A new inversion algorithm for HF sky-wave backscatter ionograms

HF sky-wave backscatter sounding system is capable of measuring the large-scale, two-dimensional (2-D) distributions of ionospheric electron density. The leading edge (LE) of a backscatter ionogram (BSI) is widely used for ionospheric inversion since it is hardly affected by any factors other than ionospheric electron density. Traditional BSI inversion methods have failed to distinguish LEs associated with different ionospheric layers, and simply utilize the minimum group path of each operating frequency, which generally corresponds to the LE associated with the F₂ layer. Consequently, while the inversion results can provide accurate profiles of the F region below the F₂ peak, the diagnostics may not be so effective for other ionospheric layers. In order to resolve this issue, we present a new BSI inversion method using LEs associated with different layers, which can further improve the accuracy of electron density distribution, especially the profile of the ionospheric layers below the F₂ region. The efficiency of the algorithm is evaluated by computing the mean and the standard deviation of the differences between inverted parameter values and true values obtained from both vertical and oblique incidence sounding. Test results clearly manifest that the method we have developed outputs more accurate electron density profiles due to improvements to acquire the profiles of the layers below the F₂ region. Our study can further improve the current BSI inversion methods on the reconstruction of 2-D electron density distribution in a vertical plane aligned with the direction of sounding.     

复杂群塔风荷载试验研究

介绍了一复杂群塔结构节段刚性测压试验概况和主要试验结果,讨论了结构典型部位风压分布的基本特征和结构风压分布的基本规律.试验结果表明,由于该结构由多个单体高耸塔结构组成,相互干扰严重,风压的分布相当复杂.根据风压试验结果得到了风力沿各塔高度的分布,并讨论了分布规律,进一步得出基底剪力系数和基底弯矩系数,分析了最危险风向,给出了用于结构设计的荷载建议.     

我国航空运输企业并购重组绩效研究——以东航为例

随着航空运输业竞争日益激烈,生存与发展成为航空公司的重要焦点。并购重组作为有效并相对快捷、节约成本的核心竞争力获取方式,以东航并购上航为例,对比并购前后航空公司绩效结果的变化,分析了航空企业并购行为是否增加效益、产生协同效应以及规模经济的实况。     

低信噪比下快速分裂Bregman迭代ISAR超分辨率成像

针对低信噪比条件下的逆合成孔径雷达ISAR(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar)超分辨率成像处理问题,提出了一种基于快速分裂Bregman迭代的ISAR超分辨率成像算法.首先,在正则化框架下,将方位分辨率的提高问题转化为一个正则化问题;其次,利用托普利兹矩阵的低位移秩特征和Gohberg-...     

T250与30CrMnSiA异种材料焊接工艺技术

从冶金方面分析了T250与30CrMnSiA材料焊接工艺性。通过手工钨极氩弧焊焊接工艺研究试验,选择焊丝材料,确定材料焊接状态,制定了合理有效的焊接工艺规范和措施。采用光学金相显微镜、维氏硬度测试和力学性能检测等手段,对T250与30CrMnSiA异种材料焊接接头金相组织、力学性能和显微硬度等方面进行详细分析。结果表明,T250和30GrMnSiA异种材料具有良好的焊接性,填充HT250焊丝,采用热输入量较小的焊接电流进行焊接,接头强度与30GrMnSiA材料强度相当。     

空气动压探头的动态响应研究

本文采用动力类比法对用于核爆炸测量的空气动压探头的动态响应进行了理论分析,并对探头的三个压力量程计算了总压边和静压边进气管道中的阻尼孔直径和动压波形的上升时间。分析计算表明,在探头的三个系统中,电学系统对动态响应的影响可忽略不计;力学系统的影响也是较小的;对动态响应起主要作用的是声学系统(即管道空腔系统)。在直径为130mm 激波管中进行了全尺寸探头的动态响应实验。实验表明,阻尼孔直径和波形上升时间的实验值与计算值符合较好。此探头曾多次用于我国大气层核试验测试中。从核爆炸和激波管实验中测得的空气动压波形可看出,它们的前沿都是很好的,这反映出此探头具有良好的动态响应特性。     

Optimal guidance based on receding horizon control for low-thrust transfer to libration point orbits

This paper addresses the design and computation of a guidance law for a transfer mission from an orbit near the Earth to a halo orbit around the libration point L₂ in the Sun–Earth system. The guidance law, which is designed based on receding horizon control and compensates for launch velocity errors that are introduced by inaccuracies of the launch vehicle, is solved using the generating function method. During the design of the closed-loop guidance law, the entire transfer mission, which is considered a nonlinear optimal control problem, is evaluated to obtain a nominal reference trajectory. Using the launch velocity errors and the uncertainty of the model, a spacecraft controlled by the proposed guidance law tracks the reference trajectory. Furthermore, the original Riccati differential equation in the receding horizon control algorithm is replaced by an equivalent convenient form of the Riccati differential equation that is based on the generating function. The high-efficiency solution of the equivalent equation avoids the online direct integration of the original Riccati differential equation, which significantly increases the computational efficiency for the receding horizon control problem. Numerical simulations using a nonlinear bicircular four-body model demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed receding horizon guidance law for the transfer mission. In addition, the generating function method improves the computational efficiency by at least one order of magnitude over the backward sweep method in solving the receding horizon control problem.     

基于迭代校正法的自动着陆轨迹快速生成算法

针对重复使用运载器(RLV)的自动着陆段(A＆L)提出了一种快速的轨迹生成算法.相比于传统航天飞机的策略,该方法并不依赖事先离线计算并储存好的若干轨迹,可在A&L段初始状态存在散布的条件下快速生成可行参考轨迹.首先将A＆L段的参考轨迹分成由若干参数定义的分段轨迹组成.其次确定陡平衡滑翔段的航迹倾角,使RLV在此阶段动压几乎保持常值.再次从需求的着陆条件进行反向轨迹推演,一直到达圆弧拉起段的起点处.本文的轨迹生成算法通过迭代校正唯一的系数,平滑着陆段起点处的航迹倾角,直到轨迹推演终点处的动压满足陡平衡滑翔段的动压,从而保证满足A&L段接口处的边界约束.最后的仿真实验验证了该算法的快速性,有效性与鲁棒性.     

基于支持向量回归与多核集成的红外成像导引头抗干扰性能评估方法

面对着日益复杂的对抗环境,红外成像导引头的抗干扰性能需要不断提高。如何全面、客观、准确地对红外成像导引头的抗干扰性能进行评估,是一项急需解决的难题。针对传统基于支持向量机的评估方法中单核学习能力的不足,提出了一种基于支持向量回归与多核集成的评估方法,该方法在抗干扰评估指标体系下得到了综合的抗干扰性能值,为红外成像导引头抗干扰性能评估提供了新的思路。该方法能够训练多个支持向量回归机并融合多个核函数的优势,充分利用了特征的多样性,进一步降低了回归误差。实验结果表明:该算法能够实现高效可靠的红外成像导引头抗干扰性能评估。     

深空探测车辆与我国月面巡视探测器研制进展

月面巡视探测器是一个技术高度集成的行走机构,涉及车辆工程、车辆-地面力学、多体动力学、信息处理及自动控制方法等若干现代科学基础理论及工程技术领域.此外,还包括热控、材料.电控、传感器、星际通讯等工程技术.