Ionospheric disturbances on 8 September, 2010: Was it connected with the incoming moderate Chongqing earthquake?

Earthquake prediction stimulates the searches for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospheric anomalies. Contrary to common focuses on strong earthquakes, we report the ionospheric disturbances, 2 days before a moderate Ms = 4.7 Chongqing earthquake (29.4°N, 105.5°E, depth = 7.0 km, occurred at 21:21 LT, 10 September, 2010) with the data of ground-based ionosondes and IGS receivers. The data covering the period under the quiet geomagnetic conditions and a geomagnetic storm was analyzed with upper and lower bounds. It is found that there were significant enhancements of foF2 and total electron content (TEC) on the afternoon of 8 September, 2010, with a limited area close to the epicentre, which was different from the feature of ionospheric perturbations triggered by the geomagnetic storm on 15 September. Taking into account the heliogeomagnetical condition, we conclude that the observed ionospheric enhancements were very likely associated with the forthcoming moderate Chongqing earthquake, which implies that the relationship between the amplitudes of ionospheric disturbances and earthquakes is very complicated.     

复杂时变激励下失谐叶盘瞬态强迫响应分析

提出一种高效的失谐叶盘瞬态强迫响应分析方法,不同于传统的数值积分方法,该方法推导出瞬态强迫响应的解析表达式,能更为高效地预测失谐叶盘的瞬态强迫响应。首先,对叶盘的高保真有限元模型进行减缩建模,在精确地描述叶盘结构的动力学特性的前提下,极大的减少了模型的自由度数目。其次,模拟加速旋转的涡轮叶盘经过复杂流场时叶片表面上的气动载荷,并建立叶盘固有频率和振型随转速变化的数学函数;通过共振分析确定叶盘共振的转速区间并分析引起共振的激励阶次成分。最后,计算了不同旋转加速度和阻尼下叶盘的瞬态强迫响应,并对叶盘的失谐幅值放大因子进行研究。应用本办法对某86个叶片的涡轮叶盘进行了数值分析,结果表明,相同阻尼水平下,叶盘的瞬态强迫响应幅值随旋转加速度增加而降低,失谐幅值放大因子在瞬态条件下大于稳态条件下,最高可达30%。     

一种共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器设计及其试验验证

针对火星飞行器探测需求,提出了一种共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器,基于计算流体力学方法优选了桨叶翼型、平面形状和扭转角等结构参数,基于叶素动量理论建立了旋翼气动力学模型,利用数值模拟方法选择了旋翼转速、旋翼间距和桨叶安装角等飞行参数,设计了原理样机"火星飞鸟-I"的结构与控制系统。构建了火星大气环境模拟器和重力补偿与运动约束装置,开展了模拟火星环境下旋翼式飞行器地面飞行试验,验证了共轴双旋翼式火星飞行器的推进性能,展望了旋翼式火星飞行器技术的发展方向。研究成果对我国开展的火星探测工程具有重要借鉴价值。     

基于遗传算法的SOFDM信道资源动态分配策略

对卫星正交频分复用(Satellite Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,SOFDM)传输体制进行信道资源分配时,采用传统定界分类法存在效率较低,功率资源浪费较大等问题。文中提出一种改进的信道资源动态分配新策略,引入生物遗传算法,对信道传输特性进行适应性评估,按照"优胜劣汰,适者生存"的进化原则对信道子载波频率和功率资源进行有效分配。仿真分析结果表明,新策略获得了优于传统定界分类法的效果,在算法运行时间与传统方法基本相当的情况下,采用生物遗传算法的SOFDM系统能够更加合理地分配系统频率资源,使系统功率资源产生约1dB的增益,并有效降低系统误包率。     

卫星多径信道下SOFDM插值估计算法的对比分析

在卫星多径衰落信道环境中传输正交频分复用信号时,工程上可以考虑采用以插值运算为核心的信道估计方法对接收信号进行信道估计。文章首先给出并研究了线性插值、三次样条插值和拉格朗日函数插值这三种插值估计算法的基本原理,然后对各种算法的计算复杂度、插值估计的均方误差以及系统的误比特率这三项性能指标进行了对比分析,最后通过综合评估总结出了＂在慢多径衰落信道环境下宜采用线性插值估计算法＂和＂在快多径衰落信道环境下宜采用三次样条插值估计算法或拉格朗日函数插值估计算法＂的结论。     

