一种面向空天飞机再入的智能自适应复合控制方法

针对空天飞机再入横、侧向通道的姿态控制问题,设计了一种智能神经网络自适应复合控制方法,基于误差反馈学习准则在线更新神经网络权重以补偿全量姿态控制律输出的姿态控制指令。同时,面向再入过程横侧通道的强耦合问题,引入了耦合控制系数,以降低横、侧通道间的控制干扰。此外,提出了一种自适应链式控制分配律,在控制信号中引入正交优化多正弦激励,基于递推最小二乘方法对气动参数进行在线辨识,进而实时更新链式分配策略。最后,对空天飞机再入横侧向通道的神经网络自适应复合控制方法进行数学仿真校验,验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

The impact of error covariance matrix structure of GRACE’s gravity solution on the mass flux estimates of Greenland ice sheet

The error variance-covariance matrices of the monthly GRACE gravity field models are usually well-structured (e.g., order-leading) to contain the error information of the monthly gravity field models, and they are important information to further improve the accuracy of the estimated mass transportation by a post-processing scheme. Intensive studies have been performed to understand the impact of different approximations of the full error variance-covariance matrix on the mass estimates obtained with the conventional GRACE-post processing methods (e.g., the de-striping method). In this study, based on the variants of the mascon approach which treat monthly GRACE solutions as input, we consider four different structures to the error variance-covariance matrix, (i) full matrix, (ii) block diagonal matrix, (iii) diagonal matrix, and (iv) identity matrix, and examine their impact on the mass transport estimates in Greenland. Using both synthetic and real data, we analyze the results at four temporal scales: (i) the long-term decadal scale, (ii) the inter-annual scale, (iii) the seasonal scale, and (iv) the monthly scale. Based on the synthetic study, we find that for the recovery of the long-term trend, the application of the diagonal structure obtains the best estimates. This is caused by the amplification of the model error in the mascon approach when considering the full and block diagonal structures of error variance-covariance matrix, not due to any imperfection of them. Therefore, we emphasize that one should be aware of mascon model deficiency in the mascon approach. Furthermore, the best inter-annual, seasonal and monthly mass estimates are derived by considering the block diagonal and full structures. This is caused by the behavior of the bias and the unique parameterization error in the case of different structures. A similar finding is also presented in the real data case. Finally, our analysis denotes the necessity of releasing the block diagonal structure together with the official monthly gravity field model for the GRACE Follow-On mission, instead of releasing only the diagonal structure as done for the GRACE mission.     

基于Proximal-Newton-Kantorovich凸规划的空天飞行器实时轨迹优化

针对空天飞行器大气层内上升段实时轨迹优化问题，提出一种基于Proximal-Newton-Kantorovich凸规划的轨迹优化方法。首先，应用Newton-Kantorovich迭代方法将轨迹优化问题转化为一系列的子问题，每个子问题都是一个线性最优控制问题；其次，针对Newton-Kantorovich迭代方法忽略运动方程中的高阶信息，导致难以收敛这一问题，提出Proximal-Newton-Kantorovich迭代方法，在子问题的性能指标中加入邻近规则化项，改善了Newton-Kantorovich迭代方法的收敛性；最后，将子问题离散为二阶锥规划问题，并应用内点法进行求解。提出的Proximal-Newton-Kantorovich凸规划方法是一种求解非线性轨迹规划问题的可行途径。理论分析表明，Proximal-Newton-Kantorovich迭代方法的收敛结果一定是轨迹优化问题的局部最优解。数值实验表明，此方法的计算时间在毫秒级。     

Optimal spacecraft rendezvous using the combination of aerodynamic force and Lorentz force

This paper presents a propellantless spacecraft rendezvous method by using the optimal combination of aerodynamic force and Lorentz force. Aerodynamic force is provided by the rotations of the plates attached to the spacecraft, and Lorentz force is achieved by modulating spacecraft's electrostatic charge. Considering the limitation of the charging level of the spacecraft and physical constraints of the plates system, an optimal open-loop rendezvous trajectory is designed, which aims to minimize the energy consumed to actuate the hybrid system. The rotation rates of the plates and the electrostatic charge are constrained in the optimization problem, which is solved via the Gauss pseudospectral method. To track the open-loop trajectory in the presence of external perturbations, a novel adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller is designed. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by the Lyapunov-based method. Several numerical examples are conducted to verify the validity of both the open-loop and closed-loop control strategy.     

