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Gaidos E Lanoil B Thorsteinsson T Graham A Skidmore M Han SK Rust T Popp B 《Astrobiology》2004,4(3):327-344
We describe a viable microbial community in a subglacial lake within the Grímsv?tn volcanic caldera, Iceland. We used a hot water drill to penetrate the 300-m ice shelf and retrieved lake water and volcanic tephra sediments. We also acquired samples of borehole water before and after penetration to the lake, overlying glacial ice and snow, and water from a nearby subaerial geothermal lake for comparative analyses. Lake water is at the freezing point and fresh (total dissolved solids = 260 mg L(-1)). Detectable numbers of cells were found in samples of the lake water column and tephra sediments: 2 x 10(4) ml(-1) and 4 x 10(7) g(-1), respectively. Plate counts document abundant cold-adapted cultivable organisms in the lake water, but not in the borehole (before penetration) or glacial ice. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA gene fragments amplified from genomic DNA extracted from Grímsv?tn samples indicates that the lake community is distinct from the assemblages of organisms in borehole water (before penetration) and the overlying ice and snow. Sequencing of selected DGGE bands revealed that many sequences are highly similar to known psychrophilic organisms or cloned DNA from other cold environments. Significant uptake of 14C-labeled bicarbonate occurred in dark, low-temperature incubations of lake water samples, indicating the presence of autotrophs. Acetylene reduction assays under similar incubation conditions showed no significant nitrogen fixation potential by lake water samples. This may be a consequence of the inhibition of diazotrophy by nitrogen in the lake. 相似文献
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针对并行机群系统的进程迁移问题,提出了一种新的基于消息转发的类异步并行迁移算法, 该算法使用消息驱赶、消息转发、缓存优先匹配等多种机制,避免了一般类异步迁移算法集 中式管理,非迁移进程参与协调工作较多的缺点,通过算法描述和实验结果表明,该算法具 有迁移效率高、易于管理和控制、健壮性好等优点. 相似文献
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本文介绍了几种事后数值滤波技术。在数字遥测数据用于自动化计算机数据分析以前,利用这些技术减少或/和消除数字遥测数据中的噪声。这种遥测数据噪声来源于遥测载波信号过小或完全丢失,引起接收的脉码调制(PCM)数据出错。剔除错误的采样数据是事后分析中一项特别重要的工作,因为被污染数据可能给自动化计算机事后数据分析过程造成错误或偏差。当这些错误在最终换算后的数据中常接近测量值的上限或下限(数据跳点),很容易从采样数据中滤除。数据噪声偶尔表现为比较小的、不明显的波动,则分析员只有从图形(而不是数表)才能看出有噪声。因此,这类噪声更难于数字滤波。通常,采用手工噪声剔除或平滑,其结果变化较大。其主要缺点是:对现今的高采样率数字系统,采样数据量很大,因而耗时过大。另外,任何一种手工滤波总是对操作员依赖性很大。对错误采样数据的检测和识别显然是数据滤波中最困难的一步。我们已研究出几种识别方法,并在消除和平滑技术以前先加以详细介绍。研究了这些方法的技术局限性,对此也作了介绍。最后,对每种方法用图形绘出滤波处理前后的几组数据例子。 相似文献