An inexpensive apparatus for growing photosynthetic microorganisms in exotic atmospheres

Given the need for a light source, cyanobacteria and other photosynthetic microorganisms can be difficult and expensive to grow in large quantities. Lighted growth chambers and incubators typically cost 50-100% more than standard microbiological incubators. Self-shading of cells in liquid cultures prevents the growth of dense suspensions. Growing liquid cultures on a shaker table or lighted shaker incubator achieves greater cell densities, but adds considerably to the cost. For experiments in which gases other than air are required, the cost for conventional incubators increases even more. We describe an apparatus for growing photosynthetic organisms in exotic atmospheres that can be built relatively inexpensively (approximately 100 dollars U.S.) using parts available from typical hardware or department stores (e.g., Wal-mart or K-mart). The apparatus uses microfiltered air (or other gases) to aerate, agitate, and mix liquid cultures, thus achieving very high cell densities (A750 > 3). Because gases are delivered to individual culture tubes, a variety of gas mixes can be used without the need for enclosed chambers. The apparatus works with liquid cultures of unicellular and filamentous species, and also works with agar slants.     

Oxidant enhancement in martian dust devils and storms: storm electric fields and electron dissociative attachment

Laboratory studies, numerical simulations, and desert field tests indicate that aeolian dust transport can generate atmospheric electricity via contact electrification or "triboelectricity." In convective structures such as dust devils and dust storms, grain stratification leads to macroscopic charge separations and gives rise to an overall electric dipole moment in the aeolian feature, similar in nature to the dipolar electric field generated in terrestrial thunderstorms. Previous numerical simulations indicate that these storm electric fields on Mars can approach the ambient breakdown field strength of approximately 25 kV/m. In terrestrial dust phenomena, potentials ranging from approximately 20 to 160 kV/m have been directly measured. The large electrostatic fields predicted in martian dust devils and storms can energize electrons in the low pressure martian atmosphere to values exceeding the electron dissociative attachment energy of both CO2 and H2O, which results in the formation of the new chemical products CO/O- and OH/H-, respectively. Using a collisional plasma physics model, we present calculations of the CO/O- and OH/H- reaction and production rates. We demonstrate that these rates vary geometrically with the ambient electric field, with substantial production of dissociative products when fields approach the breakdown value of approximately 25 kV/m. The dissociation of H2O into OH/H- provides a key ingredient for the generation of oxidants; thus electrically charged dust may significantly impact the habitability of Mars.     

一种基于链路状态的舱内环境自适应干扰消除算法

针对舱内无线光传输系统多种干扰问题,比如多径损耗和突发干扰等,提出一种基于链路状态的自适应干扰消除技术,该方法分析舱内链路状态,完成链路状态估计,采用环境自适应的变遗忘因子RLS（recursive least squares）算法,针对不同链路状态采取差异化的干扰消除策略,以提高舱内通信质量。仿真结果表明：该算法在尽力避免增加算法复杂度的条件下,相对于传统固定遗忘因子算法,在平稳状态下优先保证传输的误码性能,在链路状态变化时具有更好的收敛性能,灵活适应了舱内多种传输情况。     

一种星上输入缓存调度算法的仿真与实现

针对星上交换系统的特点,基于Crossbar交换结构提出了一种改进输入缓存调度算法。该算法采用了串行调度思想,在保证每个端口公平性的基础上调整了输出端口的匹配策略,增加了输出端口成功匹配的概率,大大降低了平均调度时延和丢失率。文章通过OPNET建模、仿真并比较了该算法与几种典型算法的性能,结果表明,改进算法在平均调度时延和信元丢失率等方面的性能指标均优于已有算法且实现复杂度不增加。在此基础上文章还对该算法进行了FPGA设计及仿真,验证了该算法的可行性。     

基于VHDL语言的扩频相关器设计与实现

介绍了扩频相关器在信号处理中对特定码字进行相关处理,完成信号的解扩或解码,恢复出传送的信息.扩频相关器采用数字处理方式,处理信号的形式比较灵活,可以对不同的码型、不同的码长进行相关处理,为位同步的提取带来了极大的方便.设计了包含相关器的整个直扩系统,并进行了仿真,验证了所设计的相关器的正确性.     

网络计算环境下任务调度问题研究

利用网上空闲处理机组成机群并行计算环境是快速增长的研究领域,任务调度是其中最关键性的问题之一.在基于消息传递机制的网络并行计算环境下,针对一类大粒度计算任务并行时协同同步工作问题,发展了一种新的静态调度模型,提出了调度算法,它映射一类特殊的并行程序任务到由网络上若干空闲处理机组成的机群中.研究表明该算法能减少此类并行程序的完成时间.      

集群卫星网络信息拓扑控制技术探讨

集群卫星网络所具有的高动态拓扑、信息异构及灵活组网的特性,使其对信息层面的拓扑控制提出了新的挑战,需要在现有的卫星网络拓扑控制技术的基础上进一步研究。在深入解析集群卫星网络信息拓扑控制内涵的基础上,根据集群卫星网络特点,提出通用的集群卫星网络信息拓扑模型及星地拓扑控制策略,并对现有的卫星拓扑控制算法进行分类说明,根据拓扑的分类方法,分析不同卫星拓扑控制技术在运用于集群卫星网络中的限制条件,最后针对应用需求及技术特点,指出集群卫星网络拓扑控制技术的发展趋势及研究方向。