预混料吸湿对复合材料内部质量的影响

在RH85%的环境下,将高硅氧/酚醛预混料吸湿24 h后压制成复合材料,对试样进行无损检测和力学性能分析。结果表明:预混料吸湿后其复合材料内部存在大量缺陷,其中Ⅱ类区面积37. 4%,Ⅲ类区面积49. 8%;力学性能下降幅度较大,拉伸强度、压缩强度、冲压剪切强度分别下降了55%、60%、15%,但弯曲强度变化较小。分析表明:预混料吸湿的水分一部分在树脂固化时,成为气孔,形成Ⅱ类区;另一部分进入纤维,削弱树脂和纤维界面间的粘接力,严重时出现脱粘,形成Ⅲ类区,降低材料力学性能。     

Footprint Problem with Angle of Attack Optimization for High Lifting Reentry Vehicle

A formal analysis to footprint problem with effects of angle of attack (AOA) is presented. First a flexible and rapid standardized method for footprint generation is developed. Zero bank angle control strategy and the maximum crossrange method are used to obtain virtual target set; afterward, closed-loop bank angle guidance law is used to find footprint by solving closest approach problem for each element in virtual target set. Then based on quasi-equilibrium glide condition, the typical inequality reentry trajectory constraints are converted to angle of attack lower boundary constraint. Constrained by the lower boundary, an original and practical angle of attack parametric method is proposed. By using parametric angle of attack profile, optimization algorithm for angle of attack is designed and the impact of angle of attack to footprint is discussed. Simulations with different angle of attack profiles are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed footprint solution method and validity of optimal algorithm.     

对低轨导航系统发展趋势的思考CSCD

全球卫星导航系统成熟的产业推广和技术应用极大地牵引了卫星导航发展需求,使相关学者愈来愈关注恶劣电磁环境下的抗干扰技术以及分米、厘米级高精度导航定位服务。低轨星座优越的平台/轨道特性使其被誉为未来极具潜力的卫星导航手段。特别是近十年商业航天的蓬勃发展,带动卫星平台技术及火箭运载技术突飞猛进,大大降低了低轨卫星制造与发射成本,使得面向低轨星座的导航定位技术成为研究热点和发展方向。首先深入地剖析了不同历史阶段低轨导航的应用方向和技术体制,梳理归纳了低轨卫星星座独立定位及低中高轨卫星联合定位两种应用模式的技术特点,然后分析了未来低轨导航在整个卫星导航系统体系中的应用前景和技术挑战,为未来低轨导航系统建设和发展提供设计参考与技术借鉴。     

基于滑动时窗策略自适应优化支持向量机的航空发动机性能参数在线预测

针对传统航空发动机性能参数时间序列预测方法存在的不足,提出了基于滑动时窗策略自适应优化支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)在线预测模型。该方法解决了训练样本动态适应性差的特点和老旧数据信息影响预测模型精度的问题。在该方法中,滑动时窗策略实时更新时窗数据训练样本,最终误差预报准则(Final Prediction Error,FPE)自适应地确定嵌入维数,遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)则实时自适应优化SVM建模参数。应用航空发动机排气温度偏差值(Delta Exhaust Gas Temperature,DEGT)数据进行实例验证,结果表明基于滑动时窗策略的自适应GA优化的SVM (GASVM)在线预测模型比传统的GASVM预测模型预测精度有显著提高。进一步分析了预测模型不同时窗宽度对短期预测精度的影响,展示了1步～10步预测的效果,结果表明在线预测模型在不同时窗宽度下短中期(5步以内)预测效果良好且稳定。文中提出的在线预测模型可用于航空发动机性能参数的预测,实现对航空发动机未来性能变化的预警。     

直升机某部件飞行状态的载荷分布特点研究

结合直升机的飞行载荷特点及使用要求,采用某型直升机动部件飞行测量载荷数据,经过“三峰谷点”雨流计数法统计处理,对飞行中实测到的183个飞行状态分别进行统计处理,假设检验及回归分析,确定了每个飞行状态的载荷分布类型及飞行状态的损伤,最后压缩归并成对直升机某动部件产生较大损伤的18种飞行状态,并提出了飞行状态中载荷的分布类型对直升机动部件的寿命有较大的影响。     

一种变速风力机全风速范围发电策略

由于风力机系统复杂的机械阻尼和大惯量等强非线性因素的存在,增大了控制策略设计与实现的难度。同时,对于变速风力发电系统而言,风力机的转速控制器设计是实现发电控制策略的重要环节。本文首先分析了定桨距变速风力机全风速段的发电策略,针对传统方案所存在的问题,提出了新型的控制策略,该策略在不同运行状态之间的过渡过程迅速平滑,有效降低了系统的动态载荷;其次,基于现有的风力发电系统分析了定桨距风力机的小信号模型,推导了风力机系统的传递函数,并为转速控制环设计了P ID控制器;最后,通过仿真和实验,验证了全风速段发电策略的可行性和有效性。     

后向台阶超声速流动的动力混合RANS／LES模拟

针对可压缩湍流流动,构建了1种动力混合RANS/LES模式。运用该模式模拟了超声速后向台阶流动,结果再现了二维后向台阶剪切层的拟序结构,计算得到了统计平均的压力分布,回流区长度与实验结果符合较好。与定系数的一般混合RNAS/LES模拟结果的对比表明,动力混合RANS/LES模式在对流场拟序结构的捕捉、流动时均压力分布方面表现较优。     

Attitude control system design and on-orbit performance analysis of nano-satellite––‘‘Tian Tuo 1’’

‘‘Tian Tuo 1'(TT-1) nano-satellite is the first single-board nano-satellite that was successfully launched in China. The main objective of TT-1 is technology demonstration and scientific measurements. The satellite carries out the significant exploration of single-board architecture feasibility validation, and it is tailored to the low-cost philosophy by adopting numerous commercialoff-the-shelf(COTS) components. The satellite is featured with three-axis stabilization control capability. A pitch bias momentum wheel and three magnetic coils are adopted as control actuators.The sun sensors, magnetometers and a three-axis gyro are employed as the measurement sensors.The quaternion estimator(QUEST) and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) method are adopted for the nano-satellite attitude determination. On-orbit data received by ground station is conducted to analysis the performance of attitude determination and control system(ADCS). The results show that the design of ADCS for TT-1 is suitable, robust and feasible.     

Determination of thermal expansion coefficients for unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites

In the present work, the coefficients of thermal expansion（CTEs） of unidirectional（UD）fiber-reinforced composites are studied. First, an attempt is made to propose a model to predict both longitudinal and transverse CTEs of UD composites by means of thermo-elastic mechanics analysis. The proposed model is supposed to be a concentric cylinder with a transversely isotropic fiber embedded in an isotropic matrix, and it is subjected to a uniform temperature change. Then a concise and explicit formula is offered for each CTE. Finally, some finite element（FE） models are created by a finite element program MSC. Patran according to different material systems and fiber volume fractions. In addition, the available experimental data and results of other analytical solutions of CTEs are presented. Comparisons are made among the results of the cylinder model,the finite element method（FEM）, experiments, and other solutions, which show that the predicted CTEs by the new model are in good agreement with the experimental data. In particular, transverse CTEs generally offer better agreements than those predicted by most of other solutions.     

圆锥低超声速有攻角绕流非对称涡流的数值模拟与非线性分岔的研究

本文用数值方法研究了圆锥低超声速有攻角绕流的对称和非对称定常解,扰动响应以及在更大角时出现的准周期解问题。