一种利用尾舵偏转实现BWB飞机减速的方法

结合国内外的相关研究工作,提出了一种利用尾舵偏转实现BWB飞机发动机喷气气流方向的改变,进而达到减速目的的方法。基于求解三维欧拉法方程,数值模拟了不同尾舵偏转角度下BWB飞机发动机喷口附近的流场分布特性和反推力大小,并评估了着陆场长收益。气动与性能计算结果表明,在计算滑跑速度范围内,发动机喷气气流会冲击到偏转的尾舵上,进而产生反向喷气气流,并产生较大的反推力,有效降低着陆场长,且随着尾舵偏转角度的增加,反推和减速效果逐渐增大。     

大型民用飞机燃油箱污染影响与控制要求

基于大型民用飞机燃油箱常见污染物,对其进行分类,研究其来源,分析其对飞机及系统功能、性能、安全、经济性等的影响。针对飞机研制、生产阶段,从材料选用、燃油箱结构、燃油系统及相关系统设计上提出污染防护设计要求,从生产制造各环节与要素上提出污染防护控制要求。针对飞机运营阶段,对其勤务与维护维修提出污染防护监控要求。通过对飞机生命周期内燃油箱污染物的持续监控管理,实现支持飞机高效生产、安全运行的目标。     

Deformation behavior of non-rigid airships in wind tunnel tests

Deformation behavior of non-rigid airships in wind tunnel tests is studied by considering three factors, including internal pressure, flow velocity and angle of attack. Fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are used to measure the deformation of non-rigid airships. Wind tunnel tests in the case of different flow velocities and angles of attack are conducted. The measurement results reveal that the airship deformation is in proportion to internal pressure. For the tensile region,the airship deformation is in proportion to flow velocity. Effects of angle of attack on structural deformation are more complicated and there is no clear relationship existing between airship deformation and angle of attack.     

Containment of soft wall casing wrapped with Kevlar fabric

Aramid fabrics have been commonly used in the civil turbofan engine fan blade containment system for its excellent performance. To investigate the behavior and capability of soft wall containment casing, a series of fan blade released tests were conducted on the high-speed spin tester.The soft wall casing was fabricated by wrapping multiple layers of Kevlar49 plain woven fabric around a thin steel ring. Casings with different inner metal ring and outer fabric layers number were compared. The method of using the explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA to establish the finite element analysis model for the quantitative analysis of the containment process was developed and conducted. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. It is shown that the containment process of the soft wall casing can be divided into three impact stages. The casing with low-stiffness inner metal ring will get severe overall deformation and lose the structural integrity when it suffers the blade impact. Kevlar fabric layers will appear large bulge on outside surface and absorb the most impact dynamic energy of the high speed released fan blade. By summing up the results of the test and simulation, an empirical critical equation was derived to describe the relationship between the released blade dynamic energy and the Kevlar fabric thickness.     

镁合金新材料及制备加工新技术发展与应用

镁合金是国际公认的最有潜力的轻量化材料之一,被誉为"21世纪绿色工程金属",其突出的结构减重效果有望解决我国关键装备和重大工程中迫切的轻量化问题.本文综述了近年来镁合金新材料的发展、镁合金制备加工新技术进展以及镁合金的应用发展现状,对当前镁合金领域存在的缺点进行了总结,并对镁合金未来发展重点及主要任务进行了展望.     

超声速混合层液滴两相流动的大涡模拟

为研究超声速气流中液滴与气流的混合及液滴蒸发对混合的影响,采用大涡模拟(LES)方法数值仿真了超声速混合层内液滴两相流流场结构,气相流场采用亚格子(SGS)模型和切应力输运(k-ωSST)湍流模型,液相模拟采用轨道模型和单液滴蒸发模型。在混合层前缘入口处均匀持续地投放液滴,并在液滴入口处下方添加非周期小扰动,并观察液滴蒸发过程对该小扰动造成的影响。分析了入口小扰动在流场中不同的发展情况,发现液滴的蒸发过程使混合层厚度增加并加速混合层的发展,对气相流场扰动较强,可能导致流动失稳,对混合过程有很大的促进作用。     

吸气式高超声速飞行器三维后体尾喷管优化设计

三维后体尾喷管是吸气式高超声速飞行器产生推力、升力的关键部件,需要精细设计,最大限度地提升三维膨胀过程中的气动特性。本文在二维后体尾喷管优化设计的基础上,发展了一种三维后体尾喷管的优化设计方法。通过参数化建模、三维喷管计算网格自动生成、空间推进CFD解算器及NSGA-II多目标优化软件等技术手段,对后体尾喷管三维构型进行了多目标优化设计。优化后的三维后体尾喷管与原始喷管相比,推力和升力都得到了较大提升。     

超燃冲压发动机燃烧室冷态流场研究

利用西北工业大学电阻加热超声速燃烧室直连式实验设备,针对自行设计的超声速燃烧室模型,在燃烧室入口马赫数Ma=2.0、入口流量m=0.73～1.0kg/s、入口总压p_t≈(7～8)×105Pa、入口总温T_t为室温条件下,开展了不同燃烧室进口流量、隔离段长高比以及燃烧室出口堵塞比情况下的燃烧室冷流实验;采用CFD商用软件对燃烧室冷流流场进行了数值模拟,并将计算结果与实验数据进行了对比和分析.研究结果表明,增加隔离段的长高比,可以提高燃烧室抗反压的能力,燃烧室出口压力场的畸变对燃烧室内部流场有较大的影响,同时通过计算结果与实验数据的对比验证了计算方法的适用性.      

KH550修饰碳纳米管增韧环氧树脂的研究

利用偶联剂KH550对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行化学修饰,并制备了MWCNTs/环氧树脂纳米复合材料.研究了不同含量的MWCNTs对纳米复合材料力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,MWCNTs表面成功接枝上了一定量的KH550,将其加入环氧树脂基体可大幅提高复合材料的力学性能.当添加量达到0.5%时,复合材料的力学性能最好,冲击韧度和弯曲强度较纯环氧树脂分别提高了85.3%和21.6%.扫描电镜结果显示,复合材料由脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂.     

超声速凹槽大涡数值模拟研究

在超声速燃烧室内常采用凹槽增强燃料与空气的混合,实现火焰稳定,本文采用大涡模拟方法对开式凹槽流场进行了数值模拟研究,计算采用Smagorinsky 亚网格模型模拟小尺度涡的作用.数值模拟结果给出了凹槽流动的自激振荡的发展过程,以及凹槽流动中拟序结构的演变过程,如涡的卷起、增长,涡与涡之间的合并、破碎等,计算得到的凹槽波动的峰值频率和理论结果一致.