谱估计理论在弹道数据参数化建模中的应用

针对高超声速飞行器防御作战中目标运动规律的描述问题,提出一种基于经典和现代谱估计理论的弹道数据参数化分析和建模方法。该方法将弹道数据视作非平稳随机信号,研究其变化规律：首先,通过线性消势法消除信号的线性趋势,将其转变为平稳信号,以便于进行谱估计;然后,采用Welch算法给出大致的谱图,结合该谱图和改进的协方差法确定自回归参数模型的阶数,以避免模型阶数选择准则引起的不确定性问题;最终,给出弹道数据的参数化模型。仿真结果表明,使用本文算法建立的弹道数据参数化模型与动力学模型具有较高的一 致性。     

基于磁力计、IMU和单目视觉的自主定位方法

基于单目视觉与惯性测量单元(IMU)融合的SLAM(simultaneous localization and mapping)技术,具有硬件成本低、体积小和消耗计算资源少等优点,在移动机器人导航系统中得到了广泛的应用。单目视觉SLAM系统主要通过求解对极几何来解算位姿,但当平移为零时(仅存在姿态旋转运动),存在解算漂移的问题。通过将磁力计的数据融合到单目视觉SLAM算法中,不但可以解决纯旋转情况下姿态解算漂移问题,还可以提高解算精度。物理仿真实验的结果表明,与传统的SLAM算法相比,本文提出的基于磁力计、IMU和单目视觉融合的算法具有精度高、鲁棒性好的优点。     

Active Design Method of Tooth Profiles for Cycloid Drive Based on Meshing Efficiency

An active design method of tooth profiles for cycloid gears based on their meshing efficiency is proposed.This method takes the meshing efficiency as one of the design variables to determine the tooth profiles. The calculation method for the meshing efficiency of planetary transmission is analyzed and the equation of the meshing efficiency is deduced. Relationships between the meshing efficiency,the radius of the pin wheel and the eccentric distance are revealed. The design constraint quations and the strength constraint quations are deduced. On the basis of this,a design procedure is laid out. Some examples using different input parameters are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. A dynamic simulation of the rigid-flexible coupling of cycloid gears is also presented. The results show that the proposed design method is more flexible to control the tooth profiles by changing the input values of the transmission efficiency.     

组合临界流文丘里喷嘴空气流量测量方法高空舱应用分析

为满足发动机高空试验低流速进气条件下空气流量精确测量,减小进气导管气流附面层影响,弱化空气流量测量与被试发动机相关性。分析了单件/组合临界流文丘里喷嘴的工作特性,给出了组合临界流文丘里喷嘴(ACFVN)空气流量计算方法,依据给定试验发动机和高空舱尺寸设计了临界流文丘里喷嘴组合结构,得到了组合临界流文丘里喷嘴在高空舱应用的控制方法和测试布局。采用小尺寸喷嘴对组合喷嘴设计和应用方法进行了验证,结果表明:采用打开/关闭喷嘴数量和调节进气压力两种组合方式在高空舱内应用方法可行,测试布局满足测量要求,下游发动机进口截面气流紊流度优于0.3%,满足发动机高空模拟试验要求。      

基于卷积门控循环网络的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对许多基于深度学习的滚动轴承故障诊断方法在小样本数据集下诊断性能下降的问题,提出一种基于卷积门控循环神经网络的轴承故障诊断模型。该模型使用两层的卷积网络来从输入信号中提取特征,同时使用tanh函数作为激活函数,且池化层使用大池化核来进行重叠下采样。将所提取得到的高层特征连接到双向门控循环网络。合并循环网络正向和逆向的最后一个状态,并连接一层全连接层进行输出。选用凯斯西储大学的轴承故障数据集来验证模型在小样本数据集下的诊断性能,实验结果表明,相比于其他类型的模型,该模型在仅有20个训练样本的情况下依然保持97%的识别准确率。      

