随机基础激励下承力筒—蒙皮结构的声—固耦合分析

针对航天器承力筒—蒙皮典型结构,分别基于有限元—直接边界元法和有限元—间接边界元法建立仅考虑内/外声场和同时考虑内外声场的声—固耦合模型,开展典型结构在随机基础激励下的声—固耦合研究,并重点分析内外声场和声—固耦合效应对典型结构固有特性及动响应的影响。研究结果表明:考虑声—固耦合效应后结构振型未发生变化但固有频率降低,仅考虑单一声场效应时固有频率较同时考虑内外声场时升高;声—固耦合效应使结构的响应整体上降低,但在与激励方向平行的蒙皮处由于内声场的作用而增大;内声场对动响应的影响大于外声场。     

Tool Life and Surface Integrity in High-speed Milling of Titanium Alloy TA15 with PCD/PCBN Tools

Titanium alloys are widely used in aeronautics that demand a good combination of high strength, good corrosion resistance and low mass. The mechanical properties lead to challenges in machining operations such as high process temperature as well as rapidly increasing tool wear. The conventional tool materials are not able to maintain their hardness and other mechanical properties at higher cutting temperatures encountered in high speed machining. In this work, the new material tools, which are polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tools, are used in high-speed milling of Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V (TA15) alloy. The performance and wear mechanism of the tools are investigated. Compared to PCBN tool, PCD tool has a much longer tool life, especially at higher cutting speeds. Analyses based on the SEM and EDX suggest that attrition, adhesion and diffusion are the main wear mechanisms of PCD and PCBN tools in high-speed milling of TA15. Oxidation wear is also observed at PCBN tool/workpiece interface. Roughness, defects, micro-hardness and microstructure of the machined surface are investigated. The recorded surface roughness values with PCD/PCBN tools are bellow 0.3 μm at initial and steady cutting stage. Micro-hardness analysis shows that the machined surface hardening depth with PCD and PCBN tools is small. There is no evidence of sub-surface defects with PCD and PCBN tools. It is concluded that for TA15 alloy, high-speed milling can be carried out with PCD/PCBN tools.     

风洞模型支撑机构有限元模型修正与确认

风洞模型支撑机构有限元建模对预测风洞试验中的结构动力学响应至关重要。然而采用模态试验修正有限元模型需要多轮迭代优化,随着修正参数的增多,数值优化耗时将呈指数化增长。为解决上述问题,联合ABAQUS、MATLAB搭建iSIGHT结构有限元模型修正平台,基于此平台开展某模型支撑机构有限元动力学模型修正,根据试验设计变量对响应的贡献量,筛选灵敏度较高的修正变量;构建前4阶频率差和振型相关性为多目标函数,使用近似建模得到修正变量和目标函数的响应面模型,采用多目标优化方法NSGA-II开展模型修正;修正后的模型前4阶频率差均在10%以内,振型相关性均大于0.8。对修正模型开展动力学响应确认,使用结构模态动力学响应与锤击试验响应作对比,结果显示,修正模型满足工程需求,可用作下一步复杂载荷作用下的结构动力学响应预测。     

In-orbit operation and performance of the CubeSat Soft X-ray polarimeter PolarLight

PolarLight is a compact soft X-ray polarimeter onboard a CubeSat, which was launched into a low-Earth orbit on October 29, 2018. In March 2019, PolarLight started full operation, and since then, regular observations with the Crab nebula, Sco X-1, and background regions have been conducted. Here we report the operation, calibration, and performance of PolarLight in the orbit. Based on these, we discuss how one can run a low-cost, shared CubeSat for space astronomy, and how CubeSats can play a role in modern space astronomy for technical demonstration, science observations, and student training.     

经纬仪高精度垂直移动系统设计

经纬仪高精度垂直移动系统作为自动化精度检测系统的重要组成部分，主要用于搭载电子经纬仪进行垂直方向的一维运动，需保证升降过程的稳定性。文中通过合理设计该平台的主承载系统、竖直升降系统、配重系统及控制系统，保证了整体承载平台的可靠性和稳定性。系统定位精度及直线度等参数的测试结果表明试验数据符合预期指标。该系统已在航天器自动化精度检测系统中投入使用且运行稳定，有力保证了检测系统的综合误差在允许范围内，提升了检测系统的可靠性。     

A new inversion algorithm for HF sky-wave backscatter ionograms

HF sky-wave backscatter sounding system is capable of measuring the large-scale, two-dimensional (2-D) distributions of ionospheric electron density. The leading edge (LE) of a backscatter ionogram (BSI) is widely used for ionospheric inversion since it is hardly affected by any factors other than ionospheric electron density. Traditional BSI inversion methods have failed to distinguish LEs associated with different ionospheric layers, and simply utilize the minimum group path of each operating frequency, which generally corresponds to the LE associated with the F₂ layer. Consequently, while the inversion results can provide accurate profiles of the F region below the F₂ peak, the diagnostics may not be so effective for other ionospheric layers. In order to resolve this issue, we present a new BSI inversion method using LEs associated with different layers, which can further improve the accuracy of electron density distribution, especially the profile of the ionospheric layers below the F₂ region. The efficiency of the algorithm is evaluated by computing the mean and the standard deviation of the differences between inverted parameter values and true values obtained from both vertical and oblique incidence sounding. Test results clearly manifest that the method we have developed outputs more accurate electron density profiles due to improvements to acquire the profiles of the layers below the F₂ region. Our study can further improve the current BSI inversion methods on the reconstruction of 2-D electron density distribution in a vertical plane aligned with the direction of sounding.     

基于改进LAMBDA算法的GPS载波相位测姿技术研究

首先研究了利用多天线GPS载波相位测姿的基本原理,其中初始整周模糊度是解算载体姿态的关键。进而引入了一种改进的LAMBDA算法,该算法运用矩阵变换等数学方法在很大程度上削弱了模糊度之间的相关性,并结合基线长度检验方法筛选出正确的模糊度值。借助以Superstar接收机为核心的测姿系统,进行了航向角和俯仰角的静态测试验证,实验测试表明该系统能够实时有效地测量载体的姿态,满足低精度测姿系统的要求。     

复杂群塔风荷载试验研究

介绍了一复杂群塔结构节段刚性测压试验概况和主要试验结果,讨论了结构典型部位风压分布的基本特征和结构风压分布的基本规律.试验结果表明,由于该结构由多个单体高耸塔结构组成,相互干扰严重,风压的分布相当复杂.根据风压试验结果得到了风力沿各塔高度的分布,并讨论了分布规律,进一步得出基底剪力系数和基底弯矩系数,分析了最危险风向,给出了用于结构设计的荷载建议.     

我国航空运输企业并购重组绩效研究——以东航为例

随着航空运输业竞争日益激烈,生存与发展成为航空公司的重要焦点。并购重组作为有效并相对快捷、节约成本的核心竞争力获取方式,以东航并购上航为例,对比并购前后航空公司绩效结果的变化,分析了航空企业并购行为是否增加效益、产生协同效应以及规模经济的实况。     

低信噪比下快速分裂Bregman迭代ISAR超分辨率成像

针对低信噪比条件下的逆合成孔径雷达ISAR(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar)超分辨率成像处理问题,提出了一种基于快速分裂Bregman迭代的ISAR超分辨率成像算法.首先,在正则化框架下,将方位分辨率的提高问题转化为一个正则化问题;其次,利用托普利兹矩阵的低位移秩特征和Gohberg-...