环境减灾卫星国际服务模式探索与成效

环境与灾害监测预报小卫星星座是我国对地观测系统的重要组成部分。2008年9月6日,我国成功发射环境与灾害监测预报小卫星星座A、B两颗光学小卫星（简称“环境减灾-1A、1B卫星”）。环境减灾-1A、1B卫星成功发射以来,民政部国家减灾中心（民政部卫星减灾应用中心）积极组织开展卫星在轨测试、运行管理、减灾应用、用户服务与宣传推广等工作。目前,卫星运行状态良好,各项指标正常。一年来,在成功应对国内数十场新发灾害监测与评估,积极开展国内应用服务的同时,也积极探索国际服务模式,拓展为国外救灾工作提供灾害监测产品服务,并先后成功应对澳大利亚森林大火、加拿大火灾、中缅边境火灾、海地特大地震等灾害应急监测与评估工作,在国际上获得好评,展示了我国空间技术在减灾救灾工作中的良好应用,树立了我国和平利用空间技术的大国形象。     

一种近地航天器脉冲星地固系动力学定轨方法

为改善近地航天器脉冲星导航的定轨精度,设计一种地固系动力学定轨方法。该方法结合了更精确的地球引力场模型,在求地球引力势梯度基础上引入惯性力,建立了地固系下轨道动力学方程;并结合脉冲相位量测,使用扩展卡尔曼滤波实现航天器轨道参数实时估计。此方法可以降低动力学方程非线性度,尤其适用于地球静止轨道卫星。通过数学仿真校验了新方法的有效性与精度。     

新型聚苯并噁嗪改性树脂的制备与性能

通过预聚反应制备了一种新型聚苯并噁嗪改性树脂.利用FTIR、GPC表征了改性树脂.利用旋转黏度计、DSC、DMA和TGA分别考察了树脂的流动性能、固化行为和改性树脂固化物的热性能.结果表明:制备的苯并噁嗪改性树脂在60～ 100℃,黏度小于500 mPa·s,恒温6h黏度不明显增大,具有良好的流动性能,适用于RTM成型工艺.改性树脂聚合温度较低,具有良好的固化工艺性.改性树脂固化物在氮气气氛下Td5在430℃以上,在900℃的残重高达73.71％,Ts为353.4℃,具有良好热性能.     

The microbial habitability of weathered volcanic glass inferred from continuous sensing techniques

Basaltic glasses (hyaloclastite) are a widespread habitat for life in volcanic environments, yet their interior physical conditions are poorly characterized. We investigated the characteristics of exposed weathered basaltic glass from a surface outcrop in Iceland, using microprobes capable of continuous sensing, to determine whether the physical conditions in the rock interior are hospitable to microbial life. The material provided thermal protection from freeze-thaw and rapid temperature fluctuations, similar to data reported for other rock types. Water activity experiments showed that at moisture contents less than 13% wet weight, the glass and its weathering product, palagonite, had a water activity below levels suitable for bacterial growth. In pore spaces, however, these higher moisture conditions might be maintained for many days after a precipitation event. Gas exchange between the rock interior and exterior was rapid (< 10 min) when the rocks were dry, but when saturated with water, equilibration took many hours. During this period, we demonstrated the potential for low oxygen conditions within the rock caused by respiratory stimulation of the heterotrophic community within. These conditions might exist within subglacial environments during the formation of the rocks or in micro-environments in the interior of exposed rocks. The experiments showed that microbial communities at the site studied here could potentially be active for 39% of the year, if the depth of the community within the outcrop maintains a balance between access to liquid water and adequate protection from freezing. In the absence of precipitation, the interior of weathered basaltic glass is an extreme and life-limiting environment for microorganisms on Earth and other planets.     

SAR二维锯齿波调频干扰研究

分析线性调频信号加入锯齿波调频干扰的频谱特点和干扰效果,发现锯齿波调频干扰有产生虚假目标多、功耗低的特点,且在二维干扰的情况下能产生大面积多虚假目标,有效地对真实目标进行遮盖。并且分析了调制参数变化对干扰效果的影响,利用仿真实验验证了理论的正确性。