基于STM32F429的全向运动平台的运动控制

全向运动平台系统是可以实现人体在各个方位行走的2D运动平台。针对实现人体在全向运动平台稳定行走的运动控制,采用加入观测器的一阶控制算法对平台运动控制进行探究。先通过MATLAB软件进行算法的仿真,验证方法的可行性;再通过现场测试,验证控制算法的有效性。最终试验表明,加入观测器的一阶控制算法可对全向运动平台实现有效的运动控制。此运动控制策略的探究为全向运动平台的运动控制提供了一种可行的控制思路和方案。     

移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机数学模型的研究

分别在abc坐标系和dq0坐标系下建立了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机的基本数学方程,推导了电机电压、磁链、输出功率、电磁转矩和转子运动方程。在MATLAB/Simulink中建立了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机的仿真模型。对两路输出进行了不平衡负载仿真和试验。仿真与试验结果相比基本一致,验证了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机数学模型的正确性。这为双十二相同步整流发电机运行性能和励磁控制系统的研究奠定了基础。     

变频电动机耦合电容分析与计算研究

脉宽调制(PWM)变频驱动器在提高交流传动系统效率的同时,产生的高次谐波导致共模电流显著增加。其中电动机定子绕组与定子铁心之间的耦合电容是共模电流的主要通路。准确计算定子绕组与定子铁心之间的耦合电容对于预测共模电流具有重要意义。由于电机绕组内部导线排列不规则,准确进行解析计算较为困难,将其简化为集中导体后,会导致计算精度变差。在绕组全散线模型的基础上,提出了一种简化散线建模方法,能在计算精度不变的情况下,有效地减小模型的复杂度。通过对比解析计算、全散线模型、简化散线模型和测量值,验证了该方法的有效性。     

Dynamics and de-spin control of massive target by single tethered space tug

This paper investigates the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target by a single tethered space tug in the post-capture phase. The dynamic model of the tethered system is derived and simplified to a dimensionless form. Further, a decoupled PD controller is proposed, and the local stability of the controller is analyzed by linearization technique. Parametric studies of the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target are conducted to characterize the dynamic process of de-spin with the proposed control law. It is shown that the massive target can be de-span by a single and small space tug with limited thrust within finite time. The thrust tangent with the tether de-spins the target while the thrust normal to the tether prevents the tether from winding up the target. The tether length has a positive contribution to the de-spin of a target. The longer tether leads to a faster de-spin process.     

Hypervelocity impact induced shock acoustic emission waves for quantitative damage evaluation using in situ miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network

Manmade debris and natural meteoroids, travelling in the Low Earth Orbit at a speed of several kilometers per second, pose a severe safety concern to the spacecraft in service through the HyperVelocity Impact(HVI). To address this issue, an investigation of shock Acoustic Emission(AE) waves induced by HVI to a downscaled two-layer Whipple shielding structure is performed,to realize a quantitative damage evaluation. Firstly a hybrid numerical model integrating smoothparticle hydrodynamics and finite element is built to obtain the wave response. The projectiles, with various impact velocities and directions, are modelled to impact the shielding structure with different thicknesses. Then experimental validation is carried out with built-in miniaturized piezoelectric sensors to in situ sense the HVI-induced AE waves. A quantitative agreement is obtained between numerical and experimental results, demonstrating the correctness of the hybrid model and facilitating the explanation of obtained AE signals in experiment. Based on the understanding of HVI-induced wave components, assessment of the damage severity, i.e., whether the outer shielding layer is perforated or not, is performed using the energy ratio between the regions of ‘‘high frequency" and ‘‘low frequency" in the acquired AE signals. Lastly, the direct-arrival fundamentalsymmetric wave mode is isolated from each sensing signal to be input into an enhanced delay-andsum algorithm, which visualizes HVI spots accurately and instantaneously with different sensor network configuration. All these works demonstrate the potential of quantitative, in situ, and real time HVI monitoring using miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network.