Neural network-based sliding mode control for atmospheric-actuated spacecraft formation using switching strategy

This paper presents an adaptive neural networks-based control method for spacecraft formation with coupled translational and rotational dynamics using only aerodynamic forces. It is assumed that each spacecraft is equipped with several large flat plates. A coupled orbit-attitude dynamic model is considered based on the specific configuration of atmospheric-based actuators. For this model, a neural network-based adaptive sliding mode controller is implemented, accounting for system uncertainties and external perturbations. To avoid invalidation of the neural networks destroying stability of the system, a switching control strategy is proposed which combines an adaptive neural networks controller dominating in its active region and an adaptive sliding mode controller outside the neural active region. An optimal process is developed to determine the control commands for the plates system. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based method. Comparative results through numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of executing attitude control while maintaining the relative motion, and higher control accuracy can be achieved by using the proposed neural-based switching control scheme than using only adaptive sliding mode controller.     

民用飞机短舱防冰系统冻雾天试验方法研究

民航规章25部1093(b)(2)条款要求短舱防冰系统在冻雾天环境中性能满足要求,通过构建开放式结冰条件模拟装置,对民用飞机短舱防冰系统在特定的地面冻雾条件下的性能进行了验证,试验对象是装机后的短舱防冰系统,在真实的飞机发动机运转条件下进行适航验证试验,表明短舱防冰系统对民航25部适航规章1093(b)(2)条款的符合性,详细给出了民用飞机短舱防冰系统地面冻雾天试验的方法。该试验方法成功在某型飞机上实施,试验方案科学合理,试验方法可以为其他型号飞机地面冻雾天试验提供参考。     

变形飞机机翼折叠机构设计及折叠角度测量

针对变形飞机机翼变形机构的设计要求,设计由舵机、蜗轮蜗杆机构、平行四边形机构组合而成的机翼变形机构,并设计基于三轴加速度计和DSP处理器的机翼折叠角度的测量算法和控制系统。利用加速度计分别求得机身和机翼相对于参考坐标系的角度,相减即得机身平面与机翼的夹角,制作一架小型折叠翼飞机模型对测量算法进行验证。结果表明：机翼能够稳定折叠在任一给定角度,测量算法准确,机翼实际折叠角度误差在可接受的范围内。     

空间星光测量技术研究发展综述

空间星光测量技术在航天器执行各类任务的过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。简要介绍了空间星光测量技术的基本概念，对典型的空间星光测量敏感器及其应用技术的研究进展进行了总结。通过对比国内外同类型敏感器的主要技术指标，评估了中国当前的研究水平以及与国外的差距。就空间星光测量技术目前存在的低频误差抑制与标校、亚角秒级动态测量精度以及极高精度目标指向测量等关键问题进行了初步分析与探讨。结合空间星光测量技术的研究进展与面临的挑战，对其发展趋势进行了展望，提出了高精度、高动态、多功能、智能化等未来重点研究方向。     

基于文献资料法对陕西申办全运会策略研究

运用文献资料法,深入剖析陕西申办全运会的条件优势,阐述陕西申办全运会与西安城市经济现代化、基础建设现代化、旅游业现代化和城市文明现代化的互动,提出了陕西省申办全运会的策略。     

西安航专学生体质健康测试结果分析

采用测量法、文献资料法、数理统计法等方法,对我校在校的6101名学生进行体质健康测试。以各个时期学生体质健康标准的实施情况为依据,对我校实施《国家学生体质健康标准》的过程和学生体质健康水平进行分析研究,提出进一步改进的措施。