实时OTF动态GPS系统定位结果

1988年,美国陆军工程部正式开始研究利用GPS载波相位的实时定位系统。该项研究的最终目标是在1993年做成一台实用样机,能实时获得厘米级的三维定位精度。这一目标实现了,1993年3月开始对样机进行测试。1993年8月进行了首次演示,10月进行了首次公开演示。该设备一般能在“动中”(OTF)15秒时间内分辨模糊整周数,不需要作静态初始化。任一相距20km左右的移动平台可利用该设备进行可靠而稳健的精密定位。在各种工作条件下作了试验,以评价动平台精密定位OTF解模糊的极限。本文总结了这些试验的结果。早期所作的实时试验证明三维方向的定位精度可达1—3cm。本文还介绍了最终实时系统的设计方案以及与水文监测平台的结合问题。     

一种用途广泛的光纤维速传感器的研制

光纤速率传感器作为一种新型惯性测量仪已经探索与研制了１５年。影响其精度的基本原理。性能潜力及各种现象对精确的局限已经进行了实验研究并得以证实。一些公司已渡过了研制阶段，且向工程实践迈进了一步。     

Effectiveness of centrifuge-induced artificial gravity with ergometric exercise as a countermeasure during simulated microgravity exposure in humans

To test the effectiveness of centrifuge-induced artificial gravity with ergometric exercise, 12 healthy young men (20.7 +/- 1.9 yr) were exposed to simulated microgravity for 14 days of -6 degrees head-down bedrest. Half the subjects were randomly selected and loaded 1.2 G artificial gravity with 60 W (four out of six subjects) or 40 W (two out of six subjects) of ergometric workload on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 (CM group). The rest of the subjects served as the control. Anti-G score, defined as the G-load x running time to the endpoint, was significantly elongated by the load of the centrifuge-ergometer. Plasma volume loss was suppressed (-5.0 +/- 2.4 vs. -16.4 +/- 1.9%), and fluid volume shift was prevented by the countermeasure load. Elevated heart rate and muscle sympathetic nerve activity after bedrest were counteracted, and exaggerated response to head-up tilt was also suppressed. Centrifuge-induced artificial gravity with exercise is effective in preventing cardiovascular deconditioning due to microgravity exposure, however, an effective and appropriate regimen (magnitude of G-load and exercise workload) should be determined in future studies.     

OPTIMAL CONTROL OF REDUNDANT ROBOTS WITH LOCAL DEGREES OF FREEDOM

SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaRedundantrobotsprovideflexibilityinavarietyoftasks.Methedsusedtodevelopthere-dundancycontrolarewellknown[1~4J-Inthesemethods,kinematicflexibilityisensuredwhiledynamicperformanceisbeingimproved.Itisverydifficult,however,toimplementoptimalredundancycontrolthatsimultaneouslyincludesbothkinematicsanddynamics(dual-optimiza-tion)forrobotmechanismsthathavebeenpreviouslydeveloped.Inthefollowingsections,aredundantrobotmechanismhavinglocaldegreesof…     

动中解模糊

引言 动中解模糊(OTF)GPS定位技术(或简称OTF)是为在实时、三维状态下把移动平台定位到几厘米精度而开发的。“太棒了！”你可能会这样说,“但是为什么?在给汽车、船舶或飞机定位时,谁会真正需要达到那样的精度?没人会真正想要用那样的精度来导航。移动目标的不停运动将使这样的高精度定位无意义,是吗?”     

A DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR WING DESIGN

Since it takes a long time to design an aircraft, the succession to or the acquirement of knowledges and technologies is a key to provide to aircraft design high quality and productivity. This paper describes a computer support system for wing design using a new tool based on an object-oriented approach. The system is programmed in a module of objects which represent design tasks or design knowledges. The modulated program gives advantages to maintain and extend the system easily. The system provides to users a flexible support with excellent user interface which consists of mouse, menu-driven system, and window system.     

轴对称运载器纵向动力响应分析方法的改进

这份NASA报告刊出的是由Archer和Rubin提出的用有限元分析运载火箭轴向动力特性和动力响应的新方法。该方法是将火箭的主要部段——贮箱取成壳元,而贮箱内的燃料则取为液体元(不考虑液体刚度),其它非对称部件取成弹簧-质量单元。用这种组合模型可以用较少的自由度计算轴对称液燃火箭的纵向动力特性和动力稳态响应。该方法曾用于登月的土星V运载系统的轴向动力计算,也用于航天飞机哥伦比亚号主燃料箱的纵向动力计算,还用在法国阿里安火箭的纵向动力计算,都取得了较好效果。文章对所用公式有较详细的推导,对程序也做了一定的说明,该方法和程序具有较大实用意义。     

日军的神风特攻队

1944年底,当太平洋战争的后期,日海军栗田中将,率领了一支当时堪称世上威力无比的强大舰队,从新加坡出发,拟前去击灭在菲律宾中部,雷伊泰湾登陆的美军麦帅所部。因沿途未得到空中的支援。由中国海起驶经菲岛的西布雅海,在尚未驶出圣波那丁海峡之前,就连番遭致美潜艇与美