低压蒸汽透平排汽缸内能量损失的数值研究

运用三维粘性流场数值模拟软件(Fine/Turbo)对一个低压蒸汽透平排气缸内的复杂流动进行数值模拟,计算结果与已有的实验数据进行了对比.计算得到的排气缸出口截面上的质量平均总压损失为47.8%,实验值为40.9%.数值模拟清晰地显示了排气缸通道内的流场结构是以各种旋涡为主要特征,包括通道涡、分离涡和端壁涡等.其中,通道涡的尺度最大,是造成排汽缸内能量损失的最主要因素.     

微量气味成分的自由基簇射技术脱除

研究了密闭体系中微量气味污染物的脱除作用与机理。采用电晕放电自由基簇射技术，实现了人工环境下氧化性自由基的产生；以电子自旋共振技术（ESR）对气态羟基自由基实施了捕集和检测，验证了在羟基自由基的存在下NH3被氧化为N2。通过U—I获得反应能耗和污染物去除效率为：NH3脱除效率为90．6％时，能耗1．0W。研究表明：自由基簇射技术产生的氧化性自由基可有效去除密闭生存环境中产生的NH3等微量有害气味成分，将在空间站等密闭生存系统内空气净化中有很好的应用前景。     

Crystal orientation and morphology of a lamellae in wrought titanium alloys: On the role of microstructure evolution in b processing

To obtain high-quality aviation forgings of titanium alloys, b forging is an essential processing step which must be considered throughout a production process. In this work, the effect of b forging on the crystal orientation and morphology of lamellar a was experimentally investigated in a two-phase titanium alloy. Strong dynamic recovery during b working resulted in the formation of low-angle grain boundary(LAGBb) inside b grains. The lamellar a can penetrate through the LAGBb, leading to similar intra a LAGBs on subgrain boundaries. Deformation banding occurs at high strain rates, and both diffusive and sharp boundaries of deformation bands can be observed.A continuous change of the b orientation in diffusive boundaries results in the formation of fine and disordered a lamellae without intra-lamellar boundary to hold the Burgers orientation relationship(OR). On sharp boundaries, it is prone to producing continuous grain boundary a(aGB) with a highly similar orientation along the boundaries. Meanwhile, there may exist several lower-angle boundaries within the grain boundary a for a smoother orientation change on the b grain boundary.     

基于数据包络分析的民航发动机维修效果评价

对民航发动机维修效果进行评价可以为发动机承修厂的选择提供决策支持,同时有助于发现发动机承修厂的潜在问题。为了实现发动机维修效果的评价,首先提出了评价指标选择的原则,在此基础上给出了发动机维修效果评价指标体系,建立了基于数据包络分析的C2WH模型的发动机维修效果评价模型,并对模型的构建过程进行了描述。针对决策单元输入输出...     

RTK model and positioning performance analysis using Galileo four-frequency observations

This paper proposes a real-time kinematic (RTK) model that uses one common reference satellite for the Galileo system with four frequency observations. In the proposed model, the double-differenced (DD) pseudorange and carrier phase biases among the different frequencies are estimated as unknown parameters to recover the integer features of the DD ambiguities among the different frequencies for ambiguity resolution and precise positioning. Analysis results show that the E5a, E5b, and E5 frequencies have virtually the same performance in terms of the positioning accuracy, observation residuals, and ratio values of ambiguity resolution. However, the E1 frequency performs worse than the E5a, E5b, and E5 frequencies. The RTK results for the combination of multiple frequencies are much better than those for a single-frequency observation, the coordinates’ standard deviation is improved about 20–30%, and the ambiguity fix time is improved about 10%.     

Particle swarm optimization applied to hypersonic reentry trajectories

This paper presents the novel use of the particle swarm optimization(PSO)to generate the end-to-end trajectory for hypersonic reentry vehicles in a quite simple formulation.The velocitydependent bank angle profile is developed to reduce the search space of unknown parameters based on the constrained PSO algorithm.The path constraints are enforced by setting the fitness function to be infinite on condition that the particles violate the maximum allowable values.The PSO algorithm also provides a much easier means to satisfy the terminal conditions by adding penalty terms to the fitness function.Furthermore,the approximate reentry landing footprint is fast constructed by incorporating an interpolation model into the standardized bank angle profiles.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the PSO method is a feasible and flexible tool to generate the end-to-end trajectory and landing footprint for hypersonic reentry vehicles.     

阵风载荷减缓系统故障分析

阵风引起的额外载荷会引起飞机结构疲劳,降低结构使用寿命。采用非定常气动力有理函数拟合方法建立时域状态空间下的动力学系统,设计了阵风载荷减缓系统。研究了阵风载荷减缓系统3种典型故障模式(副翼偏转饱和、舵机卡死、副翼偏转延时)的力学建模方法,并对机翼在阵风减缓系统故障模式下的阵风响应进行分析。仿真结果表明,3种故障模式均不利于阵风载荷减缓系统对阵风载荷的减缓,对于一些特定情况,故障模式下的阵风载荷减缓系统不仅不能减缓阵风载荷,还会带来由副翼偏转不当引起的额外负载。     

采用霍尔传感器的旋翼频率采集设计

为达到对旋翼飞机的控制,需要对旋翼转速进行采集.霍尔转速传感器以其高可靠性等优点常被用来测量转速.介绍了一种使用霍尔传感器进行旋翼转速采集系统,包括硬件构架,逻辑采集单元和软件设计,并给出了优化策略;通过试验数据分析,采集精度达到了预期.     

供热系统集约化运行的能耗监测及节能调节问题探讨

对我校供热系统的现状进行了分析；指出了锅炉热效率及能耗监控方面的不足，并针对锅炉热效率提高和二次网循环泵变频调节进行了节能分析计算；同时根据我校实际情况对循环泵设备配置及控制进行了分析，提出了要加强技术指标量化考核和能耗监测，提高效率、节能降耗，实现供热系统的科学化、集约化运行。     

鼠笼式弹性支承结构参数分步优化设计方法

为进一步提高鼠笼式弹性支承结构支承刚度设计的准确性,同时最大限度地减小鼠笼受到的最大应力,在相关研究的基础上,基于参数化建模思想,并结合有限元优化技术提出分步优化设计方法.采用鼠笼式弹性支承的刚度和应力计算公式并结合加工装配条件初定1组满足设计要求的结构参数值;建立鼠笼式弹性支承的有限元优化模型,并将初定的结构参数值代入到有限元优化模型作为优化的初始迭代值,同时以鼠笼笼条的长度和厚度为优化参数,经过迭代计算得到满足工程需求的结构参数.该方法可提高设计精度,节省设计时间.最后,结合具体算例验证了优化设计方法的有效性和实用性.