律及熔速影响

利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜研究了熔速对GH4169合金真空自耗重熔铸锭显微疏松和金相组织的影响;采用金相图像分析软件定量分析了熔速对铸锭显微疏松数量的影响。GH4169合金真空自耗重熔铸锭显微疏松的形成规律以及熔速影响的研究结果表明,由于金属气体凝结和喷溅等原因的影响,真空自耗铸锭表面激冷层中存在大量边界粗糙曲折的显微疏松。在激冷层下方的铸锭边部组织中,显微疏松数量明显减少,边界圆滑,气泡是疏松形成的重要原因。铸锭心部显微疏松尺寸增大,倾向于沿枝晶间通道分布。铸锭心部位于糊状区的底部,由于熔池较深,凝固速率缓慢,使该处二次和三次枝晶比较发达,偏析严重,从而容易阻塞补缩通道,所以易形成沿枝晶间通道分布的大尺寸疏松。随熔化速率增大,枝晶倾向于水平生长,熔池加深,二次和三次枝晶更加发达,偏析更加严重,显微疏松的尺寸和数量显著增加。     

"回收/调节"方法在混合LES/RANS模拟方法中的应用

采用一种混合大涡模拟/雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(LES/RANS)模拟方法结合三阶加权基本无振荡(WENO)格式对马赫数为2.88的压缩斜坡流动进行了数值模拟,并采用"回收/调节"方法生成入口湍流脉动边界条件.当采用固定入口边界条件时,湍流边界层会缺乏合理的湍流能量,使之抵抗逆压梯度的能力减弱,会严重高估分离...     

激波绕射双方块加速诱导爆轰的数值研究

基于二维单步化学反应Euler方程,应用Roe/HLL混合格式以及自适应网格加密(AMR)技术,对方管中弱激波绕射双方块障碍物加速诱导爆轰现象进行了数值研究。计算结果表明,弱激波与双方块相互作用并发生绕射、碰撞可有效加速诱导爆轰,且在管道阻塞比为45%左右时可达到最佳效果,与相关实验结果相符。另外,研究了方块个数及排列方式对激波绕射加速诱导爆轰的影响,得到了最佳方块数量与方块排列